SESSION

Chemistry-XII
SOLUTIONS

1. How does the solubility of a solid in liquid varies with temperature?

2. Why does a solution of ethanol and cyclohexane shows positive deviation from Raults law.
What is the sign of Hmix and Vmix.

4. 1m aq. solution of NaCl or1m aq. solution of glucose, will have greater elevation in boiling
point. Why?

5. What is the Vant Hoff factor for a solute if it undergoes trimerisation in the solution?

6. Calculate the Vant Hoff factor for KCl if it undergoes 75% dissociation in aq solution.

7. Write the expression for

(a) Henrys law

(b) Raults law for a solution containing non volatile solute.

(c) Molefraction of a component A in solution and also in vapour phase.

(d) Vant Hoff factor

(e) for finding molecular mass of solute using all four colligative properties.
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)
8,Give reason
(a) People living in higher altitudes suffer from anoxia.

(b) Antifreeze is used in car radiators of cold countries.

(c) Helium is used in oxygen cylinders ofscuba divers

(d) 95%Ethanol-water mixture is a minimum boiling azeotrope.

(e) Vapour pressure of solution is less than the vapour pressure of pure solvent.

(f) Gases nearly always tend to be less soluble in liquid as the temperature is raised.

(g) Solution of chloroform and acetone shows negative deviation from Raults law.

(h)The boiling point increases when sodium chloride is added to water.

(i)Sodium chloride is used to clear snow from roads.

(j)It not possible to get pure alcohol and water by fractional distillation of its dilute solution?

(k)Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in hot water.

9: At the same temperature , Hydrogen is more soluble in water than helium. Which of them will
have higher value of KH and why?

10: Write the similarities between Raoult's and Henry's Law .Under what condition Raults law
becomes a special case of Henrys law?
11. A solution of ethyl alcohol & cyclohexane shows positive deviation from Raults law.Why?
12. Why does a solution of acetone & chloroform shows negative deviation from ideal
behaviour?

13. Why is Osmotic pressure method generally preferred for finding the molecular masses of
proteins, polymers and other macromolecules?
14. Elevation in boiling point of 1M KCl solution is nearly double than that of 1M sugar
solution.Why?

15.What is colligative property? List the four colligative properties.

16 Derive a mathematical expression for relative lowering of vapour pressure .Why is it called
a colligative property?
17 State Raoult’s law (i)for solution containing non-volatile solutes in volatile solvents (ii)for a
solution containing two volatile components
18 What do you mean by abnormal molecular mass? Why do we get abnormal molecular
masses from colligative properties?
19. What is vant Hoff factor? What can you infer about the nature of solute from the value of ‘i’?

20. Define Azeotrope.Differentiate between minimum and maximum boiling azeotrope.

21. What do you mean by hypertonic solution?What happens when RBC is kept in 0.91%
solution of sodium chloride?
21. Arrange the following in the increasing order of the following properties.

1M Urea, 1M NaCl, 1M MgCl2, 1M AlCl3.

(a) Boiling Point

(b) Elevation in B.P

© Freezing Point

(d)Depression in F.P.

22. . What is the value of i when

(a) acetic acid is dissolved in benzene

(b) acetic acid is dissolved in water.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The freezing point of a solution, prepared from 1.25 gm of a non-electrolyte
and 20 gm of water, is 271.9 K. If molar depression constant is 1.86 mole -1, then
molar mass of the solute will be :
(a) 115.3 (b) 106.7 (c) 105.7 (d) 93.9

2. Solution having the same osmotic pressure are called :

 (a) Isotonic solutions (b) Molar solutions (c) Hypotonic
solutions (d) Ideal solutions

3. The molarity of pure water is :

(a) 34.3 (b) 18 (c) 1 (d) 55.5

4. The osmotic pressure of a solution is given by the equation :

(a)  = CR/T (b) /C = RT (c)  = CT/R (d)  = (C.R/T)

5. What will be the molarity of a solution containing 5g of sodium hydroxide in

250 ml solution ?
(a) 1 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.1 (d) 2

6. If H2SO4 is added to water, then the solution :

(a) Shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law
(b) Shows negative solution properties
(c) Show ideal solution properties
(d) Is not stable.

7. A certain aqueous solution of FeCl3 (formula mass = 162) has a density of 1.1
g/mL and contains 20.0% FeCl3, Molar concentration of this solution is :
(a) 1.35 (b) 0.163 (c) 1.27 (d) 1.47

8. A solution containing components A and B follows Raoult’s law :

(a) A – B attraction force is greater than A – A and B – B
(b) A – B attraction force is less than A – A and B – B
(c) A – B attraction force remains same as A – A and B – B
(d) Volume of solution is different from sum of volume of solute and solvent

9. Isotonic solutions of solutes having neither dissociation nor association nature

have the same :
(a) Density (b) Molar conc. (c) Viscosity (d) Normality

10. In a 0.2 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid HX the degree of ionization is
0.3. Taking kf for water as 1.85, the freezing point of the solution will be
nearest to :
(a) -0.4800C (b) -0.3600C (c) 0.2600C (d) +0.4800C

11. If Raoult’s law is obeyed, the vapour pressure of the solvent in a solution is
directly proportional to :
(a) Mole fraction of the solvent (b) Mole fraction of the solute
(c) Mole fraction of the solvent and solute (d) The volume of the
solution
12. 25 ml of a solution of barium hydroxide on titration with a 0.1 molar solution
of hydrochloric acid gave a titre value of 35 ml. The molarity of barium
hydroxide solution was :
(a) 0.07 (b) 0.14 (c) 0.28 (d) 0.35

NUMERICALS
1. 18 g of glucose, C6H12O6 Molar mass = 180 g mol-1) is dissolved in 1 Kg of water in a sauce
pan. At what temperature will this solution boil?
(Kb for water = 0.52 K kg mol-, boiling point of pure water = 373.15 K)
2. Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.5 x 10 -2 g of K2SO4 in
2L of water at 25oC, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1, Molar mass of K2SO4 = 174 g mol-1.
3. A solution made by dissolving 5.65 g of an unknown compound in 110.0 g of benzene froze
at 277.49 K. What is the molar mass of the solute? (Given, f.p of benzene = 278.5 K, K f for
benzene = 5.12 K Kg mol-1)
4. CCl4 has a vapor pressure of 100 mm of Hg at 23O C. This solvent can dissolve candle wax,
which is essentially a non – volatile. Although candle wax is a mixture, we can take its
formula as C22H46 (molar mass = 310 g mol -1). Calculate the vapor pressure at 23 OC of a
solution prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of wax in 40.0 g of CCl4 (molar mass = 154 g mol -1).
5. 0.5g KCl was dissolved in 100 g of water and the solution originally at 20 oC, froze at -- 0.24
0
C. Calculate the percentage ionization of salt, Kf per 1000 g water = 1.86 K.
6. What is the freezing point of 0.4 molal solution of acetic acid in benzene in which it dimerises
to the extent of 85%. Freezing point of benzene is 278.4k and kf for benzene is 5K kg/mol.
7. 30 g of urea (M=60 g mol-1) is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of
water for this solution if vapour pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg.
8. A 10% solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has a freezing point of 269.15 K. calculate the
freezing point of 10% glucose in water if the freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.
9. When 2.56g of sulphur was dissolved in 100g of CS2, the freezing point lowered by 0.383K .
Calculate the formula of Sulphur (Sx).
10.. Calculate the mass of compound (molarmass = 256 g/mol) to be dissolved in 75g of benzene to lower
its freezing point by 0.48K(Kf =5.12K Kg/mol)