KISII SCHOOL

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………
Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………

1. The diagram below represents a mammalian nephron

(a) Explain what happens to the concentration of sodium ions between points X and Y (2mark)
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(b) (i) Name the hormone that controls the concentration of urine produced in the kidney (1mark)
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(ii)How will the concentration of urine be affected at region S in the absence of the hormone named?
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(c) Suggest two adaptive structural differences between nephrons found in desert mammals such as the
kangaroo rat and fresh water fish such as tilapia (2marks)
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2. (a) It has been noticed that in hot weather, a person passes out less urine in quantity but highly
concentrated than in cold weather. Explain. (2marks)
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b) Explain why sugar appears in urine of a diabetic person. (2 marks)
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 KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 23 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Evening Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………
Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………

1. The diagram below shows a section through the mammalian skin.

a) Name the parts labeled F and G. (2marks

F……………………………………………………G…………………………………………………….
b) State two functions of the substance secreted by the structure labeled I; (2marks)
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c) Mention three ways in which the skin helps to keep the body warm (3marks)
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d) Skin lightening cosmetics are used by some people. State one adverse effect such cosmetics may have
on their skin. (1mark)
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2. Explain the following phenomenon;
a) A kangaroo rat excretes uric acid rather than ammonia (2marks)
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b) During hot humid conditions, sweat accumulates on a person`s skin. (2marks)
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 KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 24 – Wednesday 23/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………
Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………

1. The table below shows the approximate percentage concentration of various components in
blood plasma entering the kidney, glomerular filtrate and urine of a healthy human being
Component %Plasma % Glomerular filtrate %Urine
Water 90 90 94
Glucose 0.10 0.10 0.00

Amino acids 0.05 0.05 0.00

Proteins 8.0 0.00 0.00
Urea 0.03 0.03 2.00
Inorganic 0.72 0.72 1.50
ions
(a) Name the process responsible for the formation of glomerular filtrate (1mark)
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b) What process is responsible for the absence of glucose and amino acids in urine? (1mark)
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c) Explain why;
i) There are no proteins in urine yet they are present in the plasma (1mark)

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ii) Glucose is absent in urine. (1mark)
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c) The concentration of urea in urine is about 60 times more than that in the blood plasma.
Explain. (2marks)
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d) i) Name a condition in which a urine sample might differ in composition from the data given
above. (1mark)
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ii) State
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3.Explain why sweat accumulates on a person’s skin in a hot humid environment (2mark)
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Distinguish between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus (2marks)
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5. State two processes through which plants excrete their metabolic wastes. (2marks)

KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………

Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………1.(a)

What is the meaning of the terms
(i) Homeostasis (1
mark)
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(ii) Osmoregulation? (1
mark)
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………………………………………………………………………………………… (b) Name
the two hormones involved in regulating glucose level in blood (2 marks)

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(2.a) Explain what happens to excess amino- acids in the liver of humans (3
marks)

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……………………………… (b)Name three processes in the human body in which homeostasis
is involved (3marks)
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……………………………………………………………………………c)(i) What would
happen if a person produced less antidiuretic hormone? (1mark)
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………………………………………………………………………………………… (ii) What
term is given to the condition described in (c) (i) above (1 mark)

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KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………
Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………1.
Name two kidney diseases. (2
marks)

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…………………………………………………………………………………………2.State one
economic importance of each of the following plant excretory products. ( 3marks)

a) Tannin
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b) Quinine
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c)Caffeine

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…………………………………………………………………………………………3. Why are
plants able to accumulate most of their waste products for long? (1mark)

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………………………………4.Explain what happens in humans when concentration of glucose
in the blood decreases

below the normal level (4

marks)

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KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………

Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………1.A

student mixed a sample of urine from a person with Benedict’s solution and heated, the colour
changed to orange.
(a) What was present in the urine sample?
(1mark)
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the student conclude on the health status of the person? ( 1mark)

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(c) Which organ in the person may not be functioning properly?
( 1mark)
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…………………………………………… 2. (a) If the human pancreas is not functional:-

(i) Name the hormone which will be deficient

( 1mark)
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(ii) Name the disease the human is likely to suffer from
(1mark)
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(b) What is diuresis?
(1mark)
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………………………………3. State one structural adaptation of nephron in the kidney of a
desert mammal ( 1mark)
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…………………………………………………………………………………………4. Name the
nitrogenous wastes excreted by the following organisms:- ( 3marks)
Animal Nitrogenous Waste

(i) Desert mole ……………………………………….

(ii) Marine fish ……………………………………….

(iii) Tilapia ………………………………………

KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………

Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………1. A

patient was complaining of thirst most of the times. A sample of the patient’s urine was found
not to contain a lot of sugar but was dilute:-
(a) Name the hormone the person’s body was deficient of
( 1mark)
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 (b) Which gland produces the above hormone
(1mark)
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(c) Name the disease that the patient was most likely suffering from (1mark)
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2. State two features in the nephron that facilitate ultra filtration

(2marks)

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below shows a description of size of glomeruli and renal tubules of two animals which
are adapted to living in different environment:-

Animal A Animal B
Glomeruli large and few small and
many
Renal tubules short long
a) Name the likely environment in which animal A lives
(1mark)
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…………………………………………………………………………………………b) Suggest
the main nitrogenous waste produced by animal B (1mark)
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c) Name the organelle of osmoregulation in each of the following animal:
(2marks)
i) Paramecium
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 ii) Insects
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KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………

Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………1.

Distinguish between excretion and egestion
(2marks)
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2.The equation below represents a metabolic process that occurs in the mammalian liver:
Amino acids Enzymes organic compound + urea
a) Name the process
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(b) What is the importance of the process to the mammals?
(1mark)
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3.A person was found to pass out large volume of dilute urine frequently. Name the:-

(a) disease the person was suffering from?

(1mark)
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 (b) hormone that was deficient
(1mark)

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…………………………………………………………………………………………4. Explain
the effects of the following on the quantity and composition of urine (3marks)
(a) Drinking large amount of clean water
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Drinking very salty soup
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c) Removal of the pancreas
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(d) State the importance of excretion in the bodies of living organisms.
(1mark)

KISII SCHOOL
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIO FOR LIFE -2021 TERM III of 2020
SERIES 22 – Tuesday 22/06/2021 Morning Date Revised ……………………
Coverage; Excretion Signature ……………………
Name …………………………………………………… Adm No. ……….....…Stream ………

1.The diagram below shows simplified structures of kidneys from two different animals.

Animal N Animal M

(a) Suggest possible habitat in which animal N is found.

(1mark)
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(b) Give two reasons for your answer in (a) above.

(2mark)

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2.(a) What is poikilotherm?

(1mark)
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b) State two classes of phylum chordata where all members are poikilothermic (2mark)
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c) Name four organic waste products in plants
(4marks)
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