BCM PPT FINAL

GROUP PRESENTATION
Subject Name : Basic Civil and Mechanical Engineering

Subject Code: 231GES102T
Cutting-Edge
Development in
Reciprocating and
Centrifugal
Presented By:
Pump
Designs
Prasanth Gopalakrishnan Sakthi Sanjeev
Kumar R
Sam Antony S Sangeethraj N
Sanjay Balajee A Sanjay Kumar S
EASWARI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Autonomous) Ramapuram, Chennai - 600
Overview
1. History of Pump
2. Mechanical Pump
3. Centrifugal Pump
• Components
• Working
• Applications
4.Reciprocating Pumps
• Working
• Applications
5.Technological Advancement in
• Energy Effi ciency Enhancements
• Advanced Materials
• Digitalization and IoT Integration
History of Pumps
Egyptians – 2000 BC Europe-3rd to 1st Century BC Modern Day

Pumps
What is a Mechanical Pump?
A mechanical pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases)

from one place to another by converting mechanical energy into
hydraulic energy.
Centrifugal
Pump
• A centrifugal pump is a mechanical
device
• Principle: Centrifugal force
• Uses
1.Water treatment
2.Irrigation
Working of Centrifugal
•Pump
The fluid enters the pump through the
suction side and reaches the center of
the rotating impeller.
• The impeller spins rapidly, throwing the
fluid outward due to centrifugal force.
• As the fluid moves outward, its velocity
increases, converting mechanical energy
into kinetic energy.
• The casing collects the fluid and guides
it to the discharge pipe, where the
velocity energy is partially converted
into pressure energy, allowing the fluid
to flow through the system.
Components
• Impeller: A rotating disc with vanes
• Casing: An enclosure that directs

the fluid into the impeller
• Suction Pipe: Where the fluid enters

the pump.
• Discharge Pipe: Where the fluid

exits the pump.
Applications of Centrifugal Pump
Centrifugal pumps are widely used in
various industries due to their effi ciency and
ability to handle large volumes of fluids.
• Water Supply and Distribution

• Municipal water supply systems
• Irrigation, and firefighting.
• Industrial Processes
• Pharmaceutical
• Food processing.
Reciprocating Pumps
• A reciprocating pump is a type of positive
displacement pump that moves fluids by
using a piston or plunger that moves back
and forth (reciprocates) within a cylinder
• Components
1.Pump Casing
2.Plunger or Piston
3.Crankshaft
4.Connecting Rod
5.Suction Valve
6.Discharge Valve
7.Cylinder
Crankshaft
Working of Reciprocating
Pumps
• Suction Stroke:
⚬ As the piston or plunger moves backward,
it creates a vacuum in the cylinder.
⚬ This causes the suction valve to open,
allowing fluid to enter the cylinder from the
inlet (suction side).
• Discharge Stroke:
⚬ When the piston or plunger moves forward,
it compresses the fluid inside the cylinder.
⚬ This pressure causes the suction valve to
close and the discharge valve to open,
forcing the fluid out of the cylinder and into
the discharge pipe.
This cycle repeats, with the pump delivering a

fixed amount of fluid during each stroke. Because
of the positive displacement action, reciprocating
pumps can handle high pressures and precise
Applications of Reciprocating
• Pumps
Chemical Dosing: Precisely delivers
specific volumes of chemicals in
water treatment, pharmaceutical,
and food industries.
• Boiler Feed Pumps: Pumps water into

boilers at high pressure in power
plants.
• Slurry and Viscous Fluid Handling:

Effi ciently pumps thick fluids and
slurries in mining and waste
management.
Technological Advancement in
Pumps
1. Energy Effi ciency Enhancements:
Variable Speed Drives (VSDs):
To adjust the pump's speed based on

demand, reducing energy consumption,
especially in fluctuating flow conditions.
• Smart Pump Controls: Integration of

smart sensors and controls to monitor
pump performance in real-time,
allowing for predictive maintenance,
reducing downtime, and optimizing
energy use
Pumps
2. Advanced Materials: Wear-Resistant
Materials: New composite materials,
ceramics, and alloys are being used to
extend the lifespan of pumps, especially
in harsh environments, such as chemical
processing or slurry pumping.
• Corrosion-Resistant Coatings:
Enhanced coatings protect pump
components from corrosive fluids,
increasing the longevity of both
reciprocating and centrifugal pumps
in industries like oil & gas and
wastewater treatment.
Pumps
1. Digitalization and IoT Integration:
• IoT-Enabled Pumps: Pumps are
allowing remote monitoring,
diagnostics, and real-time
performance data analysis.
• Predictive Maintenance: Using AI and,

pump systems can predict failures or
wear.
Reference
• https://www.michael-smith-engineers.co.uk/
resources/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/
• https://www.rotechpumps.com/
THANK
YOU!

BCM PPT FINAL

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GROUP PRESENTATION

Subject Name : Basic Civil and Mechanical Engineering

EASWARI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Egyptians – 2000 BC Europe-3rd to 1st Century BC Modern Day

A mechanical pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases)

• Casing: An enclosure that directs

• Suction Pipe: Where the fluid enters

• Discharge Pipe: Where the fluid

• Water Supply and Distribution

This cycle repeats, with the pump delivering a

• Boiler Feed Pumps: Pumps water into

• Slurry and Viscous Fluid Handling:

To adjust the pump's speed based on

• Smart Pump Controls: Integration of

• Predictive Maintenance: Using AI and,

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