Asexual Reproduction

Continuity of LIF
E
How do living things
reproduce?
REPRODUCTIO
N
Reproduction is a process that ens
ures the survival of species. throu
gh it, organisms can pass their tra
its to their offspring. These traits a
re passed on regardless of the typ
e of reproduction involved.
REPRODUCTION
The ability of organisms to produce

their own kind.
How do plants
reproduce?
ANGIOSPERMS
 Flowering plants
FLOWERS
Reproductive parts of the flowering

plants
Two essential parts of a flower
ACCESSORY ORGANS
- not directly involved in reproduction.
- their function is to protect and attract
possible pollinators
REPRODUCTIVE PARTS
- Directly involved in reproduction
- Composed of stamen and pistil
Accessory Parts
PERIANTH
- Outer part of the flower
- Composed of corolla (made up of
petals which is composed of colorful
modified leaves in the flower
- Its bright colors attracts some insects
and birds for pollination
Accessory Parts
CALYX
- Made of sepals (modified leaves that
protect and enclose the flower
especially during the bud stage)
- Protect the inner part of the flower
Reproductive Parts
STAMEN (androecium)
- Male reproductive part of the flower
- Contains the anther and filament
ANTHER – contains the pollen grains

(have the sperm cell)
FILAMENT – holds the anther

Reproductive Parts
PISTIL (gynoecium)
- Female reproductive part of the flower
- Contains the stigma, style and ovary
STIGMA
– located at the tip of the pistil
- hairy part where pollen grains are received
- secretes sugary fluid to stimulate the
germination of pollen grains
STYLE
- Serves as bridge from the stigma to the
ovary
OVARY
- Where ovules are contained
OVULES
- Contain the egg cell
SEXUAL REPRODU
CTION IN PLANTS
POLLINATION
o The transfer of pollen grains from the
anther to the stigma.
o Classified as:
SELF-POLLINATION – same flower
CROSS-POLLINATION – transfer of pollen
grains from the anther of one flower to the
stigma of another flower. Only in flowers of
the same specie, and often need pollinators.
ASEXUAL REPROD
UCTION IN PLANTS
TUBER
RHIZOME
CORM
BULB
SUCKERS OR SPROUTS
RUNNER OR STOLON
4
ADVENTITIOUS BUDS
TUBER
o A swollen part of an underground stem
o It bears a number of nodes or eyes
o Each eye bears one or more buds
o New plants are produced from the buds
present in the eye
o Ex. Potatoes and Dahlias
RHIZOME
o An underground horizontal stem, where
each node gives rise to a new plant
o The plant uses the rhizome to store starch,
proteins, and other nutrients that are useful
when new shoots from
o Ex. Ginger
CORM
o A vertical underground stem
o It thickens as it continues to grow
o Plants can regenerate their corms
o Ex. Taro (gabi) is a plant that reproduces
by corms.
BULB
o A special bud that is thick and fleshy
o It serves as storage of food during the
period of dormancy to enable plants to
survive adverse conditions
o Ex. Onion and water hyacinths
SUCKER or SPROUTS
o Give rise to new plants
o Ex. Cherries and apples
RUNNER or STOLON
o A stem that grows below the ground,
forming adventitious roots at the nodes
and forming a new plant from the buds
o Ex. Strawberries and other grasses
ADVENTITIOUS BUDS
o Develop in some plants and are usually
dormant
o They grow into new plantlets when come
in contact with the soil
o Ex. Kataka-taka leaf
SEXUAL REPRODU
CTION IN ANIMALS
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Involves fusion of gametes from the

male and female organisms
The fusion of two gametes (egg and
sperm)
2 types of Sexual Reproduction in Animals
EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION
- Takes place outside the body
- Often occurs in aquatic environments,
where both sperm cells and egg cells
are released in the water
- Ex. Fishes, shrimps, crabs, oysters,
squids, sea urchins, and sea
cucumbers.
2 types of Sexual Reproduction in Animals
INTERNAL FERTILIZATION
- Takes place inside the body
- Occurs in terrestrial organsims
- 3 types:
o Oviparity
o Ovoviviparity
o Viviparity
• Oviparity – process of producing an
egg that is developed and hatched
outside the body.
• Oviparous animals include birds,
most reptiles, some fishes
o Ovoviviparity – producing an egg
inside the maternal body, wherein it
stays until it is ready to hatch
o Ex. Of Ovoviviparous animals
include sharks and skates.
o Viviparity – producing live young
from the mother’s womb
o Ex. Of viviparous animals includes
mammals, many reptiles, few fishes
TYPES OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION IN
MICROORGANISMS
AND ANIMALS
1 BINARY FISSION
2 BUDDING
3 FRAGMENTATION
4 REGENERATION
BINARY FISSION
A type of asexual reproduction wherein
the cell splits into two to produce two
identical offspring.
Example is bacteria and protist
BUDDING
The parent cell produces a bud on its surface
As the bud gets bigger, it pinches off from the parent
cell
Example is yeasts (produce 24 daughter cells) and
hydra.
FRAGMENTATION
An organisms splits into
fragments.
These fragments may develop
and mature into new organisms
with exact copy of their parent’s
genetic material.
Example are cyanobacteria
(blue-green algae), lichens, and
sponges.
REGENERATION
A special type of asexual reproduction
The process can replace an injured or
lost body part, such as those of sea
stars (star fishes).
 ex. Planaria (flatworms)

Asexual Reproduction

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Asexual Reproduction

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Continuity of LIF

The ability of organisms to produce

Reproductive parts of the flowering

ANTHER – contains the pollen grains

FILAMENT – holds the anther

Involves fusion of gametes from the

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