M132 SP08 E3 Sol
M132 SP08 E3 Sol
M132 SP08 E3 Sol
This exam contains 15 multiple choice questions and 2 hand graded ques-
tions. The multiple choice questions are worth 5 points each and the hand
graded questions are worth a total of 25 points. The latter questions will be
evaluated not only for having the correct solutions but also for clarity. Points
may be taken for confusing and disorganized writing, even when the answer is
correct.
A) 3 ln(3/2)
B) 5 ln 2
C) ln(2/3) + 5 ln 3
D) 3 ln(3) + 4 ln 2
E) 5 ln(2) + 3 ln 5
F) ln(2) + 5
*G) 3 ln(2/3) + 5 ln 2
H) 3 + 5 ln 2
I) 3 ln(5)
J) 4 ln(2/3) + 7 ln 2
First note that x2 − 5x + 6 = (x − 2)(x − 3). We can expand the integrand into
partial fractions by solving for A and B:
2x − 1 A B
= + .
x2 − 5x + 6 x−2 x−3
Writing both sides over a common denominator and equating the numerators
gives:
2x − 1 = A(x − 3) + B(x − 2).
This is easily solved and gives: A = −3, B = 5. Therefore,
Z 5 Z 5„ «
2x − 1 −3 5
dx = + dx
4 x − 5x + 6
2 x−2 x−3
4
= [−3 ln |x − 2| + 5 ln |x − 3|]54
= 3 ln(2/3) + 5 ln 2.
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 2
J) ln 3
Equivalently,
(A + B)x2 + Cx + A = 1.
This gives B = −A, C = 0 and A = 1. Therefore,
Z 2 Z 2„ «
1 1 x
2
dx = − dx
1 x(x + 1) 1 x x2 + 1
h p i2
= ln |x| − ln 1 + x2
1
√ √
= ln(2/ 5) + ln( 2).
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 3
A) c, c, c, c
B) d, c, d, d
*C) d, d, c, d
D) c, c, c, d
E) c, d, c, c
F) d, d, d, d
G) c, c, d, c
H) c, c, d, d
I) d, c, c, d
J) c, d, d, d
Ra
Recall that if a is a finite positive number, the integral 0 xdxp converges for p <
R∞
and diverges for p ≥ 1. Therefore, both (b) and (d) diverge. The integral a xdxp
converges for p > 1 and diverges for p ≤ 1. Therefore, (a) diverges. The integral
R∞
(c) is equal to 1 udu 3/2 (this is seen by doing a substitution u = x + 4), which
converges.
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 4
A) convergent, I = 1/8
B) convergent, I = 1/2
C) convergent, I = 1
D) convergent, I = −1/2
E) convergent, I = −1
F) convergent, I = 2
*G) convergent, I = −1/4
H) divergent
I) convergent, I = 4
J) convergent, I = −4
R1
I = lima→0+ a
x ln x dx. Integration by parts gives:
1 –1
x2
Z » Z
x
x ln x dx = ln x −
a 2 2 a
2 1
» 2 –
x x
= ln x −
2 4 a
1 a2 ln a a2
=− − + .
4 2 4
It can be shown using L’Hôspital’s rule that lima→0+ a ln a = 0. From this limit
it immediately follows that lima→0+ a2 ln a = 0. Therefore, the limit as a → 0
exists and is equal to −1/4.
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 5
5. Calculate the arc length of the graph of y = x3/2 over the interval [1, 2].
√
A) 2e + 7
h 5/2 i
7 5 5/2
B) 27 2 − 34
h i
8 11 3/2 13 3/2
*C) 27 2 − 4
h i
5/2 11 5/2
D) 83 11 2 − 4
h i
1/2 1/2
E) 83 92 − 47
h 1/2 i
3/2
F) 14 13 2 − 15 4
h 1/2 i
3/2
G) 13 72 − 174
h i
3 15 3/2 11 3/2
H) 19 2 − 4
8 13 3/2
I) 9 4
8 11 3/2
J) 27 2
TheR general
p integral expression for the area of a surface of revolution is I =
b
2π a f (x) 1 + f 0 (x)2 dx. Therefore, if f (x) = sin x, we have
Z π p
I = 2π sin x 1 + cos2 x dx.
0
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 8
8. If w denotes the weight density of water, find the fluid force on a submerged
vertical square plate of side 2 meters having its top side at a depth of 1
meter.
A) w
B) 2w
C) 4w
*D) 8w
E) 3w
F) 5w
G) 7w
H) 9w
I) w/2
J) w/4
We fix the y-axis with origin at a depth of 1 meter pointing down. Therefore,
the top side of the square is at y = 0 and the bottom side is at y = 2. The
width at level y is constant, equal to l(y) = 2, the depth of a point associated
to coordinate y is 1 + y, and the pressure at level y is p(y) = w(1 + y). So the
force is obtained by
Z 2 Z 2
F = p(y)l(y) dy = 2w (1 + y)dy = 2w[2 + 22 /2] = 8w.
0 0
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 9
9. Find the area and the x-coordinate of√the centroid of the region lying
between the graphs of y = x2 and y = x over the interval [0, 1].
The area is –1
1 » 3/2
x3
Z
2x 1
x − x2 dx =
`√ ´
A= − = .
0 2 3 0 3
10. Find the area and the x-coordinate of the centroid of the quarter of the
unit disc centered at the origin (0, 0) and lying in the first quadrant.
4
A) A = π/2, xCM = π
4
B) A = π/3, xCM = π
4
C) A = π/4, xCM = π
8
D) A = π/4, xCM = 3π
4
*E) A = π/4, xCM = 3π
2
F) A = π/2, xCM = π
3
G) A = π/2, xCM = π
8
H) A = π/4, xCM = π
7
I) A = π/4, xCM = 3π
3
J) A = π, xCM = π
The first two derivatives of f (x) = 1/(1 + x) are f 0 (x) = −1/(1 + x)2 and
f 00 (x) = 2/(1 + x)3 . At x = 0, f (0) = 1, f 0 (0) = −1 and f 00 (0) = 2. So the
coefficients of the Taylor polynomial T2 (x) are 1, −1, and 2/2! = 1. Therefore,
T2 (x) = 1 − x + x2 .
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 12
12. Find an error bound E for approximating sin x by the Maclaurin polyno-
mial T4 (x) = x − x3 /6 over the interval [−π, π]. I.e., find E so that
|sin x − T4 (x)| ≤ E
over the interval. (An error bound that is much bigger than the optimal
one will be considered wrong.)
*A) π 5 /120
B) π 4 /24
C) π 5 /24
D) 1/120
E) 0
F) 2π 5 /15
G) 4π 5 /15
H) 8π 5 /15
I) 1/24
J) 5π/120
K|x|5
|R4 (x)| ≤
5!
where K is an upper bound for the derivative of order 5 over the given interval.
The absolute value of the fifth derivative of sin x is less than or equal to 1 for
all x. So we can take K = 1. So |R4 (x)| is at most |x|5 /5! = |x|5 /120. Over the
interval [−π, π] the quantity |x| is at most π. Therefore, the error bound we are
looking for is π 5 /120.
Math 132 - Exam III - Spring 2008 13
y 0 = xy 2 , y(0) = −1.
A) y(x) = 1/(x3 − 2)
B) y(x) = −5/(x2 − 5)
C) y(x) = 2/(x − 2)
D) y(x) = −1/(x4 − 2)
E) y(x) = 2/(x4 − 4)
F) y(x) = 1/(x − 4)
G) y(x) = −6/(x3 − 3)
H) y(x) = 1/(x4 − 1)
I) y(x) = 1/(x − 5)
*J) y(x) = −2/(x2 + 2)
y 00 + 2y 0 − 8y = 0.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, −1
C) 1, 4
D) 2, 4
E) 1, 3
F) 2, 3
*G) 2, −4
H) 2, −3
I) 3, −3
J) 1, 0
eax (a2 + 2a − 8) = 0.
15. The velocity v of a skydiver can be determined using the differential equa-
tion
10 gm
v0 = − v+
m 10
where m is the diver’s mass, g = 9.8 m/s2 is the acceleration due to
gravity. If a 60-kg skydiver jumps out of an airplane, what is her terminal
velocity in meters per second?
16. (12 points) The following two question refer to the improper integral
Z ∞
1
I= √ dx.
5
x +2
1
17. (13 points) (Rogawski 8.4 # 37) Let Tn (x) denote the Taylor polynomial
of the function f (x) = ln x at a = 1.
Evaluated at a = 1, gives
Therefore,
(x − 1)2 (x − 1)3
T3 (x) = (x − 1) − + .
2 3
(b) The fourth derivative of f (x) is f (4) (x) = −6x−4 . The constant K = 6 is an
upper-bound for |f (4) (x)| for all x in the interval [1, 1.3]. Therefore,
K × 0.35
|R4 (1.3)| ≤ = 6 × 0.0081/24 = 0.002
4!