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    alxrezx
    The document describes the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue is composed of tightly packed cells with little extracellular matrix. Connective tissue contains cells, fibers and ground substance. Muscle tissue is made of contractile cells that contain myofilaments allowing for movement. Nervous tissue contains neurons and glial cells.

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    NOTES

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    5 views3 pages
    The document describes the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue is composed of tightly packed cells with little extracellular matrix. Connective tissue contains cells, fibers and ground substance. Muscle tissue is made of contractile cells that contain myofilaments allowing for movement. Nervous tissue contains neurons and glial cells.

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    The document describes the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue is composed of tightly packed cells with little extracellular matrix. Connective tissue contains cells, fibers and ground substance. Muscle tissue is made of contractile cells that contain myofilaments allowing for movement. Nervous tissue contains neurons and glial cells.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views3 pages

    NOTES

    Uploaded by

    alxrezx
    The document describes the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue is composed of tightly packed cells with little extracellular matrix. Connective tissue contains cells, fibers and ground substance. Muscle tissue is made of contractile cells that contain myofilaments allowing for movement. Nervous tissue contains neurons and glial cells.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    TYPES OF TISSUES

    1) Epithelial tissue
    - tightly packed cells with minimal matrix
    2) Connective tissue
    - contains cells, protein fibers, and ground substance
    3) Muscle Tissue
    - composed of cells that may be cylindrical or spindle-
    shaped
    - Contain contractile proteins (myofilaments)
    - Contraction allows movement
    4) Nervous tissue
    - contains neurons and glial cells

    ● Polarity
    ○ Has an apical surface that is exposed to the
    EPITHELIUM external or internal
    ● Avasculatiry
    ○ Lack blood vessels
    ○ It can get nutrients from the apical side through
    direct diffusion or diffusion slower than the
    membrane ?//? And pass through the epithelium
    ○ Alive because of diffusion
    ○ Epithelial tissue can get through the epithelium
    ● Extensive innervation
    ○ Epithelia are richly innervated to detect changes in
    the environment
    ○ Innervation – nerve
    ○ Epithelium can detect lack of proteins
    ● High regeneration capacity
    ○ Undergo cell division frequently
    ○ Allows the tissue to regenerate itself
    ○ Through mitosis

    FUNCTIONS
    ● Physical protection
    ○ Protect both external and internal surfaces

    BACKGROUND
    ● Membranous tissue which forms various surfaces and
    linings throughout the body
    ● Consistently regeneration forms epithelial stem cells

    FUNCTION
    ● Protective barrier
    ● Substance secretion
    ● Substance absorption

    COMMON DISORDERS
    ● Cancer
    ○ Benign → adenoma of papilloma
    ○ Malignant → carcinoma
    ● Celiac disease ● Selective permeability
    ● Human papillomavirus ○ All substances that enter or leave the body must
    pass through an epithelium
    ETYMOLOGY ● Secretion
    ● Epi = upon; thele = nipple ○ Some epithelial cells are specialized to produce
    ● Composed of one or more layers of closely packed cells and release secretions
    ● Cellularity ○ These cells form glands
    ○ Composed of almost entirely packed cells ● Sensations
    ○ There is minimal extracellular matrix between ○ Are innervated (rich with nerves) by sensory nerve
    the cells ending to detect or respond to stimulus
    TYPES OF EPITHELIAL TISSUES

    1) Simple squamous epithelium


    2) Simple cuboidal
    3) Simple columnar
    4) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
    5) Stratified squamous

    3) Stratified epithelium
    - contains two or more layers with the basal layer in direct
    contact with the basement membrane

    CLASSIFICATION

    1) Simple epithelium
    - one layer of epithelial cells
    - Cells are in contact with the basement membrane
    - allows efficient absorption of nutrients in the digestive
    tract

    ● Keratinized
    ○ Contain numerous layers of squamous cells, called
    keratinocytes, in which the superficial layer of cells is
    keratinized
    ○ Keratin enables the toughness of the cell

    2) Pseudostratified epithelium
    - appears layered because the cell’s nuclei are distributed
    at different levels between the apical and basal surfaces
    ● Stratified
    ○ Made of cells that can readily change shape from 2) Cuboidal
    polyhedral to more flatend, depending upon the - about as tall as they are wide
    degree to which the epithelium is stretched

    3) Columnar
    - slender and taller than they are wide

    CLASSIFICATION BY CELL SHAPE

    ADDITIONAL NOTES

     Basal connects to basement membrane.


     Apical is exposed to the external environment.
     Connective tissue is rich in blood vessels.
     Difference in cell type is per level.
     Ciliated – with cilia
     Basement membrane – touches cell
     Basal layer – touches basement membrane

    1) Squamous
    - flat, wide, irregular shape

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