CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN - IF

CONDITION
AL
sentences
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01
zero
conditional
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI
0
Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 0 diễn tả một
chân lý hoặc một sự thật hiển
nhiên. Cấu trúc:
If + S + V(s/ es) + O + …, S + V (s/
es) + O + …
Eg:NOTE:
If youIFheat
... NOT... = UNLESS
the ice, it melts.
(Nếu bạn đun băng, nó sẽ tan chảy)
02
First
conditiona
Câu điều l
kiện loại 1
Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 1 diễn trả một
sự việc hoặc một hành động có
thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương
lai.
Cấu trúc:
If + S + V(s/ es) + …, S + will/ can/

may + Vo
Eg:
If you take this medicine, you will
feel better.
(Nếu bạn uống thuốc này, thì bạn sẽ
thấy đỡ hơn đó)
Đảo ngữ
Should + S + V(bare), s + will/can/may...
+V
Should you see her, remind her to
call me as soon as possible.
(Nếu bạn gặp cô ấy, nhắc cô ấy gọi cho
mình càng sớm càng tốt nhé.)
03
Second
conditional
Câu điều kiện loại 2
Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 2 là câu điều
kiện không có thực ở hiện tại.
Cấu trúc:
If + S + V2/ Ved + …, S + would/ could (not)

+ Vo + …
Eg:
●If I were you, I would help him.
●If you tried hard again, you would
succeed.
Đảo ngữ trong mệnh đề if là
"be"
Were + S + ..., S + would/could/might
+V
Eg:
Were you in my situation, what
would you do?
(Bạn sẽ làm gì nếu bạn ở trong hoàn
cảnh của tôi?)
Đảo ngữ trong mệnh đề if là
động từ thường
Were + S + to + V, S + would/could/might
Eg: +V
Were I to know her address, I would

write to her.
(Nếu tôi biết địa chỉ của cô ấy, tôi sẽ
viết thư cho cô ấy.)
04
third
conditional
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI
3
Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 3 là câu điều
kiện không có thực trong quá
khứ. Nó được dùng để diễn tả một
điều không thể xảy ra trong quá
khứ.
Cấu trúc:
If + S + had + V3 + …, S + would/ could +

have + V3…
Eg:
●If he had studied hard, he would
have passed his exams.
Đảo ngữ
Had + S + Vp2, S + would/could/might + have
+ Vp2
Eg:
Had I known you were coming to
Hanoi, I wouldn't have gone on holiday.
(Nếu tôi biết bạn tới Hà Nội thì tôi có lẽ
đã không đi du lịch.)
05
mixed
conditional
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại
1
Chức năng:
Dùng để diễn tả một giả thiết trái
ngược với quá khứ còn kết quả thì
trái ngược với hiện tại.
Cấu trúc:
If + S + had + V3/ -ed + …, S + would/ could
+ Vo
Eg: I didn't eat breakfast this morning, so
I’m hungry now. (Sáng nay tôi không ăn sáng,
vì vậy bây giờ tôi đói bụng).
=> If I had eaten breakfast this morning,
I wouldn’t be hungry now.
(Nếu sáng nay tôi ăn sáng, thì bây giờ tôi đã
không thấy đói bụng rồi).
06
mixed
conditiona
l hỗn hợp
Câu điều kiện
loại 2
Chức năng:
Dùng để tiễn tả một giả thiết trái
ngược với thực tại còn kết quả trái
ngược với quá khứ.
Cấu trúc:
If + S + V2/ Ved + …, S + would have + V3 +
…
Eg: Thomas is not a good guy. He cheated on
Rose. (Thomas là một gã đàn ông không tốt.
Anh ta đã phản bội Rose).
If Thomas were a good guy, he wouldn't
have cheated on Rose.
(Nếu Thomas là một người đàn ông tốt, thì
anh ta đã không phản bội lại Rosie).
Put the verb in brackets into the
correct form.
1. If I see him, I will
_________ (give) him a
give would
gift.
type
2. If I had a typewriter, I _____________
(type) it myself.
3.would
If I hadhave
known that you were in
visited
hospital, I ____________ _________(visit)
4. You could make better progress if
attende
you _______________ (attend) class
dknew
regularly.
5. If I _________ (know) his telephone
number, I’dhadgive it to you.
6. If you ____________
arrived (arrive) ten
minutes earlier, you would have got
7. If he worked more slowly, he
wouldn’t
____________ (not make) so many
make
mistakes. were
8. I shouldn’t drink that wine if I
_________find(be) you.
9. If I _________ (find) a cheap room, I
will stay a fortnight.
10. A lot of people would
_________ (be) out
of work if the factorybe closed down.
eat_____ so
11.You will be ill if you (eat)
much. had
12. If we would
(have) _________ a submarine
use___________ it to
now, we (use)
investigate the seabed.
13. Were he ten years younger, he
would
(take) _________ part in the voyage
take the world.
around
14. Should you come late, they (not
won’t
let) _________ you in.
15. let
He might get rid of his cough if he
(not smoke)didn’t
_____________ so much.
smoke
16. If someone (give)gave
_________ you a
would
boat what (you/ do) you do
freezes
__________________?
17. Water (freeze) _________ if the
would
temperature have
falls warned
below zero.
18. I (warn) ______________________ you
if I had seen you last week.
19. He always says hello if he (see)
sees
_________ you.
20. What would you do if he (resign)
resigned
____________ tomorrow?
21. I wouldn't have seen so upset if
Judy (write) ______________ to me
had written
earlier.
Rewrite the following
sentences using conditional
sentences.
1. I didn’t know that you were in the
hospital yesterday, so I didn’t visit
you.
→ If I had known that you were in
hospital yesterday, I would have
visited you.
2. Hurry up or you will be late for
school.
3. My mother is very busy, so she
can’t help me now.
→ If my mother weren’t busy, she
could help me now.
4. Lan didn’t call me because she
didn’t know my phone number.
→ If Lan had known my phone
number, she would have called
5. You’re unhealthy because you
don’t take exercise.
→ If you took exercise, you would
be healthy.
6. He didn't study his lessons very
carefully, so he gets bad marks now.
→ If he had studied his lessons
very carefully, he would get good
7. Leon often causes accidents
because he drives carelessly.
→ If Mr. Leon drove carefully, he
wouldn’t cause accidents.
8. I can’t apply for that job because I
don’t know English.
→ If I knew English, I could apply
for that job.
9. Lien is overweight because she
eats too much chocolate.
→ If Ms. Lien ate less chocolate,
she wouldn’t be overweight.
10. His father often punishes him for
his laziness.
→ If he weren’t lazy, his father
wouldn’t punish him.
MINI TEST
1. He can't go out because he has to
study for his exam.
 If _________________________________
2. She is lazy so she can't pass the
exam.
 If _________________________________
3. He smokes too much; that's why
he can't get rid of his cough.
4. He didn't study his lessons very
carefully, so he gets bad marks now.
 If _________________________________
5. Olga and Ivan weren't paying
attention, so they didn't see the sign
marking their exit from the highway.
 If _________________________________
6. She can't be employed because
she doesn't have a college degree.
 If _________________________________
7. She walked to the meeting. She
was late.
-> If
_________________________________
8. Unless you promise to return back,
I won't lend you.
 If _________________________________
9. We put off our trip because the
weather was terrible.
 If _________________________________
10.My mother is very busy, so she
can’t help me now.
 If _________________________________
ANSWERS
1. If he didn’t have to study for his
exam, he could go out.
2. If she weren't lazy, she could pass
the exam.
3. If she didn't smoke too much; she
could get rid of his cough.
4. If he had studied his lessons very
carefully, he would get good marks
now.
5. If Olga and Ivan had been paying
attention, they would have seen
the sign marking their exit from
the highway.
6. She could be employed if she had
7. If she hadn't walked to the
meeting, she wouldn't have been
late.
8. If you don't promise to return back,
I won’t lend you.
9. We wouldn't have put off our trip if
the weather hadn't been terrible.
10.If my mother weren’t busy, she
could help me now.
Thanks!

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN - IF

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CONDITION

If + S + V(s/ es) + …, S + will/ can/

If + S + V2/ Ved + …, S + would/ could (not)

Were I to know her address, I would

If + S + had + V3 + …, S + would/ could +

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