Fr. Ismael Cata-ag St.

, Ormoc City, 6541 Leyte, Philippines

Tel. No. (053)255-7597 Fax: (053) 255-3406
SY 2024-2025 School Theme:
“Benedictine Education: In the Spirit of Communion, Participation and Mission”

1. Which of the following is not an organic compound?

a. Water (composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms connected by
covalent bonds)
b. Carbon (composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms connected by
covalent bonds)
c. Sulfur (composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms connected by
covalent bonds)
d. Phosphorus (because it does not contain carbon)

2. Range of technologies that employ living organisms or parts of them to

make diverse products
a. Microbiology (branch of science that deals with microorganisms)
b. Biochemistry (the branch of science concerned with the chemical
and physico-chemical processes and substances that occur within
living organisms.)
c. Biotechnology (technology that utilizes biological systems,
living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different
products)
d. Biophysics (science of the application of the laws of physics to
biological phenomena)
3. What is the goal of generating the first sequence of human genome?
a. Human genome project (a landmark global scientific effort whose
signature goal was to generate the first sequence of the human genome.)
b. Exploration of the deep sea (Locating and mapping deep-sea coral
and sponge communities in the Sanctuary)
c. Development of artificial intelligence (focuses on enhancing the invention
of artificial intelligence
d. Commercial space travel (gain a new perspective to study Earth and
the solar system)
4. What is the ratio between the speed of light to crown glass?
a. 0.658
b. 1.97
c. 1.5
 d. 2.00x10^8
Explanation: The speed of light in crown glass is the speed of light in a vacuum
divided by the index of refraction of crown glass, which is 1.52. This works out to
1.97 times 10 to the 8 meters per second is the speed of light in crown glass
5. Which of the following is a homogenous solution?
a. Water (has equal concentration of the substances in it in every part of
the solution)
b. Blood (have non-uniform compositions and properties throughout
the solution)
c. Milk (have non-uniform compositions and properties throughout
the solution)
d. Sand (have non-uniform compositions and properties throughout
the solution)
6. What energy is involved when a power bank is connected to a
charging cellphone?
a. Kinetic energy (generate electricity through vibrations and movements)
7. What are complex macromolecules responsible for building and repairing
tissues and helping in metabolic processes?
a. Protein (It drives metabolic reactions, maintains pH and fluid balance, and
keeps the immune system strong. It also transports and stores nutrients
and can act as an energy source. Protein is crucial to good health)
8. What is used to determine if there is something wrong with the sequence
of nucleotides or how to know the location of gene?
a. Gene mapping (the process of determining the location of genes on
chromosomes)
9. Which of the following is an important factor in explaining why seasons occur?
a. Earth rotates on its axis (the earth's spin axis is tilted with respect to its
orbital plane. This is what causes the seasons. When the earth's axis
points towards the sun, it is summer for that hemisphere. When the earth's
axis points away, winter can be expected)
10. What is the longest cell in the body?
b. Nerve cell (called a neuron that is found in our nervous system)
11. Rate at which something occur or is repeated over a particular period of time
or the number of waves passing a specific point is called:
 c. Wavelength (the distance from one crest to another, or from one trough to
another, of a wave)
12. The magnitude of displacement is always:
b. Greater than the distance traveled (Displacement is always less than or equal to
the distance traveled, so it cannot be greater than the distance. if they are the same
direction, then their magnitude will be equal, however, if they have different
directions then displacement will be less than the distance)
13. What is the term that involves using relationships between reactants
and/or products in a chemical reaction?
a. Redox reactions (reactions that involve the transfer of electrons from
one species to another. The species that loses electrons is said to be
oxidized, while the species that gains electrons is said to be reduced.)
14. What is the field of chemistry that studies organic substances and compounds?
a. Organic chemistry (it is a field of chemistry tha focuses on
organic substances and compounds)
15. What is the energy currency of the cell?
a. Glucose (the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of
energy for the body's cells. Glucose comes from the foods we eat or the
body can make it from other substances.)
16. Medical biotechnology: ct scanners : nutritional biotech
d. endscopy (is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It
may also have a tool to remove tissue to be checked under a microscope for signs
of disease)

17. Incubation (B): The incubation period is the time between exposure to a pathogen
and the appearance of symptoms. This term is commonly used in medical contexts
to describe the period during which an infection is developing but not yet causing
noticeable symptoms.

18. Carbon (A): Carbon is the second most abundant element in the human body,
making up about 18% of the body's mass. It is a key component of all organic
molecules, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.

19. Genus (A): Zebras, horses, donkeys, and mules all belong to the same genus,
Equus. This classification indicates that they share a close evolutionary
relationship and have many similarities in their physical and genetic
characteristics.
20. Pasteurization (A): Pasteurization is a process that uses mild heat to kill harmful
bacteria in food and beverages, such as milk and juice, without significantly
affecting the taste or nutritional value. It was named after Louis Pasteur, who
developed the technique.

21. 430 degrees Celsius (A): Mercury, the closest planet to the Sun, can reach
temperatures of up to 430 degrees Celsius during the day when it is nearest to the
Sun. This extreme heat is due to its proximity to the Sun and lack of a significant
atmosphere to retain heat.

22. I and III (D): In radioactive decay, an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by
emitting ionizing particles and radiation (I). Additionally, this process can result in
a decay chain where an atom transforms into another type of atom (III). Stable
nuclei do not typically emit alpha and beta particles (II).

23. Digestion (C): Enzymes act as catalysts in the body, speeding up chemical
reactions such as hydrolysis, which is a key part of digestion. Hydrolysis breaks
down complex molecules into simpler ones that the body can absorb.

24. Triglyceride (B): Triglycerides are a type of fat that does not dissolve in water.
They are hydrophobic, meaning they repel water, which is why they form separate
layers when mixed with water.

25. Artificial ecosystem (A): An aquarium, pond, or zoo is considered an artificial

ecosystem because it is a human-made environment designed to mimic natural
ecosystems. These setups are managed and maintained by humans to support
specific plants and animals.

26. The primary function of science in the field of education is providing a source of
information (C): Science education aims to equip students with a comprehensive
understanding of the natural world. It provides factual information and evidence-
based knowledge about various phenomena, helping students develop critical
thinking skills and a scientific mindset. This foundational knowledge is essential
for informed decision-making and problem-solving in everyday life and various
professional fields.
27. C. Escape of steam thus building up pressure
Explanation: Keeping the pot tightly closed prevents the escape of steam, which helps
build up pressure inside the pot. This increased pressure raises the boiling point of
water, allowing food to cook faster and more efficiently, thus saving fuel.

28. D. Theories in science can be disproved by testing; a well-established theory can

be demolished with a single observation.
Explanation: Scientific theories are based on evidence and can be tested. If new
evidence contradicts a theory, it can be revised or disproved. This is a fundamental
aspect of the scientific method, emphasizing that scientific knowledge is always
subject to change based on new observations and evidence.

29. A. Biochemistry
Explanation: Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical
processes within and related to living organisms. It combines principles of biology
and chemistry to understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie various
biological functions.

30. A. Tundra
Explanation: The Sahara is a desert biome, characterized by its dry and arid
conditions. Similarly, the Arctic is a tundra biome, known for its cold and treeless
environment.

31. C. Protists
Explanation: Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms that can
exhibit characteristics similar to animals (protozoa), plants (algae), or fungi. They
are classified under the kingdom Protista.

32. A. Chloroplasts, cell wall, central vacuole, plasmodesmata, amyloplasts

Explanation: Plant cells have unique structures not found in animal cells, such as
chloroplasts (for photosynthesis), a rigid cell wall (for support), a large central
vacuole (for storage and maintaining cell turgor), plasmodesmata (channels
between plant cells), and amyloplasts (for starch storage).
33. Find the force of repulsion between +0.5 and +2 charges with a distance of 3 m.
A. 1.998 x 10^9 N
•Calculated by using Coulomb’s Law and found the closest value to our calculated
answer.
F = k×(q1×q2)/ r^2
F = (9 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2)×(0.5C× 2C)/(3 m)^2
F ≈ 1.998 x 10^9 N
B) 3 x 10^9 N
•This is a rough approximation.
C) 2.998 x 10^8 N
•This value is significantly lower than the correct answer.
D) 9.986 x 10^8 N
•This value is also incorrect.

34. Which statement on intensive farming or agriculture is correct?

A. It involves a relatively high input of labor
•Intensive farming can be labor-intensive, it's not the defining characteristic.
B. It is contrary to sustainable agriculture
•Intensive farming often involves practices that harm the environment, such as heavy use
of chemicals and depletion of natural resources. This contradicts the principles of
sustainable agriculture which focuses on environmentally friendly practices.
C. It helps solve environmental pollution
•Intensive farming practices can contribute to environmental pollution, rather than solving
it.
D. It supports environmental conservation
•Intensive farming often has negative impacts on the environment.

35. The following describes chemical change except:

A. A chemical change takes place when a solid is changed to liquid then to gas.
•This is a physical change, involving a change in state without altering the substance's
chemical composition.
B. For a chemical change to take place, heat, light, or electricity is either needed or given
off.
•This is true for chemical reactions, as energy is involved in breaking and forming bonds.
C. Examples of chemical changes are souring of milk, ripening of fruit, and digestion of
food.
•These processes involve chemical reactions that alter the substances involved.
D. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed.
•This is the defining characteristic of a chemical change.
36. Not all organisms are harmful. Which of these is done by yeast?
A. Encourage disease
•Yeast is not known to cause diseases.
B. Cause Yakult to be milky
•Yakult's milky appearance is due to the presence of live lactic acid bacteria, not yeast.
C. Cause milk to become cheese
•Cheese production involves the use of bacteria, not yeast.
D. Promote the rising of bread for baking
•Yeast is a type of fungus that undergoes fermentation, producing carbon dioxide gas that
helps bread rise.

37. The set of observable characteristics in an individual resulting from the

expression of genes is called:
A. Phenotype
•A phenotype refers to the physical and observable traits of an organism.
B. Genotype
•A genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, which is not directly
observable.
C. Genetics
•Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in organisms.
D. Genes
•Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific traits, but they don't directly represent
the observable characteristics.

38. Referring to the geological time scale, which is true?

A. We are presently in the Industrial Period
•The Industrial Period is a historical period, not a geological one.
B. The Quaternary Period is the youngest period
•This is correct, but it doesn’t specify the current epoch within the Quaternary Period.
C. We are presently in the Quaternary Period
•The Quaternary Period is the most recent geological period, encompassing the last 2.6
million years.
D. The Holocene epoch is the youngest period
•The Holocene epoch is part of the Quaternary Period, and it's not the entire period.

39. What energy transformation takes place in a generator?

A. Electrical to mechanical
•This is the opposite of what a generator does.
B. Heat to mechanical
•This is how a heat engine works, not a generator.
C. Mechanical to electrical
•A generator converts mechanical energy (like turning a turbine) into electrical energy.
D. Chemical to mechanical
•This is how a combustion engine works, not a generator
40. The following are examples of frequency counts except:
A. Cumulative
•This refers to the running total of frequencies
B. Grouped
•Data is categorized into intervals or ranges.
C. Ungrouped
•Data is presented as individual values.
D. Nominal
•Nominal data is categorical data, not numerical. Frequency counts involve numerical
data.

41. Genetic Engineering: Preventive medicine has stem

A. Regenerative medicine
•Regenerative medicine focuses on repairing damaged tissues and organs, often using
stem cells, which aligns with the concept of preventive medicine.
B. Alternative medicine
•This refers to non-traditional medical practices.
C. Preventive medicine
• Preventive medicine refers to the practice of promoting preventive health care to
improve patient well-being.
D. Holistic medicine
•This focuses on treating the whole person, mind, body, and spirit.

42. It is the process of determining the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule:

A. Gene mapping
•This involves locating genes on chromosomes.
B. Gene splicing
•This is a technique for manipulating DNA.
C. Gene ordering
•This is not a standard term in genetics.
D. Gene sequencing
•Gene sequencing is a laboratory technique that determines the order of nucleotides (A,
T, C, G) in a DNA molecule.

43. During periods of increased global temperatures, which of the following is most
likely to occur?
A. An increase in earthquakes
•There is no direct connection between global temperature and earthquake
B. A decrease in earthquakes
•There's no connection.
C. An increase in atmospheric CO2
•Warmer temperatures can lead to increased wildfires and decomposition of organic
matter, both of which release CO2 into the atmosphere.
D. A decrease in atmospheric CO2
•This is the opposite of what is likely to happen.
44.Where do we trace the El Niño phenomenon?
A. Rising ocean levels
•El Niño is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern tropical
Pacific Ocean. This warming often leads to changes in weather patterns globally,
including increased rainfall in some regions and drought in others.
B. Very severe earthquakes
•El Niño can influence weather patterns, it is not directly linked to earthquakes.
C. Annual changes in seasons
•Seasonal changes are a natural phenomenon and not specifically related to El Niño.
D. Thinning or depletion of the ozone layer
•Ozone depletion is a separate environmental issue unrelated to El Niño.

45.Which of the following organisms is used to convert milk to cheese?

A. Bacteria
•Bacteria, specifically lactic acid bacteria, are used to ferment the lactose in milk,
producing lactic acid that curdles the milk and forms cheese.
B. Viruses
•Viruses are not involved in cheese production.
C. Protozoa
•Protozoa are single-celled organisms that are not used in cheese making.
D. Algae
•Algae are not used in cheese production.

46. Orchid in the tree, birds building nests on trees, etc., are examples of:
A. Commensalism
•Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits, while the
other is neither harmed nor benefited. In these examples, the orchids and birds benefit by
using the tree, but the tree is not affected.
B. Parasitism
•In parasitism, one organism benefits (the parasite) while the other is harmed (the host).
C. Mutualism
•In mutualism, both organisms benefit from the relationship.
D. Competition
•In competition, two or more organisms compete.

47. A change in the DNA sequence of an organism may be due to radiation, etc.
This is called:
A. Mutation
•A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism.
B. Mutagen
•A mutagen is an agent that causes mutations, such as radiation or certain chemicals.
C. Metabolism
•Metabolism refers to the chemical processes within an organism to maintain life.
D. Evolution
•Evolution is a gradual process of change in populations over generations.
48. Which of the following is the correct order from least to greatest?
A. Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biome → Biosphere
•This sequence represents the increasing levels of biological organization, starting from a
single individual organism and progressing to the entire Earth's ecosystem.
B. Organism → Community → Population → Ecosystem → Biome → Biosphere
•This order is incorrect as a population is a group of organisms of the same species.
C. Population → Organism → Community → Ecosystem → Biosphere → Biome
•This order is incorrect as an organism is the individual unit.
D. Organism → Ecosystem→ Population → Biome → Biosphere
•This order is incorrect as a population is a group of organisms of the same species.

49. Factories and plastics companies contribute to more than half of:
A. Sulfuric acid
•Industrial processes can release sulfur dioxide, which can contribute to acid rain.
B. Greenhouse gases
•Industrial activities, especially those involving the burning of fossil fuels and the
production of plastics, release significant amounts of greenhouse gases like carbon
dioxide and methane.
C. Mercury in the environment
•Industrial activities can contribute to mercury pollution,
D. Carbon emission
•Carbon emissions are a significant environmental concern, they are not the only
greenhouse gas emitted by industries.

50. A. producer-consumer-predator

Explanation: This sequence illustrates the hierarchical structure of ecological

interactions: energy flows from producers to consumers, and then to
predators, reflecting the natural order of food webs.

51. C. Herbivore

Explanation: Herbivores are organisms that primarily eat plants. This includes
a wide range of animals, such as cows, sheep, and rabbits, which rely on plant
material for their energy and nutrients.

52. B. Relaxation

Explanation: as it does not directly involve a physiological mechanism for

maintaining homeostasis.

53. C. Water pressure is higher at the bottom.

Explanation: Water pressure increases with depth due to the weight of the
water above. The deeper you go, the more water there is pressing down,
which creates higher pressure.
54. C. Technology involves practical applications of scientific knowledge.

Explanation: Technology takes the theories and principles developed through

scientific research and applies them to create tools, devices, and processes
that solve real-world problems. While science provides the foundational
knowledge, technology translates that knowledge into practical solutions. This
relationship highlights how advancements in science can lead to new
technologies, and vice versa.

55. B. Gene splicing.

Explanation: This process involves cutting and joining DNA segments, allowing
a section of DNA from one organism to be inserted into the plasmid (a small
circular DNA molecule) of another organism. This is a common technique in
genetic engineering.

56. B. Protista.

Explanation: This kingdom includes a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms

that are primarily unicellular or simple multicellular. It encompasses protozoa
(unicellular organisms), algae (including seaweeds), and some molds.

57. B. Triglycerides.

Explanation: These are a type of fat found in the body and in food. They have
low melting points, especially if they are unsaturated fats, and they are
insoluble in water due to their long hydrocarbon chains. However, they are
soluble in non-polar solvents like ether.

58. A. Saccharide.

Explanation: This term refers to the basic unit or building block of

carbohydrates. Simple sugars, or monosaccharides (like glucose and fructose),
are the simplest forms of saccharides. Carbohydrates can also be
disaccharides (two monosaccharides) or polysaccharides (many
monosaccharides linked together).

59. C. Covalent.

Explanation: This type of bond is formed when two non-metals react by

sharing electrons. This sharing allows each atom to achieve a full outer shell of
electrons, resulting in a stable molecule.

60. A. Fluorescent lamps are improved through methods of manufacturing.

Explanation: This statement reflects a technological concept, as it pertains to

the application of scientific principles to create better products and improve
manufacturing processes.

61. C. The increased relative humidity makes them feel warmer.

Explanation: Just before it rains, the humidity levels rise significantly. High
humidity makes it harder for sweat to evaporate from the skin, which is the
body's natural cooling mechanism. As a result, people often feel warmer and
stickier.

62. C. Energy is released from fission.

Explanation: In a nuclear fission reaction, the nucleus of an atom (usually

uranium-235 or plutonium-239) is split into smaller nuclei, along with the
release of a significant amount of energy. This energy release is a fundamental
characteristic of nuclear fission.

63. C. Neutralization.

Explanation: This is the chemical reaction that occurs when an acid and a base
combine to produce water and a salt. The reaction typically involves the
hydrogen ions (H⁺) from the acid and the hydroxide ions (OH⁻) from the base,
resulting in the formation of water (H₂O) and a salt.

64. C. AgAuPt.

Explanation: This combination includes Silver (Ag), Gold (Au), and Platinum
(Pt). These are metals that do not play a significant role in biological systems
and are not essential for life.

65. A. Rising ocean level.

Explanation: Global warming leads to the melting of polar ice caps and
glaciers, as well as thermal expansion of seawater as it warms. This results in
rising sea levels, which is a widely predicted consequence of climate change.

66. A. Carl Linnaeus.

Explanation: His contributions greatly enhanced the scientific community's

ability to identify and classify living organisms systematically.

67. A. Leeuwenhoek - Lister - Pasteur.

68-84

85. Balance this equation: CaC2 + H.0 →Ca(OH): + CH.A. 1:1:1:1B. 2:1:1:2

C. 1:2:1:1—In this balanced chemical equation, the coefficient 1 is understood

to be present before CaC2. This means that one mole of CaC2 reacts with two
moles of H2O to produce one mole of Ca(OH)2 and one mole of C2H2.

D. 1:1:2:1
86.An object 2.0 cm high is placed 14.0 cm to the right of a convex spherical
mirror having a radius of curvature of 20.0 cm. The position and orientation of
the image are:

A. 5.83 cm to the left of the mirror; erect

B. 4.83 cm to the right of the mirror; erect

C. 5.83 cm to the right of the mirror; erect

D. 4.83 cm to the left of the mirror; erect

87. What is the formula for lithium hydrogen carbonate?

A. LIHCO2

B. LiHCO4

C. LIHCO

D. LIHCO3-The formu for lithium hydrogen carbonate.

88. Gases can be compressed because molecules are:

A. Always moving

B. Stationary

C. Small

D. Far apart—Gases can be compressed because their molecules are far apart,
allowing them to be squeezed closer together.

89. A bar magnet was broken into four equal parts. The total number of
magnetic poles existing in the four parts is:А. 6B. 2C. 8-Each broken part will
have two poles: a north pole and a south pole. So, four parts will have 4 * 2 =
8 poles

D. 4

90. When the polarization directions of two polarizing sheets are at an angle of
90° to each other, what happens?

A. There is a maximum transmission

B. No light gets through—When the polarization directions are perpendicular,
the light waves from one sheet are blocked by the other, resulting in no light
transmission.

C. Transmission is reduced by 50%

D. Transmission is reduced by 30%

91. •Earthquake vibrations are detected, measured, and recorded by

instruments called:

A. Sonographs

B. Seismographs—device used ro detect earthquakes

C. Richter scales

D. Magnetometers

92.What region around the North Pole has severely cold temperatures with ice
and snow continuously covering the area?

A. Tropic

B. Oceanic

C. Arctic—a region known to have a cold temperature located in North Pole

D. Antarctic

93. • If human twins develop from separate egg cells, they are:

A. Genetically identical

B. Genetically different—because each egg cells are scientificall different.

Fraternal twins develop from separate fertilized eggs, leading to genetically
distinct individuals.

C. Always of the same sex

D. Always of different sexes

94. A. They have cells organized into tissues and organs.

This is a characteristic of multicellular organisms, including animals and

plants.
95. C. One sperm cell fuses with an egg cell while another sperm cell fuses
with two polar nuclei to form endosperm.

This is the process of double fertilization in flowering plants.

96. C. Extinction

Extinction refers to the disappearance of an entire species.

97. B. Size

Resolution refers to the clarity or detail of an image, while magnification refers

to the increase in size of an image.

98. B. Massive transport - Diffusion and osmosis

Massive transport typically involves active transport processes, while diffusion

and osmosis are passive transport processes.

99. D. Insects

Insects have a respiratory system that allows them to obtain oxygen directly
from the air.

100. D. Metabolic life-sustaining machinery

Viruses lack the cellular structures and metabolic processes necessary for
independent life.

101. D. French fries

French fries are not a significant source of zinc or antioxidants.

102. C. Cell growth

Gibberellins stimulate cell elongation, leading to increased plant growth.

103-119
120. Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source?
a. Solar power (RENEWABLE-as long as the sun continues to shine, energy will be released.)
b. Wind energy (RENEWABLE-Wind turbines harness energy from the wind using mechanical power to spin a
generator and create electricity.)
c. nuclear energy (NON RENEWABLE- nuclear power uses up radioactive fuel)
d. Hydroelectric power (RENEWABLE- uses the energy of running water, without reducing its quantity, to
produce electricity.)

121. Which of the following components is essential for photosynthesis to occur in plants?
a. Chlorophyll (capture the light energy of the sun and convert water and carbon dioxide to produce
glucose and oxygen.)
b. Mitochondria (produce energy through cellular respiration.)
c. Ribosomes (protein synthesis)
d. Cell wall (acts as a skeleton for plants, protects the internal contents of the cell, and regulates cell
growth.)

122. Which part of a plant is primarily responsible for water absorption?

a. Stem (support leaves, flowers, and fruits. Stems are the main transportation routes of water from the roots
to the leaves.)
b. Leaf ( primary sites of photosynthesis)
c. Root (Essentially all of the water used by land plants is absorbed from the soil by roots.)
d. Flower (reproductive parts of most plants)

123. What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared between two atoms?
a. Ionic bond (a chemical bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom. )
b. Covalent bond (two atoms are sharing one pair of electrons, this covalent bond is called a single
bond.)
c. Metallic bond (are created when metal atoms lose their outermost electron to form positively charged
ions.)
d. Hydrogen bond (the interaction of a hydrogen atom with an electronegative atom, such as nitrogen,
oxygen, or fluorine from another molecule.)
124. Which of the following best describes an ecosystem?
a. A community of organisms interacting with one another.
b. The physical environment and its organisms.
c. The variety of species within a specific area. (COMMUNITY)
d. all the biotic and abiotic components interacting in a specific area. (is a community of
organisms and their physical environment interacting together.)

125. What process involves the transformation of liquid water into vapor?
a. Condensation (WATER VAPOR TO LIQUID)
b. Evaporation (LIQUID TO VAPOR)
c. Precipitation (any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the earth.)
d. Sublimation (SOLID TO WATER VAPOR)

126. What is the primary source of energy for the earth?

a. geothermal energy
b. wind energy
c. solar energy (Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth. The sun provides heat and light which
allow food to grow, some of which gets eaten directly, others decay to peat, coal, oil, etc.)

d. fossil fuels

127. Which of the following is a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?

a. Membrane-bound organelles (EUKARYOTIC)
b. Nucleus (EUKARYOTIC)
c. circular DNA (PROKARYOTIC)
 d. Larger size compared to eukaryotic cells (PROKARYOTIC CELLS ARE SMALLER)

128. Which biome is characterized by low temperatures, permafrost, and limited vegetation?
a. Desert (a region of land that is very dry because it receives low amounts of precipitation (usually in the form
of rain, but it may be snow, mist or fog)

b. Tundra (treeless regions found in the Arctic and on the tops of mountains, where the climate is cold
and windy, and rainfall is scant)

c. Tropical rainforest (a hot, moist biome where it rains all year long.)
d. Grassland (generally open and continuous, fairly flat areas of grass.)

129. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

a. Protein synthesis (RIBOSOMES)
b. energy production (MITOCHONDRIA)
c. modifying and packaging proteins (GOLGI APPARATUS)
d. DNA replication (NUCLEUS)

130. Which of the following is an example of a predator-prey relationship?

a. bees pollinating flowers (MUTUALISM)
b. a lion hunting a zebra (PREADTOR-PREY)
c. Trees providing shade to grass (COMMENSALISM)
d. a bird building a nest in a tree (COMMENSALISM)

131. Which of the following elements is a trace element required by the human body?
a. Carbon (This is a major building block of life and is found in large quantities in all living organisms. It is not
a trace element.)

b. Nitrogen (comprises 3% of the human body by mass. It is found in all organisms in molecules such as
amino acids)

c. Iron (Trace elements are essential chemical elements that exist in tiny amounts (less than 0.1%) within
the human body)

d. Oxygen (is the most common element in the human body by mass, comprising approximately 65.0% of
body mass.)

132. Which gas is produced as a by-product of cellular respiration?

a. Oxygen (BY-PRODUCT OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS)
b. carbon monoxide (The incomplete burning of any material containing carbon)
c. carbon dioxide (CELLULAR RESPIRATION)
d. Nitrogen (fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification.)

133. What is the main purpose of the respiratory system in humans?

a. circulate blood (CIRCULATORY SYSTEM)
b. exchange gases (RESPIRATORY SYSTEM)
 c. digest food (DIGESTIVE SYSTEM)
d. filter waste (URINARY SYSTEM)

134. Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body?
a. Kidney (remove waste from the blood and return the cleaned blood back to the body.)
b. Liver (detoxifies numerous toxins.)
c. Heart (pump blood and oxygen around the body and deliver waste products)
d. Lungs (make oxygen available to your body and remove gases like carbon dioxide.)

135. What is the process by which a liquid changes into a solid?

a. Evaporation (LIQUID TO WATER VAPOR)
b. Melting (SOLID TO LIQUID)
c. Freezing (LIQUID TO SOLID)
d. Condensation (WATER VAPOR TO LIQUID)

136. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

a. produce hormones (ENDOCRINE SYSTEM)
b. support and protect body organs (SKELETAL SYSTEM)
c. store nutrients (DIGESTIVE SYSTEM)
d. transport oxygen (CIRCULATORY SYSTEM)

136.What type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for stroing and transmitting genetic information.
D. Nucleic acids- function of nucleic acids involves the storage and expression of genomic information
A. Protein-are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
B. Carbohydrates-the body's main fuel source
C. Lipids- help control what goes in and out of your cells.
137.Which of the following describes the process of evolution
B. The gradual change in species over time
A. A change in organism behavior
C. The extinct of all species
D. The introduction of new species to an ecosystem
138.Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell
B. Mitochondrion -the powerhouse of the cell
A. Ribosome -as a micro-machine for making proteins
C. Lipids- help control what goes in and out of your cells.
D. Nucleic Acid- function of nucleic acids involves the storage and expression of genomic information
139.Which type of immunity developed through vaccination
B. Adaptive community- developed through vaccination
A. Innate immunity - the first response of the body's immune system to a harmful foreign substance
C. Passive immunity - immunity occurs when we are protected from a pathogen by immunity gained from
someone else.
D. Natural immunity - occurs when our own immune system is responsible for protecting us from a
pathogen.
140.What is the primary role of white blood cells in the immune system
C. Fight infections
A. Carry oxygen to tissues -red blood cells pick up and carry the oxygen
B. Clot blood-clumps of blood that have changed from a liquid to a gel
D. Produce hormones-Endocrine glands, which are special groups of cells, make hormones

141.Which of the following best describes a chemical reaction

B. Chemical reaction (is the interaction between two or more substances to form new products)
A. The process of breaking down food- metabolism
C. The movement of molecules from high to low concentration -Diffusion is defined as the net movement of
molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
D. The release of energy during cellular respiration - for ATP
142.Which type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis
D. All of the above
A. mRNA - messenger
B. tRNA- transfer
C. rRNA- ribosomal (carries out PS)
143.What is the primary function of the large intestine in the human digestive system
C. Absorption of water and gormation of feces
A. Absorption of nutrients - Digestion
B. Digestion of protein- protein digestion
 D. Secretion of digestive enzymes -secreted by the salivary glands and cells lining the stomach, pancreas,
and small intestine
144.Which process occur in the mitochondria of cells
B. Cellular respiration
A. Photosynthesis - plants
C. Protein synthesis - cells
D. DNA replication - chromosomes
145.Which of the following statements about enzymes is true
B. They speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy
A. They are consumed in the reaction they catalyze- they are not consumed
C. They are not affected by the temperature and pH - not affected
D. They work only in specefic concentration- they work in any concentration
146.What type of reproduction involves the fussion of gametes
B. Sexual reproduction is the type of reproduction that involves the fusion of gametes (Explaination-In
sexual reproduction, two gametes, one from a male and one from a female organism, unite to form a zygote,
or fertilized egg. The zygote then develops into an offspring that is genetically distinct from the parent
organisms.)
A. Asexual reproduction- no interaction of two organisms
C. Budding- process which produce another through the mother bud without sexual interaction.
D. Fragmentation- cloning process
147.Which of the following is not a characteristics of living organisms
C. Movement (Explaination-The ability to move is not a characteristic of all living organisms. While many
living things can move, like animals, protists, and bacteria, some living things, like plants and fungi, cannot)
A. Growth and development
B. Ability to respond stimuli
D. Ability to reproduce
148.Which type of cell division is responsible for growth and repair in the body.
A. Mitosis (is the type of cell division responsible for growth and repair in the body)
B. Meiosis - a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of
chromosomes in gametes
C. Binary fission - asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies.
D. Budding- process which produce another through the mother bud without sexual interaction.
149.Which of the following best describes the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
B. Absorb light energy (Explanation-absorbs energy from the Sun during photosynthesis. During
photosynthesis, chlorophyll plays a vital role in capturing light energy from the Sun. This light energy is
then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (a sugar) and oxygen
A. Absorb carbon dioxide- trees absorb CO2 to release oxygen
C. Converts glucose to energy - metabolic processes
D. Releases oxygen- trees release oxygen during photosynthesis