1 SS PP 019
1 SS PP 019
1 SS PP 019
Environmental Stress
Cracking Resistance
(ESCR) for F50
i. ASTM D 1693
Medium Density, 300 min.
Condition ‘C’
Hours
High Density, Condition
300 min.
‘B’
SI. No. Properties Unit Requirement Test Method
Notes:
1 Test carried out in a National / International recognized independent
laboratory is acceptable for coating pre-qualification Tests.
2 Radius of disbondment shall be equivalent radius determined as per ASTM G
42.
6.1.3. Repair Material
Repair material shall be such that is capable of complying with the functional
requirements mentioned in Para 6.1.1 and shall be compatible with the 3LPE
coating.
6.1.4. Material Approval
The coating materials shall be pre-qualified and approved by the Owner /
owner’s representative. Contractor shall submit data sheets of proposed
material combinations to Owner / owner’s representative for prior approval.
The data sheets shall cover all aspects required by this Standard Specification.
The materials brands offered by Contractor for coating (i.e. epoxy powder, co-
polymer adhesive and the polyethylene compound) shall have proven
compatibility. The contractor shall submit compatibility certificates from
manufacturers in this regard. Only Owner / owner’s representative approved
materials/combination of materials shall be used for coating of pipes.
6.1.5. Material Certificates
For each batch of all materials, the Contractor shall obtain from the
manufacturer(s) relevant certificates of material conformity and test results as
per DIN 10204, 3.1 b. These certificates shall be submitted to Company for
approval prior to the use of material for coating application.
6.1.6. Material Identification
All materials to be used shall be packed in damage free containers suitably
marked with the following minimum information for identification:
a. Name of the manufacturer.
b. Type of material and product designation.
c. Batch Number.
d. Date of Manufacture
e. Shelf Life / Expiry Date
f. Storage Conditions
g. Safety Data Sheet
Any materials found without above identification markings shall be suspected
and rejected by Owner / owner’s representative. Rejected materials shall be
promptly removed and replaced by the Contractor. Coating materials shall be
segregated by batch number during shipment, storage and handling.
6.1.7. Information for FBE Material
Contractor shall obtain Infrared scan of powder made by using a standard
Potassium Bromide (KBr) disc from the FBE resin manufacturer for each batch of
epoxy powder and submit to Company prior to its use.
6.1.8. Materials Storage
Coating materials shall be stored, handled and transported in accordance with
the Manufacturer’s recommendations. Storage time of materials shall not
exceed the shelf life recommended by the Coating Manufacturer.
6.1.9. Material Substitution
Contractor shall not substitute Owner / owner’s representative approved
materials. Alternative materials, even if alternative materials comply with the
requirements of this Standard Specification shall not be used without written
approval from Owner / owner’s representative.
6.1.10. Abrasive Materials
Abrasives used for blast cleaning shall be clean, free of oil or contaminants and
dry. The particle size shall be capable of producing the specified surface profile
and roughness and materials shall meet the requirements of ISO 11124-1.
Silica sand and other abrasives containing more than 1% crystalline silica shall
not be used.
6.2. Coating Application
6.2.1. Coating Application Procedure
Prior to the commencement of any coating application activities, the Contractor
shall submit a project specific Coating Application Procedure, giving full details
of the proposed coating process for Owner / owner’s representative approval.
The Coating Application Procedure shall include, but not limited to, the following
information:
a. Inspection of bare pipes and removal of surface defects and surface
contaminants.
b. Steel surface preparation including preheating, blast cleaning, methods of
measurements for surface profile and cleanliness and consumables.
c. Pipe heating and temperature control.
d. Complete details of raw materials including manufacturer’s data sheets,
quality control and application procedure recommendations and test
certificates.
e. Application of coating including temperature of application, line speed, etc.
f. Quenching and cooling of coated pipes.
g. Quality assurance system and reporting formats, including instrument and
equipment types, makes and uses, etc.
h. Detailed method of repair of coating defects.
i. Details of instrument and equipment calibration methods and frequency of
calibration.
j. Details of laboratory facilities and equipment.
k. Pipe handling and stock piling procedures.
l. Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) plans for the storage of raw
materials and coating application.
m. Procedure for transferring of bare pipe identification numbers and applying
coated pipe identification marking.
Coating application shall proceed only after written approval from Owner /
owner’s representative has been obtained.
In addition to the above, the Contractor shall submit a detailed Inspection
and Testing Plan (ITP) for the entire coating application to Company for
review and approval. The Owner / owner’s representative will advise the
Contractor of the specific inspection review, witness and HOLD points
required by the Owner / owner’s representative by marking up the ITP.
6.2.2. Coating Application Procedure Qualification
6.2.2.1. General
Prior to commencing production coating, the Contractor shall carry out a
Procedure Qualification Test (PQT) at each plant for each type of pipe, each pipe
diameter (with maximum wall thickness) and each coating material combination
to verify that its plants and proposed materials and coating application
procedures can produce a consistent quality of coating conforming to the
requirements of this Standard Specification and the material manufacturer’s
recommendations.
A batch representing a normal production run, typically fifteen (15) pipes shall
be coated in accordance with the approved coating application procedure in the
presence of Owner / owner’s representative. Out of these pipes, at least one
pipe shall be coated partly with epoxy and partly with both epoxy and adhesive
layers. All the factors /parameters affecting the quality of coating shall be
established and documented as per the procedure and ITP. The parameters thus
established shall be used during production coating.
6.2.2.2. Pipe Pre-heating
Temperature variation due to in-coming pipe temperature, line speed variation,
pipe wall thickness variation, emissivity, interruptions, etc. shall be established
and documented. Proper functioning of pipe temperature monitoring and
recording system including audible alarm shall be demonstrated
6.2.2.3. Surface Preparation
The ratio of shots to grits shall be established and documented so that after
blast cleaning, surface finish, surface profile and anchor pattern requirements of
this Standard Specification are achieved. Effectiveness of dust collection system
shall be demonstrated by checking degree of dust on the cleaned surface of the
pipes.
6.2.2.4. Pipe Heating and Epoxy Powder Application
Parameters affecting pipe heating such as rating and frequency of induction
heater or number of burners in case of gas heating vis-à-vis pipe thickness and
line speed and epoxy application such as air pressure in the spray guns, dew
point of air, pipe surface temperature, etc. shall be established and documented
so that specified minimum epoxy thickness and other coating quality
requirements are met with. Compressed air used for the application of epoxy
powder shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D 4285 at the beginning of
each shift, every 4 hours thereafter and after any interruption of compressor
operation.
In addition quality and quantity of epoxy that can be recycled shall be
established. For this purpose, samples of reclaimed epoxy powder shall be
drawn and subjected to visual examination, thermal analysis and moisture
content testing shall be carried out. Only if the properties of reclaimed epoxy are
established to be within manufacturer specified range, reclaimed epoxy shall be
allowed to be recycled. Contractor shall also establish maximum quantity of
reclaimed epoxy that can be mixed with fresh epoxy without affecting quality of
coating.
6.2.2.5. Adhesive and PE Application
Parameters affecting application of co-polymer adhesive and polyethylene layers
such as line speed, fusion bonded epoxy curing time and temperature of co-
polymer adhesive and polyethylene, quenching time and temperature, etc. shall
be established and documented so that specified minimum coating thickness
and other quality requirements specified are met with.
6.2.2.6. Testing
At least five (5) tests pipes, including one (1) pipe partly coated with epoxy and
partly coated with both epoxy and adhesive layers, shall be randomly selected
by Owner / owner’s representative Representative for carrying out PQT as per
Table 7.1.3.1. In case any of the tests fails to comply specified requirement,
coating application procedure shall be requalified after necessary modifications.
Company representative shall witness all tests.
All pipes coated during coating application procedure qualification shall be
subjected to same visual and other inspection as required during production
coating. Acceptance criteria shall be as specified under Section 7.1.3 of this
Standard Specification.
Owner / owner’s representative reserves the right to conduct any or all the tests
required for Coating Application Procedure Qualification through an
independent laboratory or agency, at the cost of the Contractor.
Pipes that have exceeded the allowable elapsed time shall be returned for
complete re-blasting. Any pipe showing flash rusting shall be re-blasted even if
the above conditions have not been exceeded.
Pipe handling between abrasive blasting and pipe coating shall not damage the
surface profile achieved during blasting. Any pipe having damage to the surface
exceeding 200mm² shall be sent for re-blasting.
6.4. Coating Application
Subsequent to completion of surface preparation, pipe shall be applied with
three layer polyethylene coating, generally outlined as below.
6.4.1. Pipe Heating
The surface of the pipe shall be heated to a temperature as recommended by
the epoxy manufacturer. An induction heater or gas furnace shall be used for
heating the pipe. The heating system shall be capable of continuous uniform
and deep heating and shall not cause contamination or cause oxidation (in the
form of bluing or other apparent oxide formation) of the cleaned surface.
Temperature of the pipe surface shall be continuously monitored & recorded by
using suitable instruments such as infrared sensors, contact thermometers, etc.
The monitoring instrument shall raise an alarm / activate audio system (hooter)
in the event of tripping of heater or in the event of pipe temperature is outside
the range recommended by the manufacturer.
Heating procedure shall be prepared by the Contractor and the same to be
submitted to the Owner / Owner’s representative for review and approval prior
to conduct pre-qualification tests.
Any pipe coated during the duration of unacceptable temperature deviation
shall be identified by marking and rejected. Such rejected pipes shall be stripped
and recoated.
Contractor shall ensure that pipe surface emissivity variations are minimized
during pipe heating. To avoid significant variance, twice-blasted pipes should be
coated at the same time and not mixed with joints blasted only once.
6.4.2. Application of Epoxy, Adhesive and Polyethylene
The heated pipe surface shall be applied with following coating layers:
Epoxy Application
Epoxy powder shall be sprayed on to heated pipe using electrostatic spray
technique.
Only dry air, free of oil and moisture shall be used in the coating chamber and
epoxy spraying system. Dew point of air supplied to epoxy spray/recycling
system shall be at least (–) 40°C.
Air pressure in the epoxy spray guns shall be controlled, continuously
monitored and recorded at least four times per working shift (maximum 12
hours). The air pressure shall be controlled within the limits established
during coating application procedure qualification. The monitoring system
shall be able capable of raising an alarm / activate audio system (hooter) in
the event of change in air pressure beyond the set limits. All pipes coated
during the duration of air pressure deviation beyond set limits shall be
stripped and recoated.
The recycled epoxy powder mixing with fresh epoxy powder shall be
permitted subject to following conditions:
Quality of recycled epoxy powder has been established to be acceptable during
coating application procedure qualification.
Proportion of the recycled epoxy powder in the working mix does not exceed
that established during coating application procedure qualification or 20% at a
time, whichever is less.
Quality of the recycled powder is checked minimum once per working shift
(maximum 12 hours) by visual examination, thermal analysis & moisture content
testing and properties of recycled epoxy are established to be within
manufacturer specified range.
Adhesive and Polyethylene layer application
Extruded adhesive layer shall be applied before gel time of the epoxy coating has
elapsed and within the time window recommended by the manufacturer.
Extruded polyethylene layer shall be applied over the adhesive layer within the
time limit established during coating application procedure qualification and
within the time/temperature range recommended by the manufacturer.
The extrusion temperatures of the adhesive and polyethylene shall be
continuously monitored and recorded at least four times per working shift
(maximum 12 hours). The monitoring instruments shall be independent of the
temperature control equipment. The instruments shall be calibrated prior to
start of each shift.
Contractor shall ensure that there is no entrapment of air or void formation
along the seam weld (where applicable) during application of coating.
Resultant coating shall have a uniform gloss and appearance and shall be free
from air bubbles, wrinkles, irregularities, discontinuities, separation between
layers of polyethylene & adhesive, etc.
The coated pipe shall be subsequently quenched and cooled in water for a
period that shall sufficiently lower the temperature of pipe coating to allow
handling and inspection.
6.4.3. Coating Cut back
Coating and/or adhesive shall terminate 120 mm +20 / -0 mm from pipe ends.
Contractor shall adopt mechanical brushing for termination of the coating at
pipe ends. Edge of the coating shall be shaped to form a bevel angle of 30º to
45º.
6.4.4. Rejection of Coating
Failure of the Contractor to comply with above coating application requirements
including approved coating application procedure shall result in rejection of the
coating applied and the Contractor shall remove the coating from such coated
pipes and recycle the pipes through entire coating process.
7. Quality Assurance & Quality Control:
7.1. Inspection and Testing:
7.1.1. General
Contractor shall establish and maintain a comprehensive Quality Assurance
system to ensure that all requirements of this Standard Specification are
complied with.
The Contractor shall carryout testing of materials and inspection and testing of
applied coating as specified hereinafter. Pipes with unacceptable coating shall
be stripped and recycled.
In case of failure of any of the above tests, batch of material from which samples
are drawn shall be tested for all properties specified under section 6.1.2.1,
6.1.2.2 and 6.1.2.3 of this Standard Specification. If all tests results comply with
required properties, the batch shall be accepted for coating. If any of the tests
fail to comply with required properties, batch of material that fails to comply
shall be rejected.
7.1.3. Testing of Coating
Testing requirements and frequency of testing during PQT and production
coating shall be as per Table 7.1.3.1 and table 7.1.3.2 respectively. The method
of heating, testing, acceptance criteria and re-testing shall be as described
hereinafter.
Once in the
Epoxy Layer
beginning of
Shift or
g whenever
Note 1,
Adhesive Layer plant restart Section 7.1.3.11
4
after
stoppage
Note 1,
h Holiday Inspection All Pipes Section 7.1.3.12
4
Once per
week or each
Cathodic Disbondment Test batch of Note 1,
i Section 7.1.3.9
48 hour test at (+) 60° C epoxy used 3
whichever is
early
Notes:
1 Working shift shall be maximum 12 hours.
2 In case the test fails to comply the specified requirement, preceding and succeeding
coated pipes shall be tested. If both pipes pass the test, then the remainder of the
coated pipes in the lot shall be accepted. If tests on any one of the two pipes fail to
meet the specified requirements then either all pipes shall be individually tested or
entire lot rejected at the option of the Contractor. All rejected coated pipes shall be
stripped and re-coated.
3 In case of failure of test, the test shall be repeated using two additional samples taken
from same end of pipe. In case both test pass, the pipes shall be accepted. If one or
both tests fail all pipes coated after the previous acceptable test and prior to next
acceptable test shall be reject. All rejected coated pipes shall be stripped and re-
coated.
4 Pipes not meeting the specified requirements shall be rejected. All rejected coated
pipes shall be stripped and re-coated.
After blast cleaning, all pipes shall be tested for salt contamination as per ISO
8502-6. One test shall be carried out at each end of each pipe using salt meter
(SCM 400 or approved equivalent). The acceptance criteria shall be 2 g/cm2.
Any pipe having salt contamination exceeding 2 g/cm2 shall be treated by
phosphoric acid wash followed by de-ionized water wash in accordance with the
recommendations of the manufacturer for reduction of salt contamination to
max 2 µg/cm². The Contractor shall submit a detailed procedure for phosphoric
acid wash for Company approval.
The Contractor shall preserve pipe identity by maintaining the identity of each
joint of pipe. Final markings shall be applied on the outside wall of the pipe at a
maximum distance of 500 mm from the end. The marking shall indicate, but not
be limited to, the following information:
i. Pipe number, Heat number.
ii. Coated pipe number.
iii. Colour band.
iv. Diameter, wall thickness, weight and length.
v. Re attach barcode labels from inside of pipe, or replace labels.
vi. Any other information considered relevant by Purchaser. Contractor shall
obtain prior approval from Owner / Owner’s representative for the marking
procedure to be adopted.