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Class of 2022
CE 103
CURVES

Start Here

Start Here
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Introduction
Learning has to be interactive. I am not an
actor on stage rather a teacher among the
brightest students of Bangladesh.

Name:
SAIDIS SALEKIN ANINDA

E-mail: [email protected]
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General Instructions*
1. Kindly use a single notebook for the entire course. Do not forget to bring your
notebook to the class.
2. You are allowed to take notes on Tabs and Ipads but kindly refrain from using
mobile phones during class hours.
3. Kindly bring your calculators to every lecture.
4. Sudden tests and group assignments will account for CT marks. No traditional
CT will be held.
5. You are only allowed to seat for additional class tests in case of medical
emergency.
6. In case of any confusion after the lecture, I will arrange for a weekly consultation
hour.
7. If you feel distracted during the class, request a short break.
8. Kindly participate in the class as much as possible to make the learning
meaningful.
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CE 103: Course Plan

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Table of Contents.
Introduction to CURVES

Introduction to CURVES ● What and why of CURVES. Types, Factors etc.

SIMPLE CURVE ● Definition, notation, designation and

elements of simple curve

CURVE SETTING: LINEAR ● By ordinates or offsets from long chord

CURVE SETTING: ANGULAR ● By Rankine’s method

TRANSITION CURVE ● A little bit of everything

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#1
CURVES!
WHAT WHY WHERE
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What
1. Curves are regular bends
provided in the lines of
communication like
roads, railways etc. and
also in canals to bring
about the
gradual
change of direction.

2. Those curves that

change the alignment or
direction are known as
horizontal curves, and
those that change the
slope are vertical
curves.
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WHY
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Why
1. Safety: Curves help manage the speed of vehicles, especially in hilly or
mountainous areas, reducing the likelihood of accidents by controlling the
trajectory and speed.
2. Comfort: Gentle curves improve driving comfort by providing a smooth transition
between straight sections of the road, minimizing sudden changes in direction.
3. Terrain Adaptation: Curves allow roads to follow the natural contours of the terrain,
reducing the need for extensive excavation, filling, or tunneling, making the
construction process more efficient and cost-effective.
4. Aesthetics: Curves enhance the visual appeal of a road, creating a more pleasing
and natural-looking environment, which can improve the driving experience.
5. Space Utilization: Curves allow for better use of available land, particularly in areas
with constraints such as urban environments, where straight roads might not be
feasible due to existing structures or property boundaries.
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WHERE
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TYPES
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Simple Curve
A simple curve consists of a single arc of a circle connecting two straights. It
has radius of the same magnitude throughout.
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Compound Curve
A compound curve consists of two or more simple curves having different
radii bending in the same direction and lying on the same side of the common
tangent. Their centers lie on the same side of the curve.
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Reverse Curve
A reverse or serpentine curve is made up of two arcs having equal or different
radii bending in opposite directions with a common tangent at their junction.
Their centres lie of opposite sides of the curve.
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#2
SIMPLE CURVE
DEFINITION DESIGNATION ELEMENTS
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Simple Curve
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NOTATION
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NOTATION
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NOTATION
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NOTATION
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DESIGNATION
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DESIGNATION
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ELEMENTS
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ELEMENTS
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PROBLEMS
1. Given the following elements of a circular curve: middle ordinate = 2 m;
length of long chord = 70 m. Find its degree of curve, use arc basis.

2. The angle of intersection of a circular curve is 36° 30'. Compute the radius if
the external distance is 12.02 m.

3. The angle of intersection of a circular curve is 45° 30' and its radius is
198.17 m. PC is at Sta. 0 + 700. Compute the right angle offset from Sta. 0 +
736.58 on the curve to tangent through PC
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HINTS

Figures for problem 1, 2 and 3

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By Offsets From the Long Chord

Direct Demonstration
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By Offsets From the Long Chord

Two tangents AB and BC intersect at a point B at 250.5 m chainage. Calculate
all the necessary data for setting out a circular curve of 200 m radius and
deflection angle 30o by the method of offsets from the long chord.
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Two tangents AB and BC intersect at a point B at 250.5 m chainage. Calculate

all the necessary data for setting out a circular curve of 200 m radius and
deflection angle 30o by the method of offsets from the long chord.
Chainage at B = 250.5 m φ = 30O

A C
O

R = 200 m
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Step 1:Calculate Tangent Length = ?

Step 2: Find chainage at A= ?

Step 3: Calculate Length of Curve=?

Step 4: Find chainage at C=?

Step 5: Calculate long chord=?

Step 6: Calculate mid ordinate=?

Step 7: Bisect the long chord and take 5 m offsets (which is x). Offsets will start from Point O and

move towards Point A. So, the last interval may not be exactly 5 m.

Step 8: Use formula Ox = 𝑅 2 − 𝑋 2 - (R – Mid ordinate), where x = 5m, 10m, 15m …..