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    B Lesson1-Introduction-to-Structures - 2

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    Satoru Fujinuma
    Structures allow grouping of related data types under a single name. A structure defines the layout of its members but does not allocate memory for variables of that structure. A structure variable allocates memory and allows accessing members. Structures are defined using the struct keyword followed by the structure tag name and a block with member declarations. Structure variables are declared with the structure tag name as its data type. Members can be accessed using the dot operator.

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    B Lesson1-Introduction-to-Structures - 2

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    Satoru Fujinuma
    20 views14 pages
    Structures allow grouping of related data types under a single name. A structure defines the layout of its members but does not allocate memory for variables of that structure. A structure variable allocates memory and allows accessing members. Structures are defined using the struct keyword followed by the structure tag name and a block with member declarations. Structure variables are declared with the structure tag name as its data type. Members can be accessed using the dot operator.

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    B Lesson1-Introduction-to-Structures_2

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    Structures allow grouping of related data types under a single name. A structure defines the layout of its members but does not allocate memory for variables of that structure. A structure variable allocates memory and allows accessing members. Structures are defined using the struct keyword followed by the structure tag name and a block with member declarations. Structure variables are declared with the structure tag name as its data type. Members can be accessed using the dot operator.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views14 pages

    B Lesson1-Introduction-to-Structures - 2

    Uploaded by

    Satoru Fujinuma
    Structures allow grouping of related data types under a single name. A structure defines the layout of its members but does not allocate memory for variables of that structure. A structure variable allocates memory and allows accessing members. Structures are defined using the struct keyword followed by the structure tag name and a block with member declarations. Structure variables are declared with the structure tag name as its data type. Members can be accessed using the dot operator.

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    of 14

    UNIT

    4 STRUCTURES

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    LESSON 1
    Introduction to Structures

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structures
    A structure is a collection of related elements, possibly of
    different types, having a single name.
    It allows you to wrap one or more variables with different
    data types under a single name.

    In other programming languages, structures are called


    records, and members are known as fields.

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structures
    For example, you want to refer to student with multiple data like
    name,course, age, grade :

    Student structure name


    (group name)
    Name Course Age Grade field names
    (members)
    Ana BSIT 18 90
    John BIT 19 92
    Cathy BSM 18 89

    string string int int

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structure Definition

    Structure definition consists of the reserved word struct, the name


    of the structure (tag) ,and the symbol {,field list, the symbol }.

    struct structure name


    {
    field list
    (structure members)
    };

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structure Definition

    Example :
    struct student structure name
    {
    char name[20];
    field list
    char course[5];
    (structure members)
    int age;
    int grade;

    };

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structure Variable

    A structure variable is variable declared with struct as the


    data type capable of holding multiple data.

    A struct is a data type with a number of components (or


    fields), can contain any valid data types like int, char, float even
    arrays or even other structures.

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structure Variable Declaration
    To declare a variable of type struct:

    struct structure name identifier;

    struct student stud;


    * stud is the name of the variable of type struct which means that this
    variable can hold values of all members of structure student, as illustrated
    below:

    stud name course age grade

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Structure Variable Initialization
    To initialize a variable of type struct:

    struct student stud ={ “Ana”, ”BSIT”,18,90};


    Ana BSIT 18 90

    name course age grade

    members of structure student

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Accessing Members of Structure

    Input name cin.getline(stud.name,20);


    Display age cout <<stud.age;
    Test if grade is if (stud.grade>=75)
    passed or failed
    cout<<“passed”;

    struct student stud;

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Sample Program

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Sample Program

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Sample Program
    A program that computes the salary of employee based on
    hours worked and rate per hour.

    //Structure Definition
    struct employee
    {
    double hours;
    double rate; // or can be written as double hours,rate, salary;
    double salary;
    };
    //Structure Variable Declaration

    struct employee emp;

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2


    Sample Program

    IT 105 Computer Programming 2

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