Abidjan

The population of Abidjan is growing rapidly. This demographic mass creates a food needs. To answer this demand, transport service is essential to reach the production areas. The contribution explains an overview of the transport service in a supply chain of food to Abidjan. The methodology research is based on two facts: the bibliographic research and field surveys. The study shows the meaning of transport which may vary according to the scales and levels of supply. Difficult conditions to access production sites, road traffic harassment and degradation of road infrastructure significant are problems faced by transporters in carrying out their activities. Résumé La population d'Abidjan connaît un accroissement rapide. Cette masse démographique crée des besoins alimentaires accrus. Pour répondre à la demande, le recours au service de transport pour se rendre dans les zones de production de plus en plus éloignées s'avère indispensable. Cette contribution propose un schéma explicatif général du rôle que joue le transport dans l'approvisionnement d'Abidjan en produits vivriers. La méthodologie de la recherche repose sur deux piliers : une recherche bibliographique et des enquêtes de terrain. Il ressort de cette étude que les moyens de transport utilisés varient selon les échelles et les niveaux

Akissi Béatrice Boutin et Jérémie Kouadio N’Guessan s’attachent à mettre en parallèle le triple développement de la ville d’Abidjan, du français, et des travaux linguistiques ayant pour objet le français à Abidjan. Abidjan, au long de son développement, a été le lieu d’observation du français populaire africain, du français pidginisé, ou véhiculaire, et de sa vernacularisation, des normes exogène et endogène, du nouchi, autrement dénommé argot, langue métisse… L’hétérogénéité linguistique a été et est toujours présente à Abidjan, sous la pression d’un environnement socioculturel très contrasté.

According to food hygiene standards in Côte d'Ivoire, the main components (tuna, attiéké, raw vegetables and oil) to produce "garba" would be outside these standards. However, this food is consumed by most of the population living in Abidjan, most often in groups. The objective of this work was to highlight the importance of "garba" in building the social bond of consumers despite the perceived health risks. Therefore, a quantitative and qualitative study was carried out in Abidjan. A questionnaire was administered to 1067 consumers of "garba" regarding the quantitative approach and the qualitative approach was based on three case studies. The “eating triangle” served as a theoretical basis. The results obtained showed that the conditions of production and sale of “garba” were perceived as a factor of physical fragility by 86.6% of consumers. However, "garba" is a relational support which reinforces the communion and the sociability of the consumers thanks to its mode of consumption. In addition, savings of 500 CFA francs are made by consumers of "garba" on each consumption, thanks to the economic value of the food, to consolidate social ties in their home groups. "Garba" has therefore become an essential element in the eating habits of Abidjan citizens, since it helps to maintain social relations and intervenes in the construction of social links.

Introduction: The effective use of contraceptive depends on user's attitudes towards contraception. This paper focuses on determining the perceptions and practices of contraception in urban areas. Material and Methods: A mixed descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Dallas, district of Adjamé, among women of reproductive age, men, and religious leaders. The quantitative aspect took place from May 5th to June 4th, 2018, while the qualitative aspect took place from June 5th to July 4th. Also, quantitative and qualitative data were captured and analyzed using Epi info software. After recording and transcription, a content analysis was carried out. Results: Three hundred women were selected for the quantitative survey, and 29 people participated in the qualitative survey. The average age of the women was 29.4 ± 9.1 years. Among them, one hundred and thirty-two women had not discussed contraception with their partners. The main reasons were their ignorance and lack of interest in the subject. In addition, sixty-two women thought that contraception was a non-healthy practice. The main reason for their disapproval was rejection and disease. Moreover, modern methods were the most widely used. Conclusion: Awareness and information campaigns at the community level can help women and men to develop appropriate attitudes towards modern contraception.

La musique ivoirienne a connu diverses époques, dont celles des précurseurs et des grandes figures, à l’instar de Mamadou Doumbia, Amédée Pierre, Fax Clark, Anouman Brou Félix, Ernesto Djédjé, Jeanne Agnimel, François Lougah, Aïcha Koné, Reine Pélagie, Allah Thérèse, Bailly Spinto, Séry Simplice, Sœurs Comoé, Gun Morgan, etc.
Ces figures matricielles ont certes tracé les sillons de la musique moderne et contemporaine ivoirienne plurielle (musique maison), mais leur voix et leur sonorité empreintes de nostalgie et d’une romance fraichement post indépendance n’ont pas véritablement connu la fureur et la redondance amplifiée de la tendance musicale composite du coupé décalé.
Qu’est-ce qui fait donc la force du coupé décalé aujourd’hui ?

In 1951 and 1970, with the building of the port of Abidjan and San
Pedro that the Cote d’Ivoire has acquired itself the modern infrastructures harbour. They have then managed by the State that was the main actor of their development. Weakened by the the crisis of 80s, the Ivorian government, under the pressure of financial sponsors is free itself from some activities of production including those of navy sector and harbour who were struggling to really start their development. The ports of Abidjan and San Pedro have trouble priming really their development. The infrastructures and harbour equipments when they are not new are simply inexistant because of the lack of adequate investments. The openess to private capital, a policy strongly
encouraged by World Bank and the International Monetary Fund presented itself as the only possibility to pull the Ivorian ports from their
underdevelopment state. The objective related to this study is to analyze the effects of the liberization on the development of the ports of Abidjan and San Pedro. The best method consists in attaining the results related to a qualitative and quantitative approach. This method integrates the documentary research, the direct view on the field and the interview of resource persons in a way of guide talk. The results come from the analysis of datas reveal that the private operators are at the first level in the process for the development of the Ivorian ports. They positively react on all their indicators of harbour performances. What contributes to their attractivity. On the other hand, they highlight the real
risk of a transfer of the public monopoly to those of a private monopoly.

This study aims to highlight potentially floodable areas or areas at risk of flooding in the town of Bingerville (East of the district of Abidjan) in a context of rapid and uncontrolled urbanization, for an integrated and sustainable management of its space. The methodological approach used consisted in combining the techniques of multicriteria analysis, and geographic information systems. Five parameters including slope, land use, drainage density, population density and anthropogenic factors were used in this study. Then, weights were attributed to these parameters through Saaty’s multi-criteria method (AHP). The vulnerability to flood was categorized into five classes (very low, low, medium, high and very high) by using GIS. The results show that the commune of Bingerville is moderately vulnerable to flooding. However, some neighborhoods located mainly in the center of the commune and in peripheral areas and some villages located on the edge of the lagoon such as Anan and Akandjé are highly vulnerable to flooding. This scientific information is used to guide decision-making by the authorities in charge of managing the commune in the prevention and management of flood crises.

Dans cette étude, nous avons choisi d’analyser trois ports; Abidjan et
Dakar, du fait de leurs tonnages importants de marchandises en transit pour
Bamako, et Conakry en raison de sa proximité d’avec la capitale malienne. La
méthodologie adoptée repose sur une recherche documentaire couplée
d’enquêtes de terrain menées auprès des chargeurs, des
armateurs/consignataires des chargeurs. Ces acteurs ont été interviewés à
Bamako et au niveau des postes-frontières sur les corridors desservant les
ports de Dakar, Abidjan et Conakry. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le port
d’Abidjan, bien qu’il ne dispose pas de la meilleure localisation et du meilleur
tonnage de marchandises, est malgré tout le port le plus performant grâce à un
meilleur temps de passage portuaire, de meilleures infrastructures portuaires
et de dessertes vers Bamako.

With an annual production of 7 148 000 tons in 2017, yams are the
leading food crop in Côte d'Ivoire. The cultivated species are Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata. From the latter, the Kponan variety is particularly popular in several urban centers, espacially Abidjan, the economic capital. Through a documentary research and a questionnaire survey conducted in four municipalities, this article aims to understand the commercial circuit of Kponan yam in Abidjan, precisely the wholesale market, as well as the actors who run it. The data collected show that the wholesale market for Kponan yams in Abidjan is based on interaction between several actors. At the beginning, there are marketers who act as a link between peasant producers and wholesale traders, relying on transporters. The supply areas are mainly made up of two regions, all located in the north-east of the country.
These are Bondoukou and Bouna, which account for 60 and 33,3%
respectively of the volume of Kponan yams sold on the wholesale market in Abidjan. The selling prices are set by integrating a profit margin of 100 to 150 CFA francs/kg from the direct seller to the wholesaler and 50 to 100 CFA francs/kg from the wholesaler to the retailer. This translates into prices of 300-350 CFA francs/kg in periods of abundance and 400-450 CFA francs in periods of scarcity (wholesale market price). The average annual volume marketed per wholesaler is 776.8 tonnes, which corresponds to a turnover ranging between 243 146 500 and 281 986 500 CFA francs.

Cette étude vise à montrer l'importance du Statut socioéconomique(SSE) de la famille des élèves et des conditions de fréquentation dans la détermination du concept de soi en milieu Africain. Pour ce faire, elle propose d'analyser les liens de causalité entre les facteurs du milieu socioéducatif des élèves et l'évaluation du concept de soi. Elle part du constat que si les facteurs du milieu ont une influence sur les performances des élèves (Coleman, 1966) et qu'au surplus, les performances influencent la définition du concept de soi (Chanal, 2005) alors les facteurs du milieu devraient influer sur la détermination du concept de soi. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, une enquête quantitative et qualitative a été menée sur 200 élèves des classes de CE2 et CM1 de 10 écoles de la région d'Abidjan en Côte d'ivoire. Les résultats montrent que les facteurs du milieu socioéducatif agissent indépendamment ou concomitamment ou cumulativement sur la détermination du concept de soi.

Between 1960 and 1980, Côte d'Ivoire set up its urban policy, in which the SICOGI (Ivorian construction and property management company) and SOGEFIHA (Society of financial management of habitat) condominiums were born. From 1986, these 02 structures withdrew from the management of condominiums, now entrusted to the inhabitants themselves through the installation of trustees. But today, we see that these spaces are in a state of "degradation" due to the lack of maintenance to which they are subject. The objective of this article is to study the maintenance policy of trustees at the origin of the degradation of the SOGEFIHA condominium spaces of Abobo and SICOGI 220 Housing units of Adjamé. Documentary research, direct observation as well as interview were used to collect the data without omitting the mobilization of urban governance as theory of the study. The results show that the deterioration is a consequence of maintenance as well as the lack of knowledge of the trustees.

The public and private green spaces of the communes of Cocody and Plateau of Abidjan city are deteriorating because of lack of financial means for their maintenance. The overall objective of this study is to demonstrate the importance of payments for ecosystem services (PES) in their self-financing. To carry out this study, a survey was conducted among users of 3 public gardens in the Plateau and private garden owners in Cocody. It aimed to identify the willingness to pay (CAP) of users of public gardens for their management and to identify incentives for the creation of private gardens in their own concessions. Analysis of the data reveals a PAC in the form of visiting tax or voluntary donation ranging from 100 FCFA (0.15 €) to 2000 FCFA (3.07 €). Respondents who declare a visiting tax between 100 FCFA and 500 FCFA are the most numerous with a percentage of 92.95. Students, students and unemployed visitors are on the sidelines of visitors who refuse to

First published as part of conference proceedings, in the form of a book:
Opper, A. 2016. Derrière les panneaux publicitaires/Behind the Billboards. In L. Farber and C. Jorgensen (Eds). Critical Addresses. The Archive-in-Practice: 111-122. Johannesburg: Jacana Media & VIAD.

Published on Academia.edu, courtesy of VIAD (Visual Identities in Art and Design Centre -  Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture (FADA), University of Johannesburg (UJ)).

[Order book (ISBN No: 978-1-4314-2512-9), via VIAD, here: http://www.viad.co.za/critical-addresses-archive-practice/].

Abstract:

In 2014, I presented a workshop in Côte d'Ivoire on informal settlement upgrading. This opportunity came in the wake of state-sanctioned eradication of informal settlements in the country's economic capital, Abidjan. I found photography to be an effective way to archive the process of eradication as it enabled me to capture the violence, damage and loss which go hand-in-hand with forced removals. Analysing these images retrospectively, I realised that they embody what I consider to be a hard-to-grasp counter-archive of what could be referred to as situated absence.
      Using my photographic documents of the forced removals witnessed in Abidjan as an analytical starting point allows me to shed new light on photography's concurrent roles: I argue that it is instrumentalised – via its use on billboards – in the framing of the official archive of city-making, supported by big business and the state; simultaneously, I believe, it offers radical potential for the emergence of an archive which counters convenient official narratives. In my analysis of the situation, there exists a tension between photography's complicity and its potential. The medium of photography is made complicit in the form of the programmed manipulation of the billboard archetype, and what its repetitive iconic imagery signifies, as part of a broader neoliberal agenda of erasure through state-sanctioned forced removals. At the same time, I maintain, it has the potential to generate a counter-archive – using indexical images of destroyed human settlements – to oppose the powerful top-down and highly selective archive of bureaucrats, city planners, policy makers and mainstream commercial interests.
      Referencing the marginalisation of large parts of Abidjan's citizenry – through state-sanctioned clearances of informally settled areas – I use this paper and my artwork entitled Derrière les panneaux publicitaires/Behind the billboards to highlight and interrogate the tensions residing within the photographic medium and its dichotomous operations. Paper and artwork become productively entangled vehicles to think through photography's multifaceted roles; in other words, its instrumentalisation in the service of constructing comfortable archives of power, and its potential usefulness as a medium through which such archives may be countered.

Quelles sont les valeurs africaines aujourd’hui ?
Très présentes dans les discours publics et privés, l’évocation des valeurs suscitent louanges ou lamentations. Fin 2016, WATHI - laboratoire d’idées ouest-africain - a initié une large consultation citoyenne. Le débat invitait à interroger les valeurs dites “africaines” dans des sociétés de plus en plus poreuses aux influences extérieures. « Vivre ensemble » suppose des « valeurs communes ». La « création de valeur partagée » résulte de la mise en œuvre (rigoureuse) de règles définies en fonction d’un cap. Mythes fondateurs, « contrat social », aspirations et vision/s  … – tâchons d’apercevoir la « voie lactée » à travers la frondaison du fromager !

The autonomous port of Abidjan, qualified as "lung of the Ivorian economy", is ranked first in West Africa and second in Africa, after the port of Durban in South Africa. It is a transhipment and container port, thanks to the Vridi channel with a depth of 15 m, the boats with deep draft can dock in deep water. Thus for the safety of the port navigation, it is important to know the speed of propagation of the tidal wave in order to know exactly the tide times in all parts of the Ebrié lagoon. This lagoon in connection with inflows of external waters considerably modify its hydrodynamism. For a mastery of the hydrodynamics of this complex environment we have subdivided the lagoon into three parts depending on the different inputs (fluvial / marine) or not. As a result, the tidal wave spreads much faster in the western part with a speed of 0.83 ms-1 over 1 km, than in the eastern part of the Ebrié Lagoon, is a speed of 0.38 m.s-1. It is also slowing down in the Vridi Channel 0.79 m.s-1. Thus the propagation of the tidal wave in the lagoon would be hampered by fluvial inputs and also by a restricted basin such as the Vridi Canal. In addition, the marine influence is dominant in the dry season, however in high flood season the tide phenomenon