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    Cardiovascular Diseases: Don't Be A Victim

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    Ifedigbo-Ejidike Nwamaka
    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, responsible for 17.9 million deaths per year. CVDs refer to conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels such as heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension. Key risk factors include tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol misuse. Early detection of high blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipids can help identify those at risk so they receive treatment to prevent premature death. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and controlling risk factors is critical to prevention as 80% of heart attacks and strokes can be avoided.

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    Cardiovascular Diseases: Don't Be A Victim

    Uploaded by

    Ifedigbo-Ejidike Nwamaka
    47 views12 pages
    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, responsible for 17.9 million deaths per year. CVDs refer to conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels such as heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension. Key risk factors include tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol misuse. Early detection of high blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipids can help identify those at risk so they receive treatment to prevent premature death. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and controlling risk factors is critical to prevention as 80% of heart attacks and strokes can be avoided.

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    Cardiovascular Diseases

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    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, responsible for 17.9 million deaths per year. CVDs refer to conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels such as heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension. Key risk factors include tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol misuse. Early detection of high blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipids can help identify those at risk so they receive treatment to prevent premature death. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and controlling risk factors is critical to prevention as 80% of heart attacks and strokes can be avoided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    47 views12 pages

    Cardiovascular Diseases: Don't Be A Victim

    Uploaded by

    Ifedigbo-Ejidike Nwamaka
    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, responsible for 17.9 million deaths per year. CVDs refer to conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels such as heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension. Key risk factors include tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol misuse. Early detection of high blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipids can help identify those at risk so they receive treatment to prevent premature death. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and controlling risk factors is critical to prevention as 80% of heart attacks and strokes can be avoided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Cardiovascular Diseases

    Don't be a victim
    Introduction
    • CVDs are disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary
    heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease and
    other conditions.
    • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) take the lives of 17.9 million people
    every year, 31% of all global deaths.
    • Four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes.
    • Triggers of these diseases are tobacco smoking, unhealthy diet, physical
    inactivity and the harmful use of alcohol.
    • Individuals at risk of CVD may demonstrate raised blood pressure,
    glucose, and lipids as well as overweight and obesity. These can all be
    easily measured in primary care facilities.
    • Identifying those at highest risk of CVDs and ensuring they receive
    appropriate treatment can prevent premature deaths.
    Hypertension
    • Meaning elevated blood pressure: A condition in which
    the force of the blood against the artery walls is too
    high.
    • It is a serious medical condition that significantly
    increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney failure
    and blindness.
    • Of the estimated 1.13 billion people who have
    hypertension worldwide, fewer than 1 in 5 have it
    under control.
    • 85% of all CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and
    strokes.
    • Usually hypertension is defined as blood pressure
    above 140/90, and is considered severe if the
    pressure is above 180/120.
    • High blood pressure often has no symptoms. Over
    time, if untreated, it can cause health conditions,
    such as heart disease and stroke.
    • Eating a healthier diet with less salt, exercising
    regularly and taking medication can help lower
    blood pressure.
    Diabetes
    • Also called: diabetes mellitus
    • A group of diseases that result in too much sugar in the blood
    (high blood glucose).
    • MOST COMMON TYPES
    a. Prediabetes: A condition in which blood sugar is high, but not
    high enough to be type 2 diabetes.
    b. Type 1 diabetes: A chronic condition in which the pancreas
    produces little or no insulin.It typically appears in adolescence.
    c. Type 2 diabetes: A chronic condition that affects the way the
    body processes blood sugar (glucose).
    d. Gestational diabetes: A form of high blood sugar affecting
    pregnant women.
    Prediabetes
    • Also called: impaired glucose tolerance
    • A condition in which blood sugar is high, but not high
    enough to be type 2 diabetes.
    • Without intervention, it's likely to become type 2
    diabetes within 10 years
    • Many people with prediabetes have no symptoms
    • Progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes isn't
    inevitable. With lifestyle changes, weight loss and
    medication, it's possible to bring a blood sugar level
    back to normal.
    Type1 Diabetes
    • A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces
    little or no insulin.
    • It typically appears in adolescence.
    • Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent
    urination, hunger, fatigue, weight loss and blurred
    vision.
    • Treatment aims at maintaining normal blood sugar
    levels through regular monitoring, insulin therapy,
    diet and exercise.
    Type 2 diabetes
    • With type 2 diabetes, the body either doesn't produce enough
    insulin, or it resists insulin.
    • Very common
    • People may experience increased thirst, frequent urination,
    hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, poor wound healing, or weight
    loss
    • In some cases, there may be no symptoms.
    • Treatment consists of diet, exercise and antidiabetic
    medications
    • Self-care like physical exercise, quitting smoking, weight loss,
    nutrition counseling, diabetic diet, and dietary fiber are also
    helpful
    Gestational diabetes
    • Also called: diabetes during pregnancy
    • A form of high blood sugar affecting pregnant women because
    placental hormones can cause high blood sugar.
    • Those who develop gestational diabetes are at higher risk of
    developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
    • In most cases, there are no symptoms. A blood sugar test during
    pregnancy is used for diagnosis but people may experience
    excessive hunger or thirst, fatigue, frequent urination or yeast
    infection
    • Treatment strategies include daily blood sugar monitoring, a
    healthy diet, exercise and monitoring the baby. If blood sugar is
    too high, medication is required
    Hyperlipidemia
    (High blood cholesterol)
    • A condition in which there are high levels of fat
    particles (lipids) in the blood.
    • Examples of lipids include cholesterol and triglycerides.
    These substances can deposit in blood vessel walls and
    restrict blood flow. This creates a risk of heart attack
    and stroke.
    • Hyperlipidaemia doesn't cause any symptoms. The
    condition is diagnosed by routine blood tests,
    recommended every five years for adults.
    • Treatments include medication, a healthy diet and
    exercise.
    Prevention
    • 80% of premature heart attacks and strokes are
    preventable.
    • Healthy diet, regular physical activity, and not using
    tobacco products are the keys to prevention.
    • Checking and controlling risk factors for heart
    disease and stroke such as high blood pressure,
    high cholesterol and high blood sugar is also very
    important.
    •
    Conclusion
    • Cardiovascular diseases are killing more and more
    people around the world, striking rich and poor alike.
    • Those who survive a heart attack or stroke often need
    to take long-term medical treatment. These diseases
    can seriously affect the life of both the patient and his
    or her family. The effects can even reach beyond the
    family to the community.
    • Yet so many heart attacks and strokes could be
    prevented. That is why you should know your risks to
    avoid becoming a victim.

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