Bioenergetics

Bioenergetics:
Structures and
Functions of the Cell
ACTIVITY:
REMEMBER ME!
DIRECTIONS:
I WILL BE FLASHING A PICTURE OF AN ANIMAL CELL
AND IT’S PARTS FOR 90 SECONDS. IN A 1/8 SHEET OF
PAPER YOU ARE TO WRITE AT LEAST 10 PARTS OF
THE ANIMAL CELL THAT WAS PREVIOUSLY POSTED.
YOU ARE GIVEN 60 SECONDS TO WRITE AS MANY
PARTS AS YOU CAN.
DIRECTIONS:
IN A 1/8 SHEET OF PAPER YOU ARE TO WRITE
AT LEAST 10 PARTS OF THE ANIMAL CELL
THAT WAS PREVIOUSLY POSTED. YOU ARE
GIVEN 60 SECONDS TO WRITE AS MANY
PARTS AS YOU CAN.
Bioenergetics:
Structures and
Functions of the Cell
Learning Competency:
The learners shall be able to explain how cells

carry out functions required for life. (S11/12LT
- IIbd - 4)
The learners shall be able to explain how

photosynthetic organisms use light energy to
form energy-rich compounds. They will be
able to trace the energy flow from the
environment to cells. (S11/12LT - IIbd - 5 and
S11/12LT - IIbd - 6 )
Learning Competency:
The learners describe how

organisms obtain and utilize
energy. They also recognize that
organisms require energy to carry
out functions required for life.
(S11/12LT-IIbd-7 and S11/12LT-
IIbd-8)
SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Describe the difference between

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Explain the functions of various
cell structures/organelles
Enumerate structures unique to
plant cells/animal cells/bacteria
LET US LEARN!
THE CELL
The cell is a dynamic
machine.
It has parts that help to
carry out its functions.
THE CELL
A cell has three fundamental
parts:
The cytoplasm where the main

metabolic life activities take place,
the cell membrane which
surrounds the cytoplasm and the
nucleus where the genetic material
is located.
ACTIVITY:
YOU COMPLETE
ME!
YOU COMPLETE ME!
DIRECTIONS: Each group will be given a word
puzzle about the parts of the cell. They will
locate and encircle the parts of the cell in the
table below. After finding the parts of the cell,
they will correctly label the parts of the cell. The
group will be given 10 minutes to finish the
activity.
PARTS OF THE CELL
PARTS OF THE CELL 1. CELL MEMBRANE
• also called Plasma membrane
• It is a semipermeable membrane
which allows the entry of some
substances like water, oxygen,
and ions and prevents the entry
of others.
• Toxic or useless by-products of
metabolism can exit through it.
PARTS OF THE CELL
1. CELL MEMBRANE
The cell membrane functions as:

a. The boundary between the
cell and its external
environment.
b. As a structure that controls
the movement of
substances in and out of the
PARTS OF THE CELL 1. CELL MEMBRANE
• The cell membrane allows the
cell to change its shape when
needed.
• The cell wall is an additional
boundary aside from the cell
membrane, surrounding the
cells of plants, fungi, bacteria
and other protozoans.
PARTS OF THE CELL
1. CELL MEMBRANE
• It is made up of cellulose
which provides support and
protection from injury.
• Cellulose is a good source of
fiber in our diet.
2. CYTOPLASM PARTS OF THE CELL
• found inside the cell

membrane surrounding the
nucleus.
• It is made up of fluid like
substance where organelles
are located.
• It is composed of water,
salts, proteins, fats,
carbohydrates, and other
chemicals.
2. CYTOPLASM PARTS OF THE CELL
• t is the medium for chemical

reaction.
• It provides a platform upon which
other organelles can operate
within the cell.
• All of the functions for cell
expansion, growth and replication
are carried out in the cytoplasm of
a cell.
PARTS OF THE CELL
ORGANELLES FOUND IN
THE CYTOPLASM
PARTS OF THE CELL
a. Mitochondria
• often referred to as the

powerhouses of the cell
• main function is to
generate the energy
necessary to power
cells
PARTS OF THE CELL
a. Mitochondria
• the energy produced is

important for the vital
activities of cell, such
as growth and
reproduction.
PARTS OF THE CELL
b. Ribosomes
• ribosome is an
intercellular structure
made of both RNA and
protein, and it is the site
of protein synthesis in
the cell
PARTS OF THE CELL
b. Ribosomes
• he ribosome reads the

messenger RNA (mRNA)
sequence and translates that
genetic code into a specified
string of amino acids, which
grow into long chains that
fold to form proteins.
PARTS OF THE CELL c. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• are folded membranes that

divide the cell into
compartments.
• They serve as channels
through which the materials
are transported in the cell.
PARTS OF THE CELL
c. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• Its composition has two

components: the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum
(SER) and the rough
endoplasmic reticulum
(RER)
PARTS OF THE CELL
c. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• the SER is generally used for

the creation/ storage of
lipids and steroids, while
the RER plays a significant
role in the synthesis of
various proteins.
PARTS OF THE CELL
d. Golgi complex
• It serves as the
packaging factories
of the cell.
d. Golgi Complex PARTS OF THE CELL
• Golgi apparatus, or Golgi

complex, functions as a factory
in which proteins received from
the ER are further processed
and sorted for transport to their
eventual destinations:
lysosomes, the plasma
membrane, or secretion.
PARTS OF THE CELL
e. Lysosomes
• are spherical sacs that

contain powerful digestive
enzymes.
• they destroy bacteria and
other microorganisms that
invade the cell.
e. Lysosomes PARTS OF THE CELL
• they break down excess or

worn-out cell parts.
• If the cell is damaged
beyond repair, lysosomes
can help it to self-destruct
in a process called
programmed cell death, or
apoptosis.
PARTS OF THE CELL
f. Plastids
• are energy converters.

• they harvest solar energy and
produce food in the process of
photosynthesis
PARTS OF THE CELL
f. Plastids
• Plastids are pivotal

subcellular organelles that
have evolved to perform
specialized functions in plant
cells, including
photosynthesis and the
production and storage of
metabolites.

Bioenergetics

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Bioenergetics:

The learners shall be able to explain how cells

The learners shall be able to explain how

The learners describe how

Describe the difference between

The cytoplasm where the main

The cell membrane functions as:

• found inside the cell

• t is the medium for chemical

• often referred to as the

• the energy produced is

• he ribosome reads the

• are folded membranes that

• Its composition has two

• the SER is generally used for

• Golgi apparatus, or Golgi

• are spherical sacs that

• they break down excess or

• are energy converters.

• Plastids are pivotal

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