Y13 Chemistry Name: ________________________

Triweekly Assessment - 1
Class: ________________________

Date: ________________________

Time: 54 minutes

Marks: 51 marks

Comments:

Page 1 of 10
Q1.
(a) Write an equation for the process that has an enthalpy change equal to the electron
affinity of chlorine.

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) In terms of electrostatic forces, suggest why the electron affinity of fluorine has a
negative value.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(c) (i) Complete the Born–Haber cycle for silver fluoride by adding the missing
species on the dotted lines.

(3)

Page 2 of 10
 (ii) Use the cycle in part (i) and the data in the table to calculate a value, in kJ mol –
1
, for the bond enthalpy of the fluorine–fluorine bond.

Value / kJ mol–
Enthalpy change 1

Enthalpy of atomisation for silver +298

First ionisation energy for silver +732

Electron affinity for fluorine –348

Experimental enthalpy of lattice dissociation for silver fluoride +955

Enthalpy of formation for silver fluoride –203

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) A theoretical value for enthalpy of lattice dissociation can be calculated using a
perfect ionic model.

The theoretical enthalpy of lattice dissociation for silver fluoride is +870 kJ mol–1.

(i) Explain why the theoretical enthalpy of lattice dissociation for silver fluoride is
different from the experimental value that can be calculated using a Born–
Haber cycle.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(ii) The theoretical enthalpy of lattice dissociation for silver chloride is

+770 kJ mol–1.

Explain why this value is less than the value for silver fluoride.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Page 3 of 10
 __________________________________________________________ (2)
(Total 12 marks)

Q2.
(a) (i) Draw a fully-labelled Born–Haber cycle for the formation of solid barium
chloride, BaCl2, from its elements. Include state symbols for all species
involved.

(ii) Use your Born–Haber cycle and the standard enthalpy data given below to
calculate a value for the electron affinity of chlorine.

Enthalpy of atomisation of barium +180 kJ mol–1

Enthalpy of atomisation of chlorine +122 kJ mol–1
Enthalpy of formation of barium chloride –859 kJ mol–1
First ionisation enthalpy of barium +503 kJ mol–1
Second ionisation enthalpy of barium +965 kJ mol–1
Lattice formation enthalpy of barium chloride –2056 kJ mol–1

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Page 4 of 10
 ______________________________________________________________
(9)
(Total 9 marks)

Q3.
Methanol can be regarded as a carbon-neutral fuel because it can be synthesised from
carbon dioxide as shown in the equation below.

CO2(g) + 3H2(g) CH3OH(g) + H2O(g)

Standard enthalpy of formation and standard entropy data for the starting materials and
products are shown in the following table.

CO2(g) H2(g) CH3OH(g) H2O(g)

ΔHf / kJ mol–1 –394 0 –201 –242

S / J K–1 mol–1 214 131 238 189

(a) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for this reaction.

ΔH = ΣΔHf(products) – ΣΔHf(reactants)
1

= –201 – 242 – (–394)

1

= –49 kJ mol–1
+49 kJ mol–1 = 1 mark
units not required, wrong units lose 1 mark

(3)

(b) Calculate the standard entropy change for this reaction.

(3)

ΔS = ΣS(products) – ΣS(reactants)
1

= 238 + 189 – (214 + 3 × 131)

1

= –180 J K–1 mol–1

Page 5 of 10
(c) Use your answers to parts (a) and (b) to explain why this reaction is not feasible at
high temperatures.

Calculate the temperature at which the reaction becomes feasible.

Suggest why the industrial process is carried out at a higher temperature than you
have calculated.

(If you have been unable to calculate values for ΔH and ΔS you may assume that
they are –61 kJ mol–1 and –205 J K–1 mol–1 respectively. These are not the correct
values.)

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(6)

(d) Write an equation for the complete combustion of methanol. Use your equation to
explain why the combustion reaction in the gas phase is feasible at all temperatures.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)

(e) Give one reason why methanol, synthesised from carbon dioxide and hydrogen,
may not be a carbon-neutral fuel.

___________________________________________________________________

Page 6 of 10
 ___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 17 marks)

Q4.
Methanol is formed when carbon dioxide and hydrogen react.

CO2(g) + 3 H2(g) ⇌ CH3OH(g) + H2O(g)

The table contains enthalpy of formation and entropy data for these substances.

CO2(g) H2(g) CH3OH(g) H2O(g)

Δ fH / kJ mol–1 –394 0 –201 –242

S / J K–1 mol–1 214 131 238 189

(a) Use the equation and the data in the table above to calculate the Gibbs free-energy
change (ΔG), in kJ mol–1, for this reaction at 890 K

ΔG _______________ kJ mol–1
(6)

The graph below shows how the Gibbs free-energy change varies with temperature in a
different gas phase reaction.

The straight line graph for this gas phase reaction has been extrapolated to zero Kelvin.

Page 7 of 10
(b) Use the values of the intercept and gradient from the graph to calculate the enthalpy
change (ΔH), in kJ mol–1, and the entropy change (ΔS), in J K–1 mol–1, for this
reaction.

ΔH _______________ kJ mol–1
ΔS _______________ J K–1 mol–1
(4)

Page 8 of 10
 (c) State what the graph above shows about the feasibility of the reaction.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 11 marks)

Q5.
Which one of the equations below represents a reaction that is feasible at all
temperatures?

A P(s) → Q(s) + R(g) endothermic

B 2L(g) + M(g) → 2N(g) exothermic

C S(g) → 2T(g) exothermic

D A(g) + B(g) → C(g) endothermic

(Total 1 mark)

Q6.
Lattice enthalpy values can be obtained from Born–Haber cycles and by calculations
based on a perfect ionic model.

Which compound shows the greatest percentage difference between these two values?

A CsF

B CsI

C LiF

D LiI
(Total 1 mark)

Page 9 of 10
Page 10 of 10