CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN (CONDITIONAL SENTENCES)

Câu điều kiện loại 1 là câu được sử dụng khi muốn diễn tả một sự việc, hành động nào đó có thể xảy ra ở
hoặc trong tương lai thông qua một điều kiện cụ thể. Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1 bao gồm 2 mệnh đề:
Mệnh đề “If” và mệnh đề chính (Mệnh đề kết quả).
Mệnh đề If (Nếu) Mệnh đề chính (Thì)

If + S + V(s, es)/ don’t/doesn’t V…

Công thức S + will/ won’t + V-inf
If + S + tobe (not)

Dạng động từ Thì hiện tại đơn Thì tương lai đơn
Ví dụ:
 If I have time, I will call you this evening. (Nếu tôi có thời gian, tôi sẽ gọi bạn vào tối nay)
 If I finish my work early, I will go to the gym. (Nếu tôi hoàn thành công việc sớm, tôi sẽ đi tập thể
dục)
 If she cooks dinner, I will clean the dishes. (Nếu cô ấy nấu bữa tối, tôi sẽ rửa chén)
Lưu ý: Mệnh đề “If” có thể đứng trước hoặc đứng sau mệnh đề chính mà không làm thay đổi nghĩa của
câu. Cần lưu ý rằng nếu mệnh đề “If” đứng trước mệnh đề chính thì cần ngăn cách hai mệnh đề bằng dấu
phẩy.
 If they arrive early, we will have time to prepare for the meeting. (Nếu họ tới sớm, chúng ta sẽ có
thời gian chuẩn bị cho cuộc họp)
 We will have time to prepare for the meeting if they arrive early. (Chúng ta sẽ có thời gian để
chuẩn bị cho cuộc họp nếu họ tới sớm)
-Các động từ tình thái: can/may/might/should/ought to/have to/must (not)… + V : có thể được dùng
trong mệnh đề chính (main clause) để nói đến khả năng, sự chắc chắc,sự cho phép, sự bắt buộc hoặc sự
cần thiết.
Ví dụ:
 If you finish your homework early, you can go out and play. (Nếu bạn hoàn thành bài tập sớm,
bạn có thể ra ngoài chơi)
 If you want to lose weight, you should eat less sugar. (Nếu muốn giảm cân, bạn nên ăn ít đường)
Cấu trúc Unless của câu điều kiện loại 1
Unless + S + V-s/es, S + will (not) + V-inf = If + S + doesn’t/don’t + V, S + will (not) + V-inf
Ví dụ:
Unless you water the plants, they will wither. (Nếu bạn không tưới cây, những cái cây sẽ héo)
= If you don’t water the plants, they will wither. (Nếu bạn không tưới cây, chúng sẽ héo)
Task 1: Give the correct forms of the verbs using the conditional TYPE 1.
Question 1: If you__eat____(eat) an ice-cream, I___will have___(have) a hot chocolate.
Question 2: If she___needs___(need) a computer, her brother__will give____(give) her his computer.
Question 3: If we___don’t have___(not have) time this afternoon, we___will meet___(meet) tomorrow.
Question 4: He___will talk___(talk) to her if you___don’t want___(not want) to do it.
Question 5: You___won’t win___(not win) the game if you____don’t know__(not know) the rules.
Question 6: If you___wash___(wash) the dishes, I__will cook____(cook) dinner tonight.
Question 7: If my dad___has___(have) time next week, we_will paint_____(paint) my room.
Question 8: You__will learn____(learn) a lot about American history if you__visit____(visit) the exhibition
this afternoon.
Question 9: If the weather__isn’t____(not be) too bad tomorrow, we___will play___(play) golf.
Question 10: We__won’t get____(not get) there on time if we__catch____(catch) the bus.
Question 11: If you__pour____(pour) oil into water, it____will float __(float) on the surface of the water.
Question 12: If You___have___(have) any problems,__will call____(call) me immediately.
Question 13: If you__don’t like____(not like),___will let___(let) him know your feelings.

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Question 14: If you__heat____(heat) ice, it___will turn___(turn) to water.
Question 15: Unless she__waters___(water) these trees, they___will die___(die).
Question 16: I ___won’t be________ (not be) surprised if you __enjoy_________ (enjoy) that film.
Question 17: If Helen ______comes_____ (come), there _____won’t be______ (not be) enough seats.
Question 18: If they ______work_____ (work) hard, they ______will pass_____ (pass) their exams.
Question 19: We _______will have____ (have) a barbecue if it ___doesn’t rain________ (not rain).
Question 20: If I ______go_____ (go) to London, I ______will send_____ (send) you a postcard.
Task 2: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 1:______have enough apples, she’ll make an apple pie this afternoon.
A. Should she B. If she C. Will she D. Unless she
Question 2: If you don’t know how to spell a word, you______look it up in the dictionary.
A. must B. will C. should D. ought
Question 3: If the sun______, we______for a walk.
A. shines / will go B. shone / will go C. shone / would go D. had shone /would go
Question 4: Unless we______more snow, we can’t go skiing.
A. will have B. have C. have had D. had
Question 5: Unless you wash the car, you______not drive it at the weekend.
A. would B. could C. have to D. may
Question 6: If you do so, it______the matter worse.
A. makes only B. would only make C. will only make D. had only made
Question 7: You will get a good seat if you______first.
A. come B. came C. have come D. will come
Question 8: Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they______their student cards.
A. don’t produce B. didn’t produce C. produced D. hadn’t produced
Question 9: If you watch this film, you______about the cultures of Southeast Asian countries.
A. learned B. were learning C. will learn D. would learn
Question 10. If the train is late, we ___________ to the office.
A. walk B. will walk C. would walk D. walks
Question 11. She ___________if she has time.
A. calls B. would call C. will call D. calling
Question 12. If it ___________too much, I will buy the smaller one.
A. costs B. will cost C. would cost D. cost
Question 13. If the class ___________full, we will find another one.
A. are B. will be C. were D. is
Question 14. What will we do if the taxi ___________
A. don’t come B. didn’t come C. doesn’t come D. had not come
Question 15. I’ll do it if he ___________me.
A. asking B. will ask C. asked D. asks
Task 3: Choose the best answer
1. Will you write to me if I give / will give you my email address?
2. If we win / will win this match, we’ll be in the finals.
3. If the new Bond film comes / will come to our cinema, I go / ‘ll go and see it.
4. How does / will Sandy get back tonight if she can’t find a taxi?
5. I am / will be surprised if this film gets / will get an award.
6. Do you / Will you make dinner tonight if I do / will do the shopping?
7. If I hear / will hear that song one more time, I scream / will scream!
8. What do they / will they do if they don’t / won’t pass their exams?
9. If we miss/ will miss the bus, we take/ will take the taxi.
10. I come/ will come over to your house if you rent/ will rent a DVD.
11. They see/ will see the new Lara Croft film if they go/ will go to the cinema.

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 12. She goes/ will go to the party if you invite/ will invite her.
13. You are/ will be on time if you run/ will run.
14. If he doesn’t stop/ won’t stop smoking, he has/ will have problems later.
15. If you help/ will help me, I lend / will lend you that Beyonce’ CD.
16. If you don’t eat/ won’t eat fruit, you get/ will get a cold.
Task 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the conditional sentences.
1. Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up.
→ If you don't keep silent, you will wake the baby up.
2. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.
→ If________________________________________________________________________
3. I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up.
→If________________________________________________________________________
4. I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 5: If you do not like this one, I’ll change you another.
→ Unless ________________________________________________________________________
Question 6: If she does not hurry, she’ll be late
→ Unless________________________________________________________________________
Question 7: He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 8: She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 9: He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 10: He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 11: She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 12: I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 13: He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 14: Study hard or you won’t pass the exam.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Question 15: Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.
→ If ________________________________________________________________________
Task 5: Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence correct.
1. If someone came->comes into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
2. If you try these cosmetics, you look->will look five years younger.
3. If you do not understand what were written in the book, you could ask-> can ask Mr. Pike.
4. I will come to meet Mr. Pike and tell him about your problems if you didn’t solve-> don’t solve them
yourself.
5. Sam will not graduate unless he doesn’t pass-> pass all the tests.
6. If there isn’tenough food, we couldn’t continue-> can’t continue our journey.
7. Unless you pour oil on water, it will float-> won’t float.
8. You have to take-> will have to take a taxi home if you want to leave now.
9. If anyone will phone-> phone, tell them I’ll be back at 11:00.
10. We can hire a minibus if there will be enough people.
Task 6: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 1: Unless you leave me alone, I'll call the police.

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A. I'll call the police because you leave me alone.
B. I'll call the police if you don't leave me alone.
C. If you leave me alone, I'll call the police.
D. You leave me alone, so I'll call the police.
Question 2: Unless you have tickets you can't come in.
A. You can't come in provided that you have tickets.
B. You can come in provided that you have tickets.
C. If you didn't have tickets, you couldn't come in.
D. Unless you don't have tickets, you can come in.
Question 3: It may rain this afternoon. I hope it doesn’t because I don’t want the match to be cancelled.
A. If it rains, the match is cancelled.
B. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
C. if it rained, the match would be cancelled.
D. If it had rained, the match would have been cancelled.
Question 4. He doesn't study hard, so he can fail the exam.
A. If he studies hard, he won't fail the exam.
B. If he didn't study hard, he wouldn't fail the exam.
C. If he studied hard, he wouldn't fail the exam.
D. If he hadn't studied hard, he wouldn't have failed the exam.
Question 5: Mai doesn’t prepare dinner for her mother . Her mother is bored now.
A. If Mai prepares dinner for her mother, her mother won't be bored.
B. If Mai prepare dinner for her mother, her mother won't be bored.
C. If Mai prepared dinner for her mother, her mother wouldn’t be bored.
D. If Mai prepares dinner for her mother, her mother will be bored.
Question 6: My father will go to the supermarket. He will buy a gilf for His children.
A. If my father don’t to the supermarket, he will buy a gift for his children.
B. If my father goes to the supermarket, he will buy a gift for his children.
C. If my father went to the supermarket, he would buy a gift for his children.
D. If my father go to the supermarket, he will buy a gift for his children.
Question 7: If you don’t work hard , you won’t have a good job.
A. Unless she work hard, she will have a good job.
B. Unless she worked hard, she would have a good job.
C. Unless she works hard, she won't have a good job.
D. Unless she don’t work hard, she won't have a good job.
Question 8: Hurry up, or you will be late for bus .
A. If you don't hurry up, you will be late for the bus.
B. If you didn’t hurry up, you wouldn’t be late for the bus.
C. If you don't hurry up, you won’t be late for the bus.
D. If you hurry up, you will be late for the bus.
Question 9: The weather won’t rain. We will go camping in the forest.
A. If the weather didn’t rain, we will go camping in the forest.
B. If the weather doesn't rain, we won’t go camping in the forest.
C. If the weather rains, we will go camping in the forest.
D. If the weather doesn't rain, we will go camping in the forest.
Question 10: Nam doesn’t drive a car carefully , so he has an accident .
A. If he drive a car carefully, he won't have an accident.
B. If he drove a car carefully, he won't have an accident.
C. If he drives a car carefully, he won't have an accident.
D. If he doesn’t drive a car carefully, he will have an accident.
Task 7: Give the correct forms of the verbs using the conditional TYPE 1.

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1. If the sun ______shines______(shine), we __will walk__________(walk) around the village.
2. If he _____has_______(have ) a fever, he ______will see______(see) the doctor.
3. If my friends ________come____(come), I __will be__________(be) happy.
4. If John _____earns_______(earn) a lot of money, he ____will buy________(buy) big house.
5. If you ______wear______(wear) a scandal in the mountain, you __will slip__________(slip) on the
rock.
6. If you _____wait_______(wait) me a minute, I ___will ask_________(ask) my parents.
7. If Rita _____forgets_______(forget) doing her homework, the teacher ___will scold_________(scold)
her.
8. If we ______go______(go) to the bar, we __will meet__________(meet) someone interesting.
9. If Joy ____doesn’t play________(not play) sports, she ___won’t be_________(not be) healthy
enough.
10. If Tom ___doesn’t repair_________(not repair) the bike, he ____won’t ride________(not ride) it.
11. If Tim _____doesn’t water_______(not water) the trees, they _will die___________(die).
12. If they _____catch_______(catch) the bus, they ____will arrive________(arrive) on time.
13. If you _____are_______(be) a good listener, you _____will have_______(have) many friends.
14. If you ______aren’t______(not be) careful, you ___will fall_________(fall).
15. Their parents ___will punish_________(punish) if they __don’t behave__________(not behave).
16. If we ______need______(need) some help, I ______will ask______(ask).
17. We _____will go_______(go) on the holiday if we _have___________(have) time.
18. If it _____is_______(be) too much heat, I ___will turn on_________(turn on) the air conditioning.
19. If I _____like_______(like) English, I ______will study______(study) harder.
20. You ___will understand_________(understand) the lesson if you __follow__________(follow) your
teacher.
Task 8: Rewrite the following sentences using the conditional sentences.
1. You don’t water the trees. The trees die.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
2. It rains. We cancel the meeting.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
3. I buy some gifts for my friends. I go on a trip.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
4. My parents do exercise regularly. They are healthier.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
5. We win the lottery. We buy a new house.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
6. Tom uses his phone in class. He doesn’t understand the lesson.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
7. Tomorrow isn’t Sunday. They don’t get up late.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
8. He won’t win the competition. He won’t receive a lot of money.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
9. She won’t appear. He won’t recover quickly.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
10. John won’t know her telephone number. He can’t call her.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
Task 9: Rewrite the following sentences using”Unless”.
1. If they don’t practise a lot, they will lose the game.
→Unless ___________________________________________________.
2. I’ll miss the train if I don’t go now.
→ ________________________________________________________________________

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3. If she doesn’t answer the phone, leave her a message.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
4. If you don’t pay the bill, I’ll call the police.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
5. If he doesn’t work hard, he won’t pass the examination.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
Task 10: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Câu 1: If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, __________this incident again.
A. I will never mention B. I never mention C. will I never mention D. I don’t mention
Câu 2: Unless you __________all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering
Câu 3: If someone __________in to the store,smile and say, “May I help you?”
A. comes B. came C. would come D. could come
Câu 4: “Here ‘s my phone number”. “Thanks. I‘ll give you a call if I __________some help tomorrow”.
A. will need B. need C. would need D. needed
Câu 5: If it__________convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight.
A. be B. is C. was D. were
Câu 6: If you__________time, please write to me.
A. have B. had C. have had D. has
Câu 7: If I __________get a pole, I will go fishing.
A. can B. could C. may D. might
Câu 8: Trees won’t grow__________there is enough water.
A. if B. when C. unless D. as
Câu 9: Come and work for my company if you__________better to do.
A. have nothing B. will have nothing C. had something D. had nothing
Câu 10: If it__________tomorrow, we may postpone going.
A. will rain B. shall rain C. raining D. rains
Câu 11: If I__________I will let you know.
A. am staying B. will stay C. do stay (do+V) D. would stay
Câu 12: A: “Thanks for your help”.
B: “__________want more information,call again tomorrow”.
A. were you B. had you to C. might you D. should you