Unit 2 Solution Imp Questions

XII CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 2
SOLUTIONS
1 Mark Questions
1. Define an ideal solution and write one of its characteristics?

2. What is meant by reverse osmosis?
3. Define the term Azeotrope?
4. What are isotonic solutions?
5. Explain why aquatic species are more comfortable in cold water rather than in warm water?
6. Why do gases nearly always tend to be less soluble in liquid as the temperature is raised?
2 Marks Questions
1. How is the vapour pressure of a solvent affected when a non volatile solute is dissolved in it?
2. The depression in freezing point of water observed for the same molar concentrations of acetic acid,
trichloro acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid increases in the order as stated above. Explain?
3. An aqueous solution of sodium chloride freezes below 273K. Explain the lowering in freezing point of
water with the help of a suitable diagram?
3 Marks Questions
1. A sample of drinking water was found to be severely contaminated with chloroform CHCl3 ,
supposed to be carcinogen. The level of contamination was 15ppm (by mass)?
(i) Express this in percent by mass.
(ii) Determine the molality of CHCl3 in water sample.
2. Some ethylene glycol is added to your car’s cooling system along with 5kg of water. If the freezing point
of water-glycol solution is -150c, what is the boiling point of the solution? Kb = 0.52 K Kgmol-1 and Kf =
1.86 K Kg mol-1
3. Assuming complete dissociation. Calculate the expected freezing point of a solution prepared by
dissolving 6g of Glauber’s salt, Na2SO4.10 H2O in 0.1 Kg mol-1 of water.
Kf of water = 1.86 K Kg mol -1.
4. Calculate the mass of a nonvolatile solute (molar mass 40g mol-1) which should be dissolved in 114 g
octane to reduce its vapour its pressure to 80%?
5. 19.5g of CH2FCOOH is dissolved in 500g of water. The depression in freezing point observed is 1oc.
Calculate the Van’t Hoff factor and dissociation constant of fluoroacetic acid .Kf for water is1.86 K Kgmol-
1
.
5 Mark questions
1. (i) What is Van’t Hoff factor? What types of values can it have if in forming the solution the solute
molecules undergo
(a) Dissociation?
(b) Association? Not in syllabus of 2020-21
(ii) How many ml of 0.1M HCl solution are required to react completely with 1g of a mixture of Na2CO3
containing equimolar amounts of both ? (Molar Mass Na2CO3 = 106g and NaHC03 = 84g)
2. (i) The molecular masses of polymers are determined by osmotic pressure method and not by measuring
other colligative properties. Give two reasons?
(ii) At 300k, 36g of glucose C6H12O6 present per litre in its solution has a pressure of 4.98 bar. If the
osmotic pressure of another glucose solution is 1.52 bar at the same temperature, calculate the
concentration of the other solution?
3. (i) Define the terms osmosis and osmotic pressure?
(ii) An aqueous solution containing 12.48g of barium chloride in 1.0 kg of water boils at 373.0832 k.
Calculate the degree of dissociation of barium chloride?
(Given Kb for H2O = 0.52 Km-1 molar mass of Ba Cl2 = 208.34 gmol-1)
4. (a) What type of deviation is shown by a mixture of ethanol and acetone? Give reason.
(b) What do you expect to happen when RBC’s are placed in
(i) 1% NaCl solution (ii) 0.5 % NaCl solution
(c) Calculate the molarity of 68% (w/w) solution of nitric acid , if the density of the solution is 1.504
g ml-1
NUMERICALS
1. What will be the mole fraction of water in C2H5OH solution containing equal number of moles
of water and C2H5OH? [Ans. : 0.5]
2. 10 g glucose is dissolved in 400 g. of solution. Calculate percentage concentration of the solution.
[Ans. : 2.5% w/w]
XII CHEMISTRY
3. Calculate the mass percentage of benzene (C6H6) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), If 22g of
benzene is dissolved in 122g of carbon tetrachloride.
[Ans. : C6H6 = 15.3%, CCl4 = 84.7%]
4. An aqueous solution containing 3.12 g of barium chloride in 250 g of water is found to be boil at
100.0832°C. Calculate the degree of dissociation of barium chloride.
[Given molar mass BaCl2 = 208 g mol–1, Kb for water = 0.52 K/m] [Ans. : 83.3%]
5. The degree of dissociation of Ca(NO3)2 in a dilute aqueous solution, containing 7.0 g of salt
per 100 g of water at 100°C is 70%. If the vapourpressure of water at 100°C is 760 mm of Hg,
calculate the vapour pressure of the solution. [Ans. : 745.3 mm of Hg]
6. 2g of C6H5COOH dissolved in 25g of benzene shows depression in freezing point equal to
1.62K.Molar freezing point depression constant for benzene is 4.9 K kg mol–1. What is the
percentage association of acid if it forms a dimer in solution? [Ans. : 99.2%]
7. Calculate the amount of NaCl which must added to one kg of water so that he freezing point is
depressed by 3K. Given Kf = 1.86 K kg mol–1, Atomic mass : Na = 23, Cl = 35.5).
[Ans. : 0.81 mol NaCl]
8. Three molecules of a solute (A) associate in benzene to form species A3.Calculate the freezing
point of 0.25 molal solution. The degree of association of solute A is found to be 0.8.
The freezing point of benzene is 5.5°C and its Kf value is 5.13 K/m. [Ans. : 4.9°C]
9. A 5% solution of sucrose (C12H22O11) is isotonic with 0.877% solution of urea. (NH2CONH2).
Calculate the molecular mass of urea. [Ans. : 59.99 gmol–1]
10. Osmotic pressure of a 0.0103 molar solution of an electrolyte was found to be 0.75 atm at
27°C. Calculate Van’t Hoff factor. [Ans. : i = 3] Not in syllabus of 2020-21
11. An aqueous solution of glucose boils at 100.01°C. The molal boiling point elevation constant for
water is 0.5 K kg mol–1. What is the number of glucose molecule in the solution containing
100 g of water. [Ans. : 1.2 × 1021 molecules]
12. A solution containing 30g of non-volatile solute exactly in 90g of water has a vapour pressure
of 2.8 kPa at 298 K. Furhter, 18 g of water is then added to the solution and the new vapour
pressure becomes 2.9 kPa at 298 K. Calculate :
(i) molar mass of the solute
(ii) Vapour pressure of water at 298 K. [Ans. : 34 g mol–1, 3.4 kPa]
13. Calculate the amount of KCl which must be added to 1 kg of water so that its freezing point is
depressed by 2 K. (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol -1, Atomic mass K = 39, Cl = 35.5)

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XII CHEMISTRY

1. Define an ideal solution and write one of its characteristics?

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