1.

Which of the following is the BEST description of a control group in an

experiment?

a. The control group is a test group which is chosen at random.

b. There should be more than one control group in any experiment.
c. The control group is identical to each test group except for one variable.
d. The control group and the test groups may have several differences between them.

2. Which of the following describes a hypothesis-testing study?

a. Sandy's friend rarely catches a cold. So Sandy asked her if she does anything special
to prevent catching a cold.
b. In order to investigate the cause of food poisoning, the doctor asked his patients what
they have eaten in the last 48 hours.
c. Researchers compared smoking habits of lung cancer patients and healthy
individuals.
d. In order to investigate the effectiveness of Vitamin C in alleviating common cold, half
of the participants were given Vitamin C pills and the other half were given placebo pills.
All participants were exposed to the same cold-causing virus.

3. Which of the following is an important feature of the scientific method?

a. Once demonstrated, conclusions cannot be changed.

b. If research results are not conclusive, the opinion of experts should be relied upon. c.
A good hypothesis does not necessarily need to be tested.
d. Anyone should be able to repeat an experiment.

4. Which of the following statements is describing a randomized double-blind

study?

a. Individuals are assigned to either the experimental or control group regardless of their
previous knowledge or experience. Neither the observer nor the subject knows the
subject is in the control group or the experimental group.
b. Individuals are assigned to either the experimental or control group depending on
their previous knowledge. Neither the observer nor the subject knows the subject is in
the control group or the experimental group.
c. Individuals are assigned to either the experimental or control group regardless of their
previous knowledge or experience. Neither the experimenter nor the observer knows
the subject is in the control group or the experimental group.
d. Individuals are assigned to either the experimental or control group depending on
their previous knowledge. Neither the experimenter nor the observer knows the subject
is in the control group or the experimental group.

5. Which of the following questions would be LEAST helped by application of

the scientific method?
a. evaluating the relationship between violence in videogames and criminal behavior in
teens b. comparing the effectiveness of two potential antibiotics
c. formulating public policy on euthanasia
d. determining the most effective safety products for automobiles

e. developing more effective high school curricula

6. Atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Atomic mass of nitrogen is 14. How many

chemical bonds can a nitrogen atom form?

a. 4
b. 2
c. 1
d. 3

7. The column of water extending in tubes from plant roots to leaves is due
mostly to

a. cohesion.
b. proton pump.
c. hydrophobic interactions.
d. respiration.
e. ionic bond.

8. On food packages, “insoluble fiber” refers to plant material that we can't

fully digest but is important for maintaining a healthy digestive tract. This
substance refers to a(n):

a. protein.
b. nucleic acid.
c. carbohydrate.
d. lipid.
e. amino acid.

9. Carbohydrates contain

(1 Point)

a. Mostly C and O
b. Mostly H and O
c. Mostly C, H and O
d. Mostly C and H
e. Mostly C, H, N and O
 10. Fats are mostly made with _______ bonds and they are ________.

a. polar covalent ----- hydrophobic

b. non-polar covalent ----- hydrophilic
c. polar covalent ------ hydrophilic
d. hydrogen ----- organic
e. non-polar covalent ----- hydrophobic

11. Steroid hormones are made from

a. cholesterol
b. phospholipid
c. testosterone
d. glucose
e. glycogen

12. The sequence of amino acids is the _ structure of proteins.

a. primary

b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
e. stereo

13. An amino acid is to a polypeptide as:

a. testosterone is to a steroid hormone.

b. glycogen is to glucose.
c. a nucleotide is to a nucleic acid.
d. triglycerides are to fats.

e. a phospholipid is to a plasma membrane.

14. The tertiary structure of a polypeptide refers to ____________.

a. the presence of pleated sheets.

b. its size.
c. its amino acid sequence.
d. the overall three-dimensional structure.
e. the number of R groups it contains.

15. In the DNA molecule, the nitrogen-containing base G (guanine) always

pairs with:
a. T (thymine)
b. U (uracil)
c. A (adenine)
d. G (guanine)
e. C (cytosine)

16. What's this?

a. nucleotide
b. steroid
c. amino acid
d. triglyceride
e. nucleic acid

17. Which one of the following statements about starch is incorrect?

a. Starch is a component of dietary fibre.

b. Starch is used as energy storage in plants.

c. Starch is a polymer made by plants.
d. Digestion of starch yields many glucose molecules.

18. The hydrogen atoms of a water molecule are bonded to the oxygen atom by
__________ bonds, whereas neighboring water molecules are held together
by __________ bonds.

a. polar covalent.......hydrogen

b. ionic......................covalent
c. hydrogen...............polar covalent
d. hydrogen...............ionic
e. polar covalent.......ionic
 19. The diagram below is dipicting the evolutionary process that created many
membrane-bound organelles. This process is known as _______.

a. membrane invagination.
b. membrane instrumentation.
c. membrane invigilation.
d. membrane invasion.

20. Which one of the following cellular components is believed to have been
resulsted from membrane invagination?

a. Plasma membrane
b. Mitochondrion
c. Ribosome
d. Nucleus
e. Pili

21. This diagram is showing the movement of amino acids (nutrient) into the
cells across the plasma membrane. This is an example of:
a. active transport
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. simple diffusion
e. exocytosis

22. Which of the following is correct pairing of cell part and its function?

a. nucleus---site of protein secretion

b. valuole---regulation of what passes in and out of cell
c. ribosome---site of protein synthesis
d. rough ER---site of secretary proteins
e. mitochondrion---site of photosynthesis

23. Which of the following is NOT surrounded by membranes?

a. chloroplast
b. lysosome
c. ribosome
d. mitochondrion
e. vacuole

24. Which of the following contain enzymes for intracellular digestion?

a. mitochondria
b. ribosomes
c. Golgi bodies
d. lysosomes
e. ER

25. What makes the rough endoplasmic reticulum rough?

a. Its surface is highly folded to increase surface area.

b. It is covered with cillia.
c. It is covered with ribosomes.
d. It is covered with tiny flagella.
e. It has a high density of receptor proteins in its membrane.

26. The diagram below is showing the general structure of a eukaryotic cell.
Which one is pointing to the Golgi apparatus?

a. F

b. A
c. C
d. B
e. D
f. E

27. Below is a diagram depicting a prokaryotic cell. Which structure is the pili?
a. C
b. B
c. F
d. E
e. D
f. A

28. The figure below is showing the close up structure of plasma membrane.
Which one is showing the carbohydrade molecule that serves as molecular
fingerprints for determining blood types?

a. D
b. C
c. A
d. E
e. B
 29. The figure below is showing the close up structure of plasma membrane.
Which one is showing a receptor protein which detects presence of
chemical signals in the environment?

a. B b. D c. E d. C e. A

30. The figure below is showing the close up structure of plasma membrane.
Which one is showing cholesterol?

a. D b. E c. C d. B e. A
 31. If the volume of an animal cell increases when it is placed in an aqueous
solution, that solution is said to be __________ to the cell. Saline solution
for IV drip is __________ to the cell.

a. hypertonic ...............isotonic
b. hypotonic ............... osmosis
c. hypotonic ...............isotonic
d. osmosis ...................hypotonic
e. hypertonic............... hypotonic

32. What are the two products of photosynthesis?

a. carbon dioxide and water

b. glucose and oxygen
c. oxygen and ATP
d. glucose and water
e. carbon dioxide and glucose

33. Plants need which of the following to carry on photosynthesis?

a. carbon dioxide and light energy

b. only light energy
c. water, carbon dioxide and light energy.
d. water and carbon dioxide
e. oxygen and glucose

34. The products of the light reaction of photosynthes are

a. oxygen and glucose

b. ADP and oxygen
c. ATP, NADPH and oxygen
d. ATP only
e. NADH

35. At the end of glycolysis, the six carbon glucose has been cut in half to
produce

a. two molecule of ethanol

b. two molecules of acetyl CoA
c. six molecules of carbon dioxide
d. two molecules of pyruvate
e. one molecule of citric acid

36. Which of the following is NOT released during Krebs cycle?

a. carbon dioxide.
b. NADH
c. ATP
d. FADH2
e. oxygen.

37. The process of glycolysis does not require

a. ATP
b. NAD
c. oxygen
d. ADP
e. glucose

38. Fermentation reactions generally occur under conditions of

a. high oxygen concentrations.

b. low oxygen concentrations.
c. high temperatures.
d. low methane concentrations.
e. low glucose levels.

39. Below is a schematic diagram showing the detailed structure of the

chloroplast. Where are the photosystems I and II located?

a. B
b. A
c. C
 40. This diagram is showing the final stage of the light reaction where ATP
synthase (indicated by B) is generating ATP. What is fueling the ATP
synthesis reaction?

a. The movement of electrons from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma, which is driven by
the electron movement in the electron transport chain.
b. The light energy harvested by chlorophylls in the photosystems.
c. The movement of ATP from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma, which is driven by the
concentration gradient of ATPs.
d. The movement of protons from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma, which is driven by
the concentration gradient of protons.