Emotional Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence
Introduction to Emotional Intelligence
The term emotional intelligence – also called emotional quotient or EQ – might sound complicated but it is
something anyone can develop. It has nothing to do with how smart you are – referred to as your intelligence quotient
or IQ – or how many facts you know. In short, EQ is a person’s ability to recognize and manage their emotions.
Emotional Intelligence is the ability to manage feelings so that they are expressed appropriately and effectively,
enabling people to work together smoothly toward common goals (Goleman, 1998).
An emotion is an inner realization or feeling of, for example, joy, anger, fear, or sadness. It can either occur
spontaneously or can be caused by a certain situation. Our emotions often influence our actions or reactions.
Emotions
• Emotions are an engagement to act and a tendency to do things. Goleman pointed out in his book the other
possible variances of emotions when one emotion combines with another like jealousy with sadness and fear.
• Emotions are attitudes or responses to a situation or an object like judgements (Zemach, 2001).
• Robert Plutchik theorized that emotions are multi-dimensional or having various intensities, identified these
as: adoration, ecstasy, anticipation, rage, disgust, grief, surprise and fear. Each of these eight basic emotions have
varying intensities starting with the most intense at the center with the most intense colors to the least intense
of emotions within that category.
Figure 1: Plutchik’s Wheel of emotions
• Goleman also refers to eight main families of emotions and their corresponding members.
Figure 2: Goleman 8 Families of Emotions

1. Anger – fury, outrage, resentment, wrath, exasperation, indignation, vexation, acrimony, animosity,
annoyance, irritability, hostility and to its extremes, hatred, and violence.
2. Sadness – grief, sorrow, cheerlessness, gloom, melancholy, self-pity, loneliness, dejection, despair and in
extreme depression.
3. Fear – anxiety, apprehension, nervousness, concern, consternation, misgiving, wariness, qualm, edginess,
dread, fright, terror, and in extreme, phobia and panic.
4. Enjoyment – happiness, joy, relief, contentment, bliss, delight, amusement, pride, sensual pleasure, thrill,
rapture, gratification, satisfaction, euphoria, whimsy, ecstasy and to its extreme, mania.
5. Love – acceptance, friendliness, trust, kindness, affinity, devotion, adoration, infatuation and agape.
6. Surprise – shock, astonishment, amazement, and wonder.
7. Disgust – contempt, disdain, scorn, abhorrence, aversion, distaste, and revulsion.
8. Shame – guilt, embarrassment, chagrin, remorse, humiliation, regret, mortification, and contrition.
Components of Emotional Competencies

Intelligence
1. Self-awareness 1. Emotional Self-awareness – where you can interpret and identify your
emotions as well as acknowledge their effect on your work performance
and relation with others.
2. Self-confidence – where you have a strong and positive sense of self-
worth.
3. Accurate self-awareness – where you are aware of your strengths and
weaknesses.
2. Self-management 1. Self-control – ability to keep troublesome emotions and impulses
under control.
2. Adaptability – flexibility to adjust to changing situations and
overcome challenges.
3. Transparency – which is to uphold standards of honesty, integrity and
manage yourself and responsibilities.
4. Achievement – guiding determination to attain internal standards of
excellence.
3. Social Awareness 1. Empathy – being sympathetic to others and take an active concern in
their problems.
2. Service Orientation – acknowledging and granting customer’s needs.
3. Organizational Awareness – ability to interpret the flow of the
company, build networks and sail across the politics.
4. Relationship Management 1. Visionary Leadership – you can inspire and lead individuals and
groups.
2. Conflict Management – you are able to resolve disagreements and
develop resolutions.
3. Build Connection/ Bonds – ability to further and maintain a
relationship with others.
4. Develop others – strengthen and support abilities of others through
feedback and guidance.
5. Teamwork and Collaboration – encourage cooperation and build
teams.
6. Change Catalyst – ability to introduce new ideas and lead others to a
new direction.
7. Influence – ability to implement convincing strategies with integrity
through clear and listening and communicating skills.
Practical Ways to Develop your Emotional Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence can be learned and developed. The ability to stay calm and in control in difficult
situations is highly valued by the people around you.
1. Observe how you react to people – Judging someone or a situation without getting all the facts is not
an EQ quality. Look honestly and how you think and interact with other people. Try to put yourself in
their place and be more open in accepting their perspectives and needs.
2. Look at your school setting – Humility is a wonderful trait and it does not mean you are shy or you
lack self-confidence. When you do no seek recognition for work done, being humble means you know
your work and can be silently confident about its value and quality. An individual with high EQ will
choose to give others a chance to shine and not get praise for himself.
3. Do a self-evaluation – Discover your weaknesses. No one is perfect being open to the fact that there
are still areas that you can improve on that can make you a better person. By having the courage to look
at yourself honestly, you can transform your life.
4. Be accountable for your actions – If you offend or hurt someone’s feelings, you must apologize.
5. Record your emotional response to events – Take time to recognize how you feel about experiences.
It is important in improving your EQ.
6. Listen to your body – Be alert to the physical symptoms of your emotions. Our minds and bodies are
not detached and influence each other extremely. Raising your EQ would involve knowing the physical
signs that gives hints of the emotions you are experiencing.
7. Monitor how your emotions and behavior are linked – Listen to your instinctive reactions to
situations you encounter every day instead of just responding without any thought.
8. Refrain from judging your emotions – All the emotions you have are legitimate even the negative
ones. When you judge your emotions, you will prevent your ability to completely feel, making it harder
to use your emotions for positive behavior.
9. Notice patterns in your emotional past – It is one way to pick up things about your own feelings and
how they are associated with your experience.
10. Relate with other people – Being open minded and agreeable are traits of a high EQ. No one wants
to deal with a person who always contradicts or is negative about everything.
11. Improve your empathy skills – Empathy means being able to know how other people are feeling and
responding to them accordingly.
12. Study people’s body language – Try to read between the lines of what and how people say things
and identify their true feelings by watching their facial expressions and another body language.
13. See the effect you have on others – Another half of EQ is understanding the effect you have on
other people.
14. Practice being emotionally honest – If you say you’re alright and have a frown on your face, you are
not communicating honestly.
15. Be more light-hearted at home and at school – When you’re positive, it is easier to see the beauty
in life and that will pass on those around you. Optimism results in emotional well-being and greater
opportunities. People want to be around an optimistic person.

Emotional Intelligence

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Emotional Intelligence

Introduction to Emotional Intelligence

Figure 1: Plutchik’s Wheel of emotions

Figure 2: Goleman 8 Families of Emotions

6. Surprise – shock, astonishment, amazement, and wonder.

7. Disgust – contempt, disdain, scorn, abhorrence, aversion, distaste, and revulsion.

Components of Emotional Competencies

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