Solutions Assignment-1

P.A.
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, POLLACHI

CHEMISTRY
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SOLUTIONS
Assignment (1 mark each)
1. Give an example of ‘liquid in solid’ type solution.

2. Which type ofsolid solutionwill result bymixing twosolid components with large difference in the sizes of their
molecules?
3. What is meant by semi molar and de c i molar solutions? [Ans: M/2, M/10]
4. What will be the mole fraction of water in C2H5OH solution containing equal number of moles of water and
C2H5OH? [Ans. : 0.5]
5. Which of the following is a dimensionless quantity : molarity, molality or mole fraction? [Ans. : mole fraction]
6. 10 gm glucose is dissolved in 400 gm. of solution. Calculate percentage concentration of the solution.[Ans. : 2.5% w/w]
7. Gases tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised.Why?
8. State the conditions which must be satisfied if an ideal solution is to be formed.
9. A mixture of chlorobenzene and bromobenzene forms nearly ideal solution but a mixture of chloroform and acetone does not.
Why?
10. How is the concentration of a solute present in trace amount in a solution expressed?
11. Which aqueous solution has higher concentration 1 molar or 1 molal solution of the same solute? Give reason. [Ans. : 1M ]
12. N2and O2 gases have KH values 76.48 Kbar and 34.86 kbar respectivelyat 293 K temperature.
Which one of these will have more solubility in water?
13. Under what condition molality and molarity of a solution are identical. Explain with suitable reason.
14. Addition of HgI2 to KI (aq.) shows decrease in vapour pressure. Why?
15. What will happen to the boiling point of the solution on mixing two miscible liquids showing negative deviation from
Raoult’s law.
16. Liquid ‘Y’ has higher Vapour pressure than liquid ‘X’, which of them will have higher boiling point?
17. When 50 mL of ethanol and 50 mL of water are mixed, predict whether the volume of the solution is equal to, greater than or
less than 100 mL. Justify.
18. Which type of deviation is shown by the solution formed by mixing cyclohexane and ethanol?
19. A and B liquids on mixing produce a warm solution.Which type of deviation from Raoult’s law is there?
20. Define cryoscopic constant (molal freezing point depression constant.)21.
21. Mention the unit of ebulioscopic constant (molal boiling point elevation constant.)
22. If kf for water is 1.86 K kg mol–1. What is the freezing point of 0.1 molal solution of a substance which undergoes no
dissociation or association of solute? [Hint: Tf = iKf . m]
23. Name the component that separate first when salt solution is frozen.
24. What is reverse osmosis? Give one large scale use of it.
25. What is the maximum value of Van’t Hoff factor (i) for Na2SO4.10H2O? [Ans.: i = 3]
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Assignment (2 marks each)

1. Explain the following :
a. Solubility of a solid in a liquid involves dynamic equilibrium.
b. Ionic compounds are soluble in water but are insoluble in non- polar solvents.
2. Give two examples each of a solution :
a. showing positive deviation from Raoult’s Law.
b. showing negative deviation from Raoult’s Law.
3. Draw Vapour pressure vs composition (in terms of mole fraction) diagram for an ideal solution.
4. Define azeotropes with one example of each type.

5. Draw the total vapour pressure vs. mol fraction diagram for a binary solution exhibiting non-ideal
behaviour with negative deviation.
6. The vapour pressure curve for three solutions having the same non-volatile solute in the same
solvent are shown. The curves are parallel to each other and do not intersect. What is the correct
order of the concentrations of the solutions. [Hint. : A < B < C]
1 atm.
A B
V.P.
C
Temp
7. Show that the relative lowering of vapour pressure of a solvent is a colligative property.
8. Benzene and toluene form a nearly ideal solution. At a certain temperature, calculate the vapour
pressure of solution containing equal moles of the two substances.
[Given: P°Benzene = 150 mm of Hg, P°Toluene = 55 mm of Hg]
9. What is meant by abnormal molecular mass? Illustrate it with suitable examples.
10. When 1 mole of NaCl is added to 1 litre water the boiling point increases. When 1 mole of CH3OH
is added to 1 litre water, the boiling point decreases. Suggest reason.
11. Can we separate water completely from HNO3 solution by Vapourisation? Justify your answer.
12. 1 gram each of two solutes ‘A’ and ‘B’ (molar mass of A > molar mass of B) are dissolved
separately in 100 g each of the same solvent. Which solute will show greater elevation in boiling
point and Why?
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Assignment (3 marks each )
1. (a) State Henry’s Law.

(b) If O2 is bubbled through water at 393 K how many millimoles of O2 gas would be dissolved in
1L of water? Assume that O2 exerts a pressure of 0.95 bar. (Given KH for O2 = 46.82 bar at 393K).
2. Given reason for the following :–
(a) Aquatic species are more comfortable in cold waters than in warm waters.
(b) To avoid bends scuba divers use air diluted with helium.
(c) Cold drinks bottles are sealed under high pressure.
3. Why should a solution of a non-volatile solute boil at a higher temperature? Explain with the help of
a diagram. Derive the relationship between molar mass and elevation in boiling point.
4. Account for the following :–
(a) CaCl2 is used to clear snow from roads in hill stations.
(b) Ethylene glycol is used as antifreeze solution in radiators of vehicles in cold countries.
(c)The freezing point depression of 0.01 m NaCl is nearly twice that of 0.01 m glucose solution.
5. Why do colligative properties of solution of a given concentration are found to give abnormal
molecular weight of solute. Explain with the help of suitable examples.
6. Give reasons for the following :–
(a) RBC swells up and finally burst when placed in 0.1% NaCl solution.
(b) When fruits and vegetables that have been dried are placed in water, they slowly swell and
r e t u r n to original form.
(c) A person suffering from high blood pressure is advised to take less amount of table salt.
7. Glycerine, ethylene glycol and methanol sell at the same price per Kg. Which would be cheaper for
preparing an antifreeze solution for the radiator of an automobile? [Ans. : Methanol]
8. Determine the correct order of the property mentioned against them: 10% glucose (p1), 10% urea
(p2), 10% sucrose (p3) [Osmotic pressure]
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Assignment (5 marks each)
11. (a) What are ideal solutions? Write two examples.
(b) Calculate the osmotic pressure in Pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0g of
polymer of mol. mass 185000 in 450 ml of water at 37°C.
12. (a) Describe a method of determining molar mass of a non-volatile solute from vapour pressure
lowering.
(b) How much urea (mol. mass 60 g mol–1) must be dissolved in 50 g of water so that the vapour pressure at
the room temperature is reduced by 25%? Also calculate the molality of the solution obtained.
[Ans.:55.55 g and 18.5 m]
13. (a) Why is the freezing point depression considered as a colligative property?
(b) The cryos co pic constant of water is 1.86 Km–1.Comment on this statement.
(c) Calculate the amount of ice that will separate out on cooling solution containing 50 g of ethylene glycol in
200 g H2O to –9.3°C. (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol–1) [Ans.:38.71g]
14. (a) Define osmotic pressure.
(b) Why osmotic pressure is preferred over other colligative properties for the determination of molecular
masses of macromolecules?
(c) What is the molar concentration of particles in human blood if the osmotic pressure is 7.2 atm at normal
body temperature of 37°C? [Ans. : 0.283 M]

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P.A.

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, POLLACHI

1. Give an example of ‘liquid in solid’ type solution.

Assignment (2 marks each)

4. Define azeotropes with one example of each type.

[Given: P°Benzene = 150 mm of Hg, P°Toluene = 55 mm of Hg]

9. What is meant by abnormal molecular mass? Illustrate it with suitable examples.

1. (a) State Henry’s Law.

2. Given reason for the following :–

(c) Cold drinks bottles are sealed under high pressure.

4. Account for the following :–

(a) CaCl2 is used to clear snow from roads in hill stations.

6. Give reasons for the following :–

(p2), 10% sucrose (p3) [Osmotic pressure]

Assignment (5 marks each)

11. (a) What are ideal solutions? Write two examples.

14. (a) Define osmotic pressure.

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