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    7 Wild Life

    Uploaded by

    Tumisang Pitirose

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 Wild Life

    Uploaded by

    Tumisang Pitirose
    6 views3 pages

    Original Title

    7 Wild life

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views3 pages

    7 Wild Life

    Uploaded by

    Tumisang Pitirose

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT

    WILD ANIMALS

    Concepts
    -Wildlife: A country’s flora and fauna
    -National Park: A protected area in which wild animals, plants and everything within it is
    preserved
    -Game Reserve: A protected area in which wild animals or game are preserved
    -Protected area: An area reserved for wildlife management and utilization
    -Wildlife Management Areas (WMA’s): Areas set aside for utilization and management of
    wildlife eg. National parks and game reserves

    1
    -Controlled Hunting Areas(CHA’s): Areas designed for regulation of wildlife utilization
    anywhere in Botswana. Hunting is allowed only through licences, quotas and seasons in these
    areas.
    -Photographic Tourism: An activity in which tourists take animal photographs and videos after
    paying a fee.
    -Ecotourism: It is any form of tourism where the primary attraction is part of the ecosystem eg.
    Game reserve, lake, mountain, river. etc. Tourists are aware of the importance of the attraction in
    the environment.

    IMPORTANCE OF WILDLIFE TO BOTSWANA’S ECONOMY


    Ø Tourist attraction
    Ø Income generation/ employment
    Ø Source of food
    Ø Source of foreign exchange
    Ø Medicinal purposes
    Ø Education/ Research
    Ø Provides raw materials for manufacturing industries/ provides skins/ ivory
    Ø Promotes development of infrastructure/ roads/ air ports etc
    Ø Provide trophies (jewellery)

    IMPACT OF WILD ANIMALS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

    Ø Destruction of vegetation/ deforestation/ Overgrazing


    Ø Soil erosion
    Ø Invasion of croplands
    Ø Destruction of small water sources
    Ø Loss of soil structure
    Ø Balance the ecosystem
    Ø Animal excretion add manure to the soil
    Ø Spread of diseases/ pests

    LAND USE ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE CONFLICT OR COMPETITION WITH


    WILDLIFE FOR THE USE OF LAND

    Ø Livestock farming
    Ø Arable farming
    Ø Industries
    Ø Settlement
    Ø Mining
    Ø Cordon fencing

    IMPACT OF CORDON FENCING ON WILD ANIMALS

    Ø Restricts free movement of wild animals/ changes migratory routes


    Ø Affects breeding of wild animals
    Ø Overgrazing along the fence
    Ø Animals are caught by the fence and die
    Ø Affects the distribution of animal species
    Ø Controls diseases e.g foot and mouth
    Ø Encourages poaching

    2
    ROLES PLAYED BY STAKEHOLDERS IN THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF WILD
    ANIMALS IN BOTSWANA

    Ø Provision of licences for hunting (only government)


    Ø National parks and game reserves/ wildlife management areas
    Ø Protection of endangered animal species
    Ø Education/Research
    Ø Hunting quotas
    Ø Hunting seasons
    Ø Wildlife utilization schemes e.g game farming and ostrich farming
    Ø Promotion of Community Based Natural Resources Management Programmes
    (CBNRMP)
    Ø Laws and policies against poaching and illegal hunting/wildlife conservation and national
    parks act/ anti-poaching units e.g BDF patrols
    Ø Advertising Botswana’s wildlife locally and abroad
    Ø Financing projects related with sustainable use of wild animals
    Ø Support government policies eg NGO’s

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