A World of Ideas and exchange of intellectual, cultural, and moral concepts on a global scale, na kung

Learning outcomes kayat mas nagkakaroon pa tayo ng interconnectedness and understanding among
• Analyze how various media drive various forms of global integration. diverse countries and individuals)
• explain the dynamic between local and global cultural production; and
• how globalization affects religion. • It refers to the vast and interconnected network of thoughts, concepts, and
creative expressions shared globally through various means, such as the internet,
Introduction social media, and digital communication.
• We all know that globalization is the process of increasing economic Explanation:
interdependence among nations and it is reflected in the growth of the cross-border meaning yung world of ideas is the huge collection of generated thoughts from the
trade in goods and services. However, Ideas also flow across borders just like goods mind of people from all over the world and that it is shared through diverse channels
and services and their globalization is well underway. For example, from the Ireland kagaya ng internet, social media, and digital communication and that yung essence
to US, people are trading ideas and everyone benefits from them. nito is yung boundless exchange of human thoughts leading to the acceleration of
Explanation: globalization in such a way of exchanging information, culture, and collaboration on
This basically explains that globalization allows us to be more connected with other a global scale.
countries even though we have diverse cultures and that nangyayare ito not just with • These Ideas have been always an integral part of globalization. All of the changes
the trade of tangible materials but also with Ideas kagaya ng widespread of different in our surroundings were brought by our ideas.
cultures, concepts and many more. but here mayroon tayong specific example. so Explanation:
paano ito nangyayare, how come ideas can also be trade? like for instance, people in this signifies na yung mga nagegenerate na ideas or thoughts are the fundamental
the Ireland exchange ideas with the people in the US , like in terms of negotiation and part of globalization dahil nga sa idea nagmumula yung mga complex innovations and
agreements at the governmental level, in order for Irish people to thrive and theories na meron tayo ngayon, kumbaga ito yung punot dulo ng lahat or the catalysts
maovercome yung kahirapan kase hindi sila nagdedevelop before agriculturally kase for the interconnected world we live in today.
walang resources sa kanilang bansa,but they generated an idea na kung saan ang idea
na yun ang isa sa mga dahilan na kung kayat mas lumalaganap pa ang globalisasyon
ngayon , at yung idea na yun ay ang establishment ng Free Trade Zone o Shannon Global Media Culture
free zone, na kung saan yung zone na ito is borderless means anyone is allowed Definition of terms
mapalocal man o foreign is pwede silang magimport or export ng mga product dito What is Media?
or magtayo ng corporation ng walang binabayarang tax o customs duty, at somehow It refers to the communication channels through which we disseminate news,
nagustuhan ng US yung Idea na yun kung kayat nagtayo din sila ng kanilang mga music, movies, education, promotional messages, and other data.
headquarters don like Apple, Google, Microsoft, at marami pang iba. at nakatulong Explanation:
talaga yun sa ekonomiya and sa ngayon there are already 170 companies ang naitayo technically speaking, pagsinabing media it is the medium of communication between
sa zone na to ireland, sa kasalukuyan sila na ang pinakamayamang bansa in terms or two people. actually the term media is the plural of the word medium or ways to
PPP or purchasing power parity, at yung mga nabanggit na ideas na magenerate mg communicate information kagaya ng print media, broadcasting media, and digital
ireland ang isa sa nagpapatuloy sa globalisasyon na meron tayo ngayon media

A world of ideas What is Culture?

• The transmission of ideas, meanings, and values around the world in such a way It can be defined as all the ways of life including arts, beliefs, and institutions of a
as to extend and intensify social relations. population that are passed down from generation to generation.
Explanation: Explanation:
meaning ito yung global dissemination of thoughts, significance, and principles na for additional information, culture has been called as the way of life in the entire
kung saan nagkakaroon ng widespread of ideas that results in broadening and society, meaning to say it is the way how people do things and ofcourse different
deepening of interpersonal connections across the world. It encapsulates the sharing groups may have different cultures and it can be seen through people's writing,
religion, music, cuisines, arts, rituals, and everything they do.) (remember that • Lule described media as a "means of conveying something, such as channel of
culture are what made countries unique, each countries have different cultural communication."
activities) Explanation:
technically speaking, person's voice is a medium however when commentators refer
Global Media Culture to the term media, the plural of medium, they mean about technologies of mass
• Global media culture explores the relationship between the media, culture, and communications for example mga print media, broadcasting media as well as the
globalization. It is the mass communication on a global level. Allowing people digital media
across the world to share and access the same information.
Explanation: Classifications of media
Meaning yung Global media culture involves how the media, like TV, the internet, and • Print Media (books, magazines, and newspapers)
movies, connects with culture worldwide due to globalization. kumbaga, It's about • Broadcast Media (television, radio, film, and movies)
how information is spread globally, letting people from different places share and • Digital Media (It covers the internet and mobile mass communication)
access the same content. It's like the global conversation we have through media.
• Globalization entails the spread of various cultures. (while it is relatively easy to define the term media, it is more difficult to determine
Explanation: what media do and how it affect societies)
this basically means na sinasangkot ng globalization yung widespread ng ibat ibang
cultures for example pag yung film or movie is made from hollywood, it is shown not Marshall McLuhan once declared that "the medium is the message."
only in the united states but also in other countries across the globe. Another one, is Explanation:
yung widespread naman ng Hangul or yung korean language ngayon although hindi si marshall mcluhan, he is a media theorist, and according to him, the medium is the
pa tayo nakakapunta ng south korea (may asawa na agad tayo dun) natututo tayo ng message, so anong ibig niyang sabihin dito? so you have to take note that he did not
mga certain words or language nila nang dahil na rin yun sa widespread ng mean that ideas or the messages are useless and do not affect people rather his
globalization. statement was an attempt to draw attention to how media reshaped societies, okay
• Globalization also involves the spread of Ideas. did you get my point? in consequence
Explanation:
what do we mean by this, for example the view on lgbt community is spreading across Television is not a simple bearer of messages; it also shapes the social behavior of
the world and it becoming more widely accepted. another is yung sa migration, users and reorient family behavior.
malaki din yung natutulong ng migration sa pagspread ng ibat ibang ideas, for Explanation:
example, people who travel the globe who teach and preach their beliefs in kailan ba nainvent ang television, diba it was around 1920s, so since it was introduced
universities, churches, and many more. so they play a role in spreading idea and in that particular years, television has steered people from the dining table where
cultures.) ( but you know what in today's generation, nang dahil sa advent ng internet, they eat and tell stories to each other, i think most of us is makakarelate im not sure,
television, social media and many more mas naging convenient para satin ang pero kase common practice na talaga ito sating mga filipino na sabay sabay kumakain
makaaccess ng information and that it is easier na din para sa mga advocates to reach with our family habang nanonood ng tv, so talagang malaki ang influence ng television
larger audience para maishare ang kanilang mga ideas in shaping the social behavior of individuals and reorient family behavior, lalo na
• Globalization relies on media as its main conduit for the spread of global culture. before nong hindi pa masyadong techy as now kase it is undeniable na sa cellphone
Explanation: tayo mas nakatutok.
this means na dumedependa ang globalization sa media as ito yung primary way to
spread a certain culture globally kase ito yung pinakamadaling way to reach a larger Smartphone allows users to keep in touch instantly with multiple people at the
audience across the globe. same time.
Explanation:
Media and its function so, it is very convenient na talaga satin yung communication due to the advancement
of our technology consider the effect of internet on relationships, lalo na sa advent
ng internet is marami tayong mas nakilalang mga friends and nakakausap natin yung actually yung continuous cultural exchange is inevitable or hindi talaga yan maiiwasan
mga loved ones natin kahit nasa malayo unlike before na yung mode of as long as nageexist ang globalization, as long as may connection ang bawat countries,
communication was by means of letter na as in sumusulat talaga tapos ipapadala sa it will always be possible to have a cultural exchange, for example yung
pagbibigyan however it takes a lot of time bago pa man mareceive yung letter na yun pagkahumaling ng karamihan sating mga pinoy sa mga kpop or kdramas before hindi
unlike today na instant na lahat.) (so remember this, the technology and not the pa naman siya advent satin but because of globalization and ofcourse with the
message makes for this social change possible okay existence of media naadapt narin dito sa pilipinas at kung mapapansin natin may mga
culture talaga tayo na originally galing sa ibang bansa like in terms of cuisine, yung
Marshall McLuhan added that different media simultaneously extend and adobo and lechon is spanish-inspired dishes tlga yun na dinala ng mga spaniards nong
amputate human senses. New media may expand the reach of communication, but silay narito pa sa ating bansa
they also dull the user's communicative capacities.
Explanation: • Global media promotes a restructuring of cultural and social communities.
this idea suggests po na ang media can both enhance and limit our senses. New media Explanation:
can extend our ability to communicate over long distances, like the internet okay yung media such as yung press, radio, and yung tv. they have been very
connecting people globally. However, they can also reduce our ability to engage in important institutions for the formation of national communities)
face-to-face, in-depth communication, potentially making us less effective in those • Global media supports the creation of new communities.
personal interactions dahil nga sa pwedeng magkaroon ng misinterpretation or a lack Explanation:
of emotional depth due to the absence of visual and auditory cues. (for example, the internet, it does not only facilitates communication across the globe
but also it supports the formation of new communities on which members can
The media have a very important impact on cultural globalization in two mutually interact with each other)
interdependent ways; • The common point of departure is the assumption that a series of
1. It provides an extensive transnational transmission of cultural production, and international media constitutes a global cultural supply in itself and serves
Explanation: as an independent agency for cultural and social globalization, in which
so for example for this is the satellite tv in which you can use the ads or entertainment cultural communities are continuously restructured and redefined.
in order to promote your product globally.) Explanation:
2. they contribute to the formation of communicative networks and social (In other words, media cultures take part in the process of globalization including how
structures. (Hijarvard, 1999) they challenge existing cultures and create new and alternative symbolic and cultural
Explanation: communities)
so ano nga ba yung communicative networks? so communicative networks are like
the web of connections we have with people, pwede syang relationship of
circumstances na kung saan we formed connections because of where we live in or
work, such as neighbors, classmates, coworkers, and others na nakakainteract natin
due to our surroundings and relationship of choice, whereas we make relationships
based on our own preference such as friends or partners. Essentially, the media helps
us form these networks and connect with various social structures such as churches,
governments, companies, and non profit organization, making the world a more
interconnected place.

Global Media cultures create a continuous cultural exchange, in which crucial

aspects such as identity, nationality, religion, behaviorial norms and way of life are
continuously questioned and challenged.
Explanation:
The globalization of religion • Nirvana is a state of perfect peace in which the soul would be free from suffering
What is globalization? forever. It would escape from the cycle of rebirth. If nirvana is not achieved, then
It is the interconnectedness and interdependence among countries and it is also the soul would be reborn to live through the cycle of suffering again.
exchanging of products, goods, and services among countries. explanation
In buddhism po, bali yung goal is to end the suffering na kumbaga ineemphasize ng
What is religion? mga buddhist yung tradition na masurpass yung limitation ng kanilang sarili by
It is the belief in a God or in a group of Gods and it is an organized system of beliefs, attaining Nirvana, which is ito yung state of perfect peace where the soul is freed from
ceremonies, and rules used to worship a God or a group of Gods. (pero if we will be suffering forever, and that maeescape na nila yung cycle of rebirth. so, If Nirvana is
defining religion nowadays, maituturing na natin siyang symbolic system which not achieved, mabubuhay sila ulit, which is subject to the cycle of suffering once
carries our identity and marks out social or ethic and other boundaries as well as it more.
provides a powerful mechanisms for psychological and social tension)
Judaism
Five Major World Religions • The Hebrew leader Abraham founded Judaism in Mesopotamia around 1300 B.C.
Hinduism • Judaism is the oldest of the monotheistic faiths (religions with one God).
Buddhism Jews believe that there is a single God (Yahweh) who not only created the universe,
Judaism but with whom every Jew can have an individual and personal relationship.
Christianity • They believe in heaven, but that God determines where they go after life on earth.
Islam • Ten Commandments is the basic code of law.
• The most holy Jewish book is the Torah (the first five books of the Christian Bible).
Hinduism It includes Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
• Hindus believe that the goal of life is to explanation
realize that your atman is the same as brahman and thereby reach moksha, or Emphasizes the belief in one God (Yahweh), the importance of individual and
liberalization. personal relationships with God, adherence to the moral code of the Ten
• Hindus believe in reincarnation and karma. Commandments, and the centrality of the Torah as the most sacred text.
• The caste system is system of social organization in India.
explanation Christianity
Meaning to say po, In Hinduism, the main goal of life is to understand that your inner • Founded by Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 33 in Palestine in the city
self is connected to a divine power called Brahman. When you realize this connection, of Jerusalem. It was after his death when his followers came to believe in him as
it leads to a state of ultimate freedom called Moksha, where you don't have to be the Christ, the Messiah.
born again. Hindus also believe in the idea of karma, where your actions have • Christianity is the world's largest religion, with about 2.2 billion followers
consequences in this life and the next. Lastly, the caste system in India which is isa worldwide.
itong sistema sa bansang India kung saan ang mga tao o mamamayan ay may label sa • It is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ who lived in the Holy Land 2,000 years
liipunan o ang tinatawag na hierarchy ago.
• Christians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3
Buddhism "persons“- the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit
• An indian religion based on a series of original teachings attributed to Gautama • The Bible is the Christian holy book. It is divided into the Old and New Testaments.
Buddha. Explanation
• The goal of buddhism is to overcome suffering (duhkha) Emphasizes faith in Jesus Christ as the Messiah and the Son of God, the concept of
• Buddhist traditions emphasize transcending the individual self through the the Holy Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) as one God, the teachings and life of
attainment of Nirvana. Jesus as recorded in the Bible (Old and New Testaments), and the belief in salvation
through faith in Christ's sacrifice and resurrection.
 sinless life because they believe that when they die, there is assurance that there is a
Islam place waiting for them in the other world or yung concept natin na heaven or hell
• It is a monotheistic religion that develop in Saudi Arabia in the early 600s, Islam
is directly related to Judaism and Christianity. • Globalist are less worried about whether they will end up in heaven or hell.
• Islam was founded by Prophet Muhammad who lived from 570 to 632 in Saudi explanation
Arabia. (so sa mga globalist naman their skills are more monotonous as they aim to engage
• Those who follow Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that there is only in trades, magpataas ng profits, to improve the government revenue collections, to
one God, called Allah, who speaks Arabic. protect the allies from excessive tax of the government, and to enrich themselves or
• The Muslim scripture is the Holy Qur'an. It is 'the word of God'. Muslim beliefs magpayaman.) (additional informations, so religious people were concerned with
and practices are rooted in the Qur'an. spreading of holy ideas globally on the other hand globalist wishes to spread goods
Explanation and services.)
Emphasizes the absolute oneness of God (Allah) who is seen as speaking Arabic, the
importance of following the teachings of Prophet Muhammad as conveyed in the
Holy Qur'an, and adherence to Islamic practices and beliefs rooted in the Qur'an. What is the relation of religion to globalization?
Islam also highlights a strong sense of community and the Five Pillars of faith. • There is the way in which globalization flattens out cultural differences, erodes
local customs and beliefs, and spreads a secular, capitalist way of life that us at odds
(Those were the different religions that have existed and continue spreading around with religions of all sorts. (meaning to say, Globalization can make cultures look the
the world today. The development of those religions has taken different forms in same, which can weaken local customs and beliefs. It often promotes a money-
different cultures and some religions plays an emphasis on belief while others focused, non-religious way of life that doesn't fit with many religions.)
emphasize practice.)
• At the same time, there is the way in which religion serves as the source of
In essence, globalization has increased the interconnectedness of these faiths, globalization's greatest resistance and as a haven for those standing in opposition
enabling their reach and influence to extend far beyond their places of origin. It has to its ubiquitous yet often subtle power. (means that some people turn to their faith
also brought about increased interfaith dialogue and the potential for both to fight against globalization. Religion can be a safe place for those who don't like how
cooperation and conflicts in an increasingly globalized world. globalization has a lot of power, even if it's not always obvious.)

• Religion has the most difficult relationship with globalism as these two are • In both of these views, the relationship between religion and globalization is
entirely contrasting belief systems as religion is considered sacred while globalism antagonistic-one of struggle and conflict. (meaning to say, religion and globalization
places value on material wealth. often clash and compete with each other, leading to struggles and conflicts.)
explanation
(what else? so religion follows divine commandments while globalism abides by On one end, globalization has affected religion in various ways (1) It paved the way
human-made laws) of the rise of religious nationalism, (2) turn of religion into public life, (3) the
proliferation of international terrorism, and (4) the increase of individual religiosity
• Religious people are less concerned with wealth and all that comes along with it. (Roundometof, 2014)
explanation
so the best word to describe religious people is ascetic, they are ascetic or they avoid Impacts of globalization to religion
anything material for complete simplicity. from the clothes they wear to the food they First, globalization gave rise to religious nationalism that came about after the
eat and the manner they took po is napakasimple and applied po ito ofcourse sa mga Second World War.
taong may pananampalataya at marunong din ofcourse mangtreat ng tama sa • For example in the Philippines crafting the law is sometimes anchored on the
nakakapaligid sa kanila as for them ang kanilang main duty is to live a virtuous life and lawmakers belief in Christianity c. In 2018, a National Bible Day was declared as a
special working holiday.
 2. Indigenization transform a universal religion to suit the specifics of a particular
Next, globalization led to the turn of religion into public life as a reaction to post - ethic group. (Here, a universal religion is customized to fit the unique aspects of a
World War II modernism. particular ethnic group. It means incorporating local customs, beliefs, and traditions
• The often forceful entrance of religious traditions, such as the Catholic liberation into the practice of the religion.)
theology and Islamic fundamentalism, from private sphere into public life (Casanova, • An example is the practice of Islam by various ethnic groups in the Zamboanga
1994) peninsula.

Then globalization affected the proliferation of international terrorism. 3. Nationalization constructs a link between the nation and church.
• For one religious extremism- a type of political violence anchored on the belief that (This involves creating a connection between a nation and its religious institutions. It
a Supreme being grants violence in the act of Glorifying one's faith (Martin, 2017)- often means that the state supports or influences a particular religion, and the
has become a central issue faced by the global community. Extremists believe that it religion becomes closely tied to the identity of the nation.)
is their duty to fulfill God's Will through violence. In 2017, the Islamic state of Iraq • The Philippines Independent Church, an independent Christian denomination, is an
and Syria (ISIS), a Known extremist group, triggered the locals Mindanao to launch example of a national modifiers to their religious identification (e.g. Greek Orthodox
the Marawi Siege for five months. Christianity).

Finally, globalization prompted the increase of individual religiosity. 4. Transnationalization has complemented religious nationalism by focusing groups
• Brought about by the individual's need to rely on his or her beliefs and relationship on identifying specific religious traditions of real or imagined national homeland.
with the supreme being. (being in different countries, maintain a strong connection with the religious
traditions of their shared homeland.)
When did globalization started to influence religion? • Iglesia ni Cristo is one good example of this. This Christian organization is national
• Evolving trade routes led to the colonization of the Asia, Africa, Central and South in scope but it has an international reach that is easily identified as Filipino in its roots
American. Religion became an integral part of colonization and later on and central authority.
globalization. (During this period, religion became closely intertwined with the
process of colonization and, subsequently, with globalization. In other words, as
different parts of the world became more connected through trade and colonization,
religious beliefs and practices started to spread across borders and become
integrated into the global landscape. This marked the early stages of globalization's
impact on religion.)

The interaction of religion and culture resulted in a global-local religion Roudometof

(2014) developed a model of four distinct glocalization indigenization,
vernacularization, nationalization, and transnationalization.
1. Vernacularization refers to blending of universal religions with local languages.
(This is when universal religions adapt to local languages. It means making religious
teachings and practices understandable and accessible to people in their native
tongues.)
• For instance, Arabic is used as Islam's scared language even outside the Arab world,
while Greek and Latin remains to be the primary languages of Christianity.