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    Behavior of Single Pile at Lateral Load

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    ziadfathy19
    1) Lateral loads on piles can come from wind, earthquakes, impacts, slope movements, and retaining walls. The behavior of piles under lateral loads is complex due to soil influences along the entire pile length. 2) Pile capacity depends on soil properties like shear strength, soil stiffness which varies with depth, pile properties like cross section and material, and installation method. Manual methods and software analysis can be used to calculate capacity. 3) Broom's method classifies piles as short or long based on their stiffness. Capacity of short piles depends on soil resistance and is calculated using soil strength parameters and pile geometry. Flexible long piles depend more on their own bending resistance.

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    Behavior of Single Pile at Lateral Load

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    ziadfathy19
    17 views20 pages
    1) Lateral loads on piles can come from wind, earthquakes, impacts, slope movements, and retaining walls. The behavior of piles under lateral loads is complex due to soil influences along the entire pile length. 2) Pile capacity depends on soil properties like shear strength, soil stiffness which varies with depth, pile properties like cross section and material, and installation method. Manual methods and software analysis can be used to calculate capacity. 3) Broom's method classifies piles as short or long based on their stiffness. Capacity of short piles depends on soil resistance and is calculated using soil strength parameters and pile geometry. Flexible long piles depend more on their own bending resistance.

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    Behavior of single pile at lateral load

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    1) Lateral loads on piles can come from wind, earthquakes, impacts, slope movements, and retaining walls. The behavior of piles under lateral loads is complex due to soil influences along the entire pile length. 2) Pile capacity depends on soil properties like shear strength, soil stiffness which varies with depth, pile properties like cross section and material, and installation method. Manual methods and software analysis can be used to calculate capacity. 3) Broom's method classifies piles as short or long based on their stiffness. Capacity of short piles depends on soil resistance and is calculated using soil strength parameters and pile geometry. Flexible long piles depend more on their own bending resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views20 pages

    Behavior of Single Pile at Lateral Load

    Uploaded by

    ziadfathy19
    1) Lateral loads on piles can come from wind, earthquakes, impacts, slope movements, and retaining walls. The behavior of piles under lateral loads is complex due to soil influences along the entire pile length. 2) Pile capacity depends on soil properties like shear strength, soil stiffness which varies with depth, pile properties like cross section and material, and installation method. Manual methods and software analysis can be used to calculate capacity. 3) Broom's method classifies piles as short or long based on their stiffness. Capacity of short piles depends on soil resistance and is calculated using soil strength parameters and pile geometry. Flexible long piles depend more on their own bending resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    )Behavior of single pile at lateral load (

    BY ID
    Ahmed Ibrahim Omar 18323
    Esraa Sabry Khairy 18345
    Abd Alrahman M. Alatar 18324

    Prof.Dr. | Ahmed .M. Nasr


    1-Introduction
    It is known that any structure is subject to vertical loads and
    horizontal loads ; Such as (the building load) and is represented in
    live loads and dead loads
    2-Horizontal loads and their source :-
    1-Wind loads
    2-Seismic loads
    3-Impact loads from ships
    4-Slope movements
    5-Earth pressures on retaining walls

    -The lateral loads of the underground facilities are considered a


    complex matter compared to the above-ground facilities because it is
    easy to calculate the torques on the elements subjected to lateral loads
    above the surface of the earth ; unlike the elements in the soil.
    -The torques are generated for the entire length of the pile according
    to the influence of the soil.
    (Continues lateral support)

    Lateral soil pressure is represented by the length of the pile in Spring ;as in
    the Egyption Code

    → K= =
    -The Soil reaction depend on :
    1-Pile stiffness
    2-Soil stiffness
    Is the value of K (Stiffness ) Constant with depth ? -
    No – due to the difference in soil layer with depth and the effect of vertical load ; Where the
    greater the depth down ; the higher the vertical soil pressure ; and thus the lateral
    increase.
    -Methods of dissolving the pile subject to a side load :
    1-The manual method ; which is an approximate methods ;
    the most famous of which is ( Brooms Methods ).
    2- Solutions based on field studies by soil type.
    3- Analysis by Programs. (Plaxis)
    The lateral soil pressure in the case of pure lareral load -
    changed with pile width and depth depending on the
    .intensity of load and water level elevation
    The distribution of the lateral soil resistance became-
    more complex and irregular and generally increase from
    .the edge to pile under large loading

    The vertical load contributes to an increase in vertical -


    soil stress in addition to contributing to an increase in the
    lateral stress of the soil , thereby increasing pile shaft
    resistance. Pile shaft resistance and soil lateral stress both
    help reduce the bending moment and deflection of the
    .pile increasing lateral load capacity
    4-Factors Affect the horizontal pile capacity
    4-1 Soil Parameters :-
    Horizontal Stress 𝜎 ℎ
    Kh = Horizontal displacement 𝛿ℎ

    *Case of Constant (Kh) :-


    ሺ35→70ሻ∗ 𝐶𝑢
    Kh = (KN/m3)
    𝐷

    Cu = qu/2 =undrained shear strength


    D =pile diameter or pile width
    *Case of Variable (Kh) :-
    𝑛∗ 𝑧
    Kh = (KN/m3)
    𝐷

    Z= depth from the ground surface


    N= constant from tables according to soil type
    -For Normally Consolidated or Silty Soil :-
    Unconfined Compression (qun) (KN/m2) 25 50 100
    n (KN/m3) 600 1600 3700

    -For Sandy Soil :-


    Relative Density (Dr) (%) 35 65 85 100
    n (KN/m3) 4300 12300 18000 22200

    Note :-
    -In the case of immersion of sandy soil with water the previous (n)
    values are reduced by half.
    -: Pile Parameters 4-2
    Pile Material ( steel or concrete ) -
    Method of installation ( driven or bored ) -
    Group action -
    Pile Type ( Short pile or Long pile ) -

    Pile head condition ( free head or fixed head ) -


    Calculation the Ultimate resistance of Short Rigid Piles to lateral )1(
    -: Loads
    The first step is to determine whether the pile will behave as a short rigid unit or as -
    an infinitely long flexible member. This is done by calculating the stiffness factors
    .R and T for the particular combination of pile and soil
    For Constant Soil Modulus with depth (e.g. stiff overconsolidation )2(
    -: clay )
    =R
    Ep = 2*107 (KN/m2)
    .Ip (m4) = ( For Square pile ) = ( For Circular pile )
    (3) For Soil Modulus increase linearly with depth (e.g.
    Normally overconsolided clay & Granular Soil ) :-
    5 𝐸𝑝 ∗𝐼𝑝
    T= ට
    𝑛ℎ

    (4)Calculating the ultimate resistance of short rigid piles


    to lateral loads :-
    According to Broom‵s theory ; Laterally laoded piles are-
    -: classified as short or long piles according to following definition

    .Short Pile :- are those whose lateral capacity depends on soil resistance -

    Long Pile :- are those whose lateral capacity depends on the pile material it -
    .self
    (a) ( Short Vertical Pile Under Horizontal Load )

    (b) ( Long Vertical Pile Under Horizontal Load )


    Calculation of lateral load capacity for vertical pils:

    5-Methods of dissolving the pile subject to a side


    load :
    1-The manual method ; which is an approximate methods ;
    the most famous of which is ( Brooms Methods ).
    2- Solutions based on field studies by soil type.
    3- Analysis by Programs. (Plaxis)
    Ex: pile in cohesive soil , free head pile , short pile
    5-1-1-The manual method

    The max bending moment at distance (1.5D +F) from the ground
    surface (zero shear)
    𝐻𝑢
    f= (1)
    9𝐶𝑢 𝐷

    M max =Hu(e+1.5D+0.5F) (2)


    5-1-2The approximate methods

    𝐻𝑢
    By using fig. ; from (L/D) and (e/D) get get ( 𝐻𝑢 )
    𝐶𝑢 𝐷
    Then , get (f) from equation 1 and Calculate Mmax from equation 2
    Where :- Hu = Ultimate lateral capacity of pile (KN).
    Cu = Undrained shear strength =(qu/2)
    D = Pile diameter or pile width (m)
    e = the free distance of pile above the ground surface (m)
    Mmax = maximum moment that can be carried by the pile
    section (bending capacity) (KN.m)
    Check:-
    -If Mmax < Myeild , then; the pile is safe and the failure may occur
    through the soil only . As assumed use short pile.
    𝐻𝑢
    Hall =
    𝐹𝑂𝑆 (2−3)

    -If Mmax >= Myeild , then; the pile material will be yield to
    generate a
    Plastic hing. Use short pile.
    Calculation of yield moment (Myeild):-
    For Steel Piles:-
    Myeild = Cs * Fy * Z(x-x)
    Where:-
    Cs = 1.3 (for circular sections).
    Fy = 36000 (t/m2) Steel sections.
    Z(x-x) = I /y

    𝜋 𝐷2 𝐷
    I= ; Y=
    64 2

    For Concrete Piles:-


    Myeild = Fco * Z(x-x)
    Where:-
    Fco = 2500 (t/m2)
    Z(x-x) = I /y
    5-2Field Test :-

    -The horizontal axis is the displacement.


    -The vertical axis is the soil reaction.
    -Slope = K

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