The School Of Social Development And Public Policy

Mainland China is home to 56 official minority groups, but of these the Chinese Muslims have been largely ignored by scholars. Chinese Muslims are becoming important economic actors in the society, judged by the kinds of mosques and educational activities they are sponsoring. They present an excellent opportunity to probe the impact of globalization on local forms of Islam, to understand how Islam might become a strategic social and political resource for Chinese Muslim community. In this paper I have focused on the life of urban Chinese Muslims, their identity and their prospects as distinct community while living in China.

China presents a challenge to critical thinking about globalization as the last remaining socialist country, with perhaps the fastest economic growth in the world today. It is imperative that the question of alternatives and other possibilities and potentialities be raised in any attempt at theorizing or conceptualizing the process of globalization.

The international equilibrium of power has been reallocated from west to east. The intermingling pressures that brought about the fierce conflicts of the last century are also moving. Economic development, shipping lanes, geography, territorial conflicts and natural resources all combine to form a potentially lethal environment. Avoiding the blunders that led to such devastation as occurred in 20th Century Europe has become something of a tightrope walk for the region’s two greatest powers, China and India.

Is modernization a good thing when it comes to religion and spiritual practices, generally, in China? What effects might modernization have on the practice of religion in China? Focusing more specifically on Islam in China, is it also subject to forces of globalization and modernity? If so, will that encounter result in more or less societal and biased power to Muslims in China? Is Islam opposing to modernization in China? These are just some of the questions that are raised in thinking about the role of Muslim minority in China today. My research study focuses on how globalization and modernization of Chinese society have affected the Muslim minority and practice of their religion in China under the policy of the Communist government.

Mainland China is home to 56 official minority groups, but of these the Chinese Muslims have been largely ignored by scholars. Chinese Muslims are becoming important economic actors in the society, judged by the kinds of mosques and educational activities they are sponsoring. They present an excellent opportunity to probe the impact of globalization on local forms of Islam, to understand how Islam might become a strategic social and political resource for Chinese Muslim community. In this thesis, I have focused on the life of urban Chinese Muslims, their identity and their prospects as distinct community while living in China with greater Han community.

In contrast to its capital spending in Africa, Chinese Aid in Asia is significantly smaller in spite of growing tendency in regional trade and investments. Extraction of natural resources does not seem to be the dominant reason for trade and investment decisions. To a certain extent, Chinese financial presence in the Asian region can best be described as "softness". In this paper, I will talk about Chinese "soft power" which is a strategic component of Chinese trade and investment patterns as well as its development assistance policy, which is based on setting up harmonious and stable relations with neighboring countries rather than on the immediate hunt for natural resources as is evident in Africa. The exercise of soft power is crucial for China's overall goal to "stabilize the neighborhood" so that it can continue its economic transformation program in a context of peace and stability throughout the region. These investments can be viewed as an exercise in soft power that is central to China's overall foreign economic policy in the Asian region.

Pakistan is a rapidly growing economy, with a strategy of reducing poverty and generating prosperity for all through industrial development by technology up-gradation and greater export orientation.
Such circumstances define the relevance of a robust education sector in Pakistan, which would allow it to meet its human resource requirements. Pakistan needs to produce more workers, technicians, supervisors, managers, and researchers. It needs to expand its education base by improving the retention rate of students at primary, secondary and tertiary levels and by establishing more educational institutions across the country. Further, the quality of education needs considerable improvement by inducting better qualified teachers, adopting better education techniques and implementing effective examination mechanisms.

Sino-Pakistan relationship refers as one of the few long-term friendships that have survived the pressures of time and changing geo-strategic environment.
This paper confers the defense and security dimensions of the Sino-Pak relationship which have been based on shared strategic interests and geo-political goals. It investigates some of the important political and geo-strategic issues, which are, distressing this relationship.
This paper also highlights the regional and international scope, specifically the significance of India and the United States to Sino-Pak relationship. It discusses the course of Indo-US strategic ties and the downward intensification of US-Pak relations which prompts its own logic on Sino-Pak joint security ties.
This paper argues that as long as Indo-Pak peace process remains stuck on the issue of Kashmir and US-Pak rising conflicts, Pakistan would continue to view China as its best strategic partner to counterbalance India, and the United States to certain level. China will also have an intrinsic stake in shoring Pakistan’s political and military stability in terms of its enduring security interests in the Asian region as well as the Indian Ocean, and to monitor the rising presence of the US in this region.
Finally, this paper concludes that despite some tensions and growing pressures in this relationship, Sino-Pak friendship and alliance will endure in the near future.

Russia is historically and technologically a world leader in space. It is also a strategic partner for Europe. Since the 1990s, Russia has changed and its partnerships have evolved. This transformation strongly impacts the space field and the country’s space cooperation. Russia and Europe have structured and increased their cooperation in the last decade and some Europeans are advocating closer cooperation with Russia and even a joint strategy for the development of their space activities. At the same time, Russia has reinforced its cooperation with the two fastest growing nations, India and China.
This paper gives an insight on the growing cooperation between three countries that are also the three fastest growing economies in the Eurasian region as well as in the world.

The Punjab Healthcare Commission (PHC) aims to improve the quality, safety and efficiency of healthcare service delivery for all Public and Private Healthcare Establishments (HCEs) including Allopaths, Homeopaths and Tibbs in the province of Punjab, Pakistan.

Aging is a global issue which has impact over the world population. Aging is on rise in Pakistan as well since early 1990s due to the onslaught of demographic transition in the country. This situation has posed many problems not only for the senior citizens, but their relatives and families as well due to the varying socioeconomic environment. Pakistan, a country in South Asia and in neighborhood of China, is the fifth most populous country in the world with an estimated population over 220 million people. Traditionally, senior citizens tend to live with their children as youngsters were socially responsible for the upkeep of the elders but shifts in age demographics, family structures and migration patterns may see the aged population being left behind. Modernization and urbanization have had a major impact on the life of elders in Pakistan and it's not always a positive effect. Senior citizens demand and desire time with their children and grandchildren. The issues faced by elders in Pakistan is highly correlated with modernization and change in the socioeconomic factors. In a poorly developed country like Pakistan, this responsibility has to be shouldered by the state due to changing cultural conditions and the deteriorating grip of religion. This facts and data used in this paper is based on the research results of previous research papers which are mentioned and cited in this paper. This research paper describes aging and elderly care in Pakistan in comparison with China along with the lessons that can be learnt from China as it is an aging society and the way China has developed long term care policy and services for its senior citizens. This paper concludes that the prospects of elderly care services in Pakistan depends on the commitment and ability of the government in meeting the challenges of insufficient funds for social services, inadequate and low-quality provision, and the lack of seriousness in making and implementing social policy for the betterment of senior citizens.