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    Math 9

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    elvista4504
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    Math 9

    Uploaded by

    elvista4504
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    For review activity only

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    math 9

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    Math 9

    Uploaded by

    elvista4504
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    MATHEMATICS by: Darlene:p

     tan θ = o/a
    Fourth Quarter: Triangle
    Trigonometry  csc θ = h/o
     sec θ = h/a
    Lesson 1: The Six Trigonometric Ratios:  cot θ = a/o
    Sine, Cosine, Tangent, Secant, Cosecant,
    and Cotangent Notice that the last three ratios are the
    Lesson 2: Trigonometric Ratios of Special reciprocals of the first three ratios.
    Angles Applying algebra shows the connection
    between these functions.
    The Six Trigonometric Ratios: Sine,
    Cosine, Tangent, Secant, Cosecant,  csc θ = � =
    ℎ 1 1
    = ��� θ
    �
    and Cotangent ℎ
    Consider the right triangle ABC below. In ℎ 1 1
    this triangle, we let θ represent ∠B.  sec θ = � = � = ��� �
    ℎ
    Then the leg denoted by a is the side � 1 1
    adjacent to θ, and the leg denoted by b  cot θ = � = � = ��� �
    �
    is the side opposite to θ.
    Showing a formula for the Missing
    A Parts of a Right Triangle
    Example 1. S P
    T
    53°
    c p
    b
    t = 12

    θ
    S
    C
    c B
    a a. Solve for s in the figure above.
    Solution: ∠P is an acute angle, t is the
    SOH - CAH - TOA is a mnemonic used for hypotenuse, s is the adjacent to ∠P. Use
    remembering the equations. CAH, that is
    where: o = opposite cos θ = a/h
    a = adjacent cos P = s/t
    h = hypotenuse cos 53° = s/t
    s = 12 cos 53°
     sin θ = o/h b. Solve for p in the figure above.
     cos θ = a/h
    Solution: ∠P is an acute angle, t is the The calculator gives 54°27’36”, or 54°28’.
    hypotenuse, and p is the opposite side of (nearest minute)
    ∠P. Use SOH, that is
    sin θ = o/h Solving a Right Triangle
    sin P = p/t Example:
    Triangle BCA is right-angled at C. If c=
    sin 53° = p/12 23 and b = 17, find ∠A, ∠B, and a.
    p = 12 sin 53° Express your answers up to two decimal
    places.
    Solution: Sketch a figure.
    Using the Calculator to Find
    Trigonometric Ratios a. Side b is the adjacent side of ∠A; c is
    a. Finding a ratio given the angle the hypotenuse of right triangle BCA. Use
    CAH, that is
    Example: To find the value of sin 38°,
    ensure that your calculator is operating cos θ = a/h
    in degrees.
    Solution: cos A = b/c
    cos A= 17/23
    Press sin 38 = 0.615661475 cos A = 0.7391
    The calculator should give sin 38° = 0.616, Use a calculator to find an angle whose
    correct to three decimal places. cosine value is 0.7391. USing a scientific
    calculator, A = 42.340°
    b. Finding an angle given the ratio
    Example: sin θ = 0.725, find θ to the b. Since in part (a), it was already found
    nearest minute
    Solution: ∠A = 42.34° then
    Press 2ndF sin 0.725 ∠B = 90° - 42.34°

    46.46884783 c. Using a Pythagorean Theorem:


    = a2 + b2 = c2
    To convert this to a2 + (17)2 = (23)2
    degree/minutes/seconds mode, a2 + 289 = 529
    Press 2ndF D°M’S a2 = 529 - 289
    a2 = 240
    The calculator gives you 46° 28’ (nearest a = 240
    minute) a = 15.49
    c. Degrees and Minutes Try This Out!
    Example: Write 54. 46° in degree and Use the given figure to solve the
    minutes, giving an answer correct to the remaining parts of right triangle ACB.
    nearest minute. B
    Solution:
    c
    a
    Press 54.46° 2ndF D°M’S
    A
    C
    b
    1. b = 17 cm and c = 23 cm Example: Find the length of the indicated
    2. c = 16 and a = 7 side.
    3. b = 10 and c = 20 8
    4. b = 6 and c = 13
    5. c = 13 and a =12
    45° 45°
    Trigonometric Ratios of Special m
    Angles
    m= 2·8=8 2
    45° hypotenuse
    (leg times 2) b.
    leg
    45°
    45°
    3 3
    leg r
    45°
    45° - 45° - 90° Right Angle Theorem
    In a 45° - 45° - 90° triangle, r= 2·3 2=6
     the legs are congruent;
     The length of the hypotenuse is 2 c.
    times the length of a leg

    hypotenuse = 2 leg
    Shorter
    leg hypotenuse
    (opposit (2 times the shorter leg) 9 = t 3 (the longer leg = 3 shorter
    e the
    leg)
    30°
    9 3 9 3
    angle) t= 3
    · 3
    = 3
    =3 3
    longer leg (opposite the 60° angle and its
    length is shorter leg times 3) s = 2t (hypotenuse = 2 shorter leg)
    s = 2 · 3 3 = 6 3 (substitute 3 3 to t)
    30° - 60° - 90° Right Angle Theorem
    In a 30° - 60° - 90° triangle,
     the length of the hypotenuse is twice
    the length of the shorter leg
     the length of the longer leg is 3
    times the length of the shorter leg

    hypotenuse = 2 shorter leg


    longer leg = 3 shorter leg

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