Wonderful World Book

SECOND EDITION
CRAMMAR BOOK
D NATIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC
LEARNING
Australia • Brazil • Mexico· Singapore · United Kingdom • United States

"'"'1-···~· ··•
Page
Lesson 1 Be 10
Lesson 2 Possessive adjectives 13
Lesson 3 Possessive 's 15
Unit2
Lesson 1 Have got 17
Lesson 2 There is, There are 20
BlliS•i Llllili.;) - ~ I rt
Unit3
Lesson 1 Present simple affirmative 27
Lesson 2 Present simple negative and questions 30
Lesson 3 Adverbs of frequency 33
Unit4
Lesson 1 Question words 36
Lesson 2 ~
Can 39
lllKillli.UUiili ii - •
Units
Lesson 1 Imperative; Object pronouns; Let's 45
Lesson 2 Countable and uncountable nouns 48
Lesson 3 Some, any 51
Unit6
Lesson 1 Much, many 54
Lesson 2 A lot of, lots of, a few, a little 56
BIY.imi.YDiili :i - Si
Unit7
Lesson 1 Present continuous affirmative 62
Lesson 2 Present continuous negative and questions 65
Lesson 3 Present continuous (to express the future) 68
Units
Lesson 1 Present simple and present continuous 71
Lesson 2 Must 74
Bhiuli Uuiili~ - I I
Unit9
Lesson 1 Past simple: Be 80
Lesson 2 Past simple affi rmative: Regula r verbs 83
Lesson 3 - - Past simple affirmative: Irregular verbs 86
.. 10
Lesson 1 Past simple negative and questions: Regular and irregular verbs 89
Lesson 2 Question words with the past simple 92
a
~ lllllill ii HI
Unit 11
Lesson 1 Comparatives; as . .. as 97
Lesson 2 Superlatives 100
Lesson 3 Comparatives and superlatives 103
-- -
Unit 12
Lesson 1 Be going to 106
Lesson 2 Future simple 109
-
3
1 Read.
Plurals
We usually add -s to a noun to make it plural. We usually add -s to nouns that end in -o,
pen pens but we sometimes add -es. Sometimes,
hut huts both -sand -es are possible.
book books photo photos
tomato tomatoes
We add -es to nouns that end in -s, -ss, -sh,
potato potatoes
-ch and-x.
volcano volcano or volcanoes
box boxes
beach beaches When a noun ends in -f, or -fe, we usually
watch watches take off the -f or -fe and add -ves. We
just add -s to the words giraffe and roof.
When a word ends in a consonant+ -y, we
Sometimes, both forms are possible.
take off the -y and add -ies.
wife wives
family families
knife knives
lady ladies
life lives
party parties
giraffe giraffes
When a word ends in a vowel + -y, we just roof roofs
add -s. Sometimes, both -s and -es are scarf scarfs or scarves
possible.
day days Remember!
boy boys
toy toys
Some nouns are irregular and they do not
follow these rules.
child children mouse mice
fish fish sheep sheep
foot feet tooth teeth
man men woman women
box child family ~ giraffe mouse pencil potato toy
F. . ''",!) ~
1/;,(H.~
''I
,,~,
:'},.
• • .J.
, - 1~
l.
" ~
IC .. -
~.::·.;, ~ ~
.,.;
1 two fish 2 twelve _ _ _ _ __ 3 seven _ _ _ _ __
4 five _ __ __ 5 Six _ __ __ 6 fourteen _ _ __ _
7 two _ _ _ _ __ 8 three _ _ _ __ 9 two _ _ _ _ __
3 Write the plurals.
baby beach ~ boat city glass sheep sky tooth tree watch woman
-s I -es I -ies I Irregular

bicycles
4 Say it! Talk about things you've got. Use plural nouns.
I've got two watches.
I've got two boxes of

crayons.
5
S Read.
Articles
We use a and an (indefinite articles) with We use the instead of a/an to talk about a
singular nouns. specific person, animal or thing, or to talk
a snake about it, or them, again.
an orange There's a big tree in our garden. The tree has big
red flowers in spring.
We use a before nouns that begin with a
The children next door go to my school.
consonant (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, I, m, n, p, q, r, s, t,
V, W, X, y, Z). We also use the to talk about something
a boat which is unique, for example the sky, the
a tree moon, the sun.
The sun is up in the sky.
We use an before nouns that begin with a
vowel (a, e, i, o, u). The can be used with plural nouns.
an elephant I need books and paper. The books are for my
an island English class. The paper is for my art class.
Sometimes there is an adjective before the
noun. We use a when the adjective begins
with a consonant. Remember!
We use an when the adjective begins with a
vowel. Be careful with words that begin with h or u!
a new album When the word begins with a consonant
an amazing game sound, we use a. When the word begins with
We use a or an to talk about one person, a vowel sound, we use an.
animal or thing in general. a house, an hour, a uniform, an uncle
There is a spider in the kitchen.
He's got a new bag.
1 _gn__eye 4 _ _ door 7 _ _ egg
2 _ _ green apple 5 _ _ ear 8 _ _ exciting hobby
3 _ _ box 6 _ _ hour 9 _ _ house
7 Write a, an or the.
1 Look! There's a whale in the sea.
2 This isn't teddy bear. It's doll.
3 There's black desk in my bedroom. On desk, there's _ _ _ fish tank.
4 Look! There's big bird in sky.
5 _ _ _ moon looks so beautiful toniqht. Let's look at it with . binoculars.
6 I've got pet cat. He likes to sleep on floor in my bedroom.
8 Say it! Talk about the picture. Use a, an, the and these suggestions to help you.
. bed . football
. book . helicopter
. cat . school bag
. chair . sky
. clock . sun
. desk . teddy bear
7
9 Read.
·, ...
:' .·•··. :i" ' '•t
p
....
:. · ·
.· . I .
: I' •
"•
. ..
.,. .(
,. .
.. ·. , : .. .
. .
This cat is friendly. That cat is angry.
Demonstratives
We use demonstratives to show that someone or something is near us (this, these) or further
away (that, those).
this these
that those
This book is for you. That one over there is for your sister.
I like these dolls here. Those dolls on the shelf over there are for babies!
10 Circle the correct words.

1 91 This car across the street is very cool.
2 That I This box in my hands is a present for you.
3 I really like that I those flowers.
4 These I This are my books. Those I That over there are my sister's books.
5 I like this I these robot. I want it for my birthday.
6 That /Those fish looks funny.
1 These 4
are my shoes. is your ruler.
2
is my phone.
3 bird is beautiful.
6
12 Say it! Talk about things in your classroom. Use this, that, these, those and these suggestions
to help you.
• ruler
• books
These books
• school bag are mine.
• pencil
• desks
• pens
• clock That's Mario's
school bag.
• students
9
1 Read.
Be
We use be with subject pronouns (I, you, he, etc.) or with other nouns.
He is hungry.
Sharks are grey.
We use be to talk about someone's job, nationality,
relationship, or his or her name.
He is a scientist. We are sisters.
They are English. I am Carlos. Remember!
We also use be to describe people or things. In English, there is no difference
Robbie is young. between you singular and you plural.
The hut is old.
We use the short form in everyday English.
Hi, I'm Ana.
l'm(lam) I'm not (I am not) Am I ...? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
you're (you are) you aren't (you are not) Are you ...? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
he's (he is) he isn't (he is not) Is he ...? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
she's (she is) she isn't (she is not) Is she ...? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
it's (it is) it isn't (it is not) Is it ...? . Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
we're (we are) we aren't (we are not) Are we ... ? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
you're (you are) you aren't (you are not) Are you ...? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
they're (they are) they aren't (they are not) Are they ... ? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
1 You are very tall. You're very tall.
2 He is clever.
3 We are not on holiday.
4 I am in the garden.
5 They are not cousins.
6 She is not happy.
7 They are very loud.
8 It is not a good idea.
3 Look at the picture and complete the sentences with the correct form of be.
1 The children aren'tI are not at school. 5 The water warm.

2 It a beautiful day. 6 It winter.
3 It cold. 7 They happy.
4 They at the beach . 8 Holidays cool!
4 Complete the sentences about you with the correct form of be.
1 I ' m/'m not I am/am not from 5 My friends and I at

Egypt. school now.
2 I crazy 6 Mycousins funny.

about science.
7 I nine years
3 My dad a scientist. old.
4 Mymum nice. 8 My house new.
11
5 Look at the picture and answer the questions.
1 Is it a rainy day? No it isn't. 5 Is the dog big?

2 Are the girls happy? 6 Is the door black?
3 Is the house small? 7 Is the boy tall?
4 Are the cats white? 8 Is the car very old?
6 Complete the questions with am, are or is. Then complete the short answers.
1 Is Clara your new friend? 5 your cats black?
Yes, she is Yes,
2 you crazy about school? 6 I strong?
No, Yes,
3 the cats in the garden? 7 you and Baldo cousins?
Yes, No,
4 your brother young? 8 you 12 years old?

No,
No,
7 Circle the correct words. 8 Say it! Ask and answer the questions with
your partner.
1 Is t<fij;we at the beach?
2 My cousin is I are cool. Are you
3 Sharks isn't I aren't red. at the beach now?
4 Is I Are they sisters? No, I'm not.
5 Uncle Joe isn't I aren't in the . Is your school new?

house. . Is your best friend tall?
6 I am I are in the water. . Is your uncle a teacher?
7 You isn't I aren't short. . Is your classroom big?
8 Is I Are the baby happy? . Are your cousins clever?
. Is your birthday in April?
. Are you 12 years old?
1 Read.
Possessive adjectives
Possessive adjectives show that something belongs to someone or something.
They go before the noun.
My little sister is beautiful. Her hair is long.
The house is small. Its door is green.
Remember!
Subject pronouns lii"-'f:.l."\."llll:Jl'•h''"
my Be careful with these words:

you your it's (it is) and its.
he his you're (you are) and your.
she her he's (he is) and his.
it its
we our
you your
they their
2 Complete the sentences with possessive adjectives.
1 This house is amazing! Is it your house? (you)

2 Amy is sister. (I)
3 Elisabeth and I are cousins. mothers are sisters. (we)
4 Is Mr Lee teacher? (she)
5 It's very warm in house. (we)
6 Dad is 38 years old. name is Mark. (he)
7 Is father a scientist? (they)
8 The cat is white. eyes are green. (it)
13
3 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with these possessive adjectives.
her its .fftY" our their your
rn This is me. I'm with

~ Look at you!
hair is
my grandma. very short!
~ ~
Look at my fish.
[5J
[2J Dad and I are with names are
dog, Moose. Sharky and Nemo.
~ } ~~~~
,.__
~
Here's my rabbit.
Here's Mum. It's [§] ears are big!
birthday.
~ ~
.
4 Match.
1 The girls are sisters. a His birthday is in August.

2 I'm on holiday with Mum and Dad. b My classroom is small.
3 Grandma is very beautiful. c Her eyes are dark green.
4 Rick is my best friend. d Our hotel is on the beach.
5 I'm at school. e Their names are Cindy and Sally.
1 The girls are happy. Its /~alls are 5 Lucy is crazy about her I its horse.
beautiful.
6 Wang and I are brothers. Our I Their eyes
2 This is my pet rabbit. Their I Its ears are are brown.
very long.
7 I'm nine years old today! It's her I my
3 Mr Shaw is next to his I its car. birthday.
4 Father penguins keep its I their eggs warm. 8 You're clever. Its I Your idea is cool!
6 Say it! Tell your partner about your family.

Use possessive adjectives to talk about their My uncle is a teacher.
His name is Tim and his
names, jobs and birthdays. birthday is in June.
1 Read.
Possessive 's
We use 's to show that something belongs to someone or something.
This is Natalia's book.
We add 's to singular nouns.
This is the penguin's egg.
When the noun is plural, we add an apostrophe after the -s.
This is the boys' house.
But when the noun has an irregular plural, we add 's.
The children's hair is dark.
The women's daughters are clever.
2 Complete the sentences with the possessive's ('s or'). Use the words in brackets.
1 The girl's idea is great! (girl)
2 lemonade is on the table. (Grandma)
3 The dog is cool. (twins)
4 Your cat is hungry. (cousins)
5 My job is amazing. (uncle)
6 The grandad is in the water. (children)
7 Is the mum in the hut? (boys)
8 The sister is tall. (babies)
15
3 Look at the pictures and circle the correct words.
1 Jack is the girl's t@father. 4 The penguin's I penguins' chick is

beautiful.
2 The boy's I boys' hands are cold. 5 The women's I woman's husbands are tall.
3 The chimp's I chimps' arms are long. 6 The bird's I birds' feet are red.
4 Choose the correct answers. S Say it! Ask and answer questions with your
partner about you, your family, your friends
1 Is that your _ _ brother?
and your teachers.
a grandmas' @ grandma's
2 My _ _ house is near the sea.
What's your .. :s
a parent's b parents' name? Her/His name
is ...
3 _ _ cousins are in Africa.
a Mum's b Mums'
• Is your .. :s house big?
4 The two _ _ husbands are friends.
• :s
When is your .. birthday?
a women's b woman's
• What's your .. :s favourite colour?
5 _ _ friend is cool.
• What's your .. :s favourite lesson?
a Dad's b Dads'
• What's your .. :s favourite game?
6 What's the _ _ name?
• What's your friend's name?
a doctor's b doctors'
• What's your pet's name?
7 My _ _ names are Carla, Bea and Marta.
a sister's b sisters'
8 The _ _ birthday is in April.
a man's b men's
1 Read.
Have got
We use have got to show that something belongs to someone or something.
He's got a new laptop.
We use have got to describe someone or something.
His new laptop has got many games.
Affirmative I Negative
I've got (I have got) I haven't got (I have not got)

you've got (you have got) you haven't got (you have not got)
he's got (he has got) he hasn't got (he has not got)
she's got (she has got) she hasn't got (she has not got)
it's got (it has got) it hasn't got (it has not got)
we've got (we have got) we haven't got (we have not got)
you've got (you have got) you haven't got (you have not got)
they've got (they have got) they haven't got (they have not got)
Question Short answers

Remember!
Have I got ...? Yes, I have. No, I haven't.
Have you got ... ? Yes, you have. No, you haven't. Be careful with its
Has he got ... ? Yes, he has. No, he hasn't. (possessive adjective) and
Has she got ... ? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't. it's (it has) got.
Has it got ...? Yes, it has. No, it hasn't.
Have we got ... ? Yes, we have. No, we haven't.
Have you got ...? Yes, you have. No, you haven't.
Have they got ... ? Yes, they have. No, they haven't.
17
2 Complete the sentences with the short form of have got.
1 She 's got a board game.
2 _ _ _ _ _ a new skateboard. It's cool!
3 You _____ a strange message. It's a mystery!
4 They a real lizard.
5 We lots of video games.
6 The dog is happy. It _ _ _ _ a ball.
3 Complete the sentences with the negative form of have got.

1 Mum and I haven't got a map with us.
2 a present for Mae.
3 My cousin Tobias a real robot.
4 The city lots of museums.
5 You a new toy.
6 Aunt Lila and Uncle Marco _ _ _ _ _ _ _ new mobile phones.
4 Complete the questions using have got and the words in brackets. Then complete the
short answers.
1 Have Liz and Pete got a red pen? (Liz and Pete)
No, they haven't .
2 a laptop? (you)
No,
3 a house in Spain? (she)
Yes,
4 a fast bike? (Jason)
Yes,
5 the pieces of the puzzle? (we)
No,
6 a pet? (I)
Yes,

1 Josh haven't /~got a picture of a dragon in his room.
2 Have I Has they got a new puzzle?
3 Sammy have I has got a house near the sea.
4 Have I Has you got a message on your mobile phone?
5 The children have I has got a teddy bear.
6 Have I Has Uncle Harry got a camera?
7 We haven't I hasn't got any boots.
8 Have I Has I got an ant in my hair?
1 has I got! bicycle /? I he I a 4 ? I the I laptop I got I has I a I father
Has he got a bicycle?
Yes. he has.
2 she I game I ? I has I got I video I a 5 has I homework I she I got I ?
3 ? I they I laptops I got I have 6 got I have I they I? I sandwiches
7 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner about what you have and haven't got.
Use these suggestions to help you.
Have you got a kite? Yes, I have.
• bike • video games • laptop

• brother • dog • phone
• cat • garden • sister
19
Lesson 2
1 Read.
There is, There are
We use there is and there are to talk or ask about what exists when we are describing something in the
present.
There are two mobile phones on the table.
Is there a snake in the bedroom?
We use there is and there are to describe situations and places.
There is a lizard in the garden.
There aren't any toys in the box.
Affirmative Negative Question Short answers
There's (There is) There isn't (There is not) Is there ... ? Yes, there is. No, there isn't.
There are There aren't (There are not) Are there ... ? Yes, there are. No, there aren't.
Prepositions of place
We use prepositions of place to show where someone or something is.
behind near
~~
The ball is behind the box.
between
The ball is between the boxes.
°'
~
The ball is near the box.
next to
The ball is next to the box. ~
~
in
~
on
The ball is in the box. The ball is on the box.
in front of
The ball is in front of the box. eJ under
The ball is under the box. tJ
at the top/bottom in hospital on the left/right
at school/work/home in bed on the plane/train/bus
in the middle
1 There aren ?t any koalas in Europe. X
2 some good puzzles in the toy shop. ./
3 a young girl on the beach . ./
4 any lizards in the sea. X
5 a picture of a fish in my book. ./
6 a phone on the desk. X
3 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 Is there a map in the boy's hand? 4 Are there any boots under the bed?
Yes, there is.
2 Are there any books in the bag? 5 Is there a board game on the desk?
3 Is there a robot in the shop window? 6 Is there an astronaut on the moon?
21
4 Complete the questions and short answers.
1 Are there any scary animals in the video 4 a toy robot near the window?
game?
Yes,
No, there aren't .
5 any watches in the shop?
2 _ _ _ __ a new message on your phone?
Yes,
Yes, _ _ _ _ _ __
6 a guitar in your bedroom?
3 _ __ __ any board games at school?
No,
No, _ __ _ _ __
5 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with these words.
behind between in in front of Oft" under
1 The globe is _ _o~"~- the box. 4 The lizard is _____ the box.
2 The shoes are _____ the box. 5 The kite is _____ the box.
3 The teddy bear is _ _ __ _ the box. 6 The spider is _____ the boxes.
e~
(J
1 Is there a skateboard on the table?

No. there isn't.
2 Is there a bike under the window?
3 Are there two mobile phones behind the laptop?
4 Is there a clock between the lizard and the picture?
5 Are there any eggs in the box?
6 Is there a picture next to the door?
7 Say it! Tell your partner about your bedroom. Say what there is and isn't in your bedroom.
Use prepositions of place to describe where things are in the room.
My bedroom is small, but it's got

a big window. There is a desk
next to the window ...
23
Review
1 Complete the sentences with be. 2 Complete the sentences with possessive
is adjectives.
1 The camera new. ./
2 You happy today. X 1 I've got a laptop. My_ laptop is cool!
2 That's my friend Steven. birthday
3 The astronaut very tall../
is today.
4 We hungry. X
3 You've got a new phone! mobile
5 Mum and Dad at the museum. X phone is great.
6 crazy about computer games. X 4 We've got a rabbit. rabbit is
7 The skateboard amazing!./ hungry.
8 It warm today. X 5 There is a spider on the floor! legs

are very long.
6 Keyu and Lee have got a kite. kite
is in the sky!
3 Match.
1 Is the lizard ugly? a No, you aren't.

2 Are the chicks cold? b Yes, he is.
3 Am I funny? c Yes, she is.
4 Is Mike a good swimmer? d No, I'm not.
5 Are you a pupil? e Yes, it is.
6 Is she French? f Yes, they are.
4 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with prepositions of place.
1 The chair is in front of the umbrella. 4 The boy is the tree.

2 The orange is _ _ _ _ _ the apple. 5 The cat is _ _ _ _ _ the box.
3 The cat is the chair. 6 The umbrella is the chairs.
boy boys children girl girls .twifls"
1 The twins' presents are big. 4 The bike is new.
2 The teacher is short. 5 The skateboard is fast.
3 The boots are old. 6 The hats are funny.
6 Complete the questions using have got and the words in brackets. Then complete the short
answers.
1 Has the 12enguin got big feet? 4 a strange
(the penguin) pet? (Rick and Emily)
No, it hasn't Yes,
2 a map? (we) 5 an exciting
job? (you)
Yes,
Yes,
3 a photo of a
penguin? (Uncle Tony) 6 long hair?
(Carla)
No,
No,
25
7 Complete the sentences with have got.
1 I 've/have got a great idea!./
2 Sandy lots of emails.)<
3 We a grey cat../
4 Jason dark eyes . ./
5 You a lot of homework today.)<
6 My grandparents a very beautiful garden . ./

1 There isn't /~a lot of houses on 4 There aren't I There isn't a map of Africa
the beach. in the classroom.
2 There are /There is three presents in Kate's 5 There is I There are a laptop on the desk.
room.
6 Is there I Are there a small bottle of water
3 Is there I Are there two teddy bears on the bed? in your bag?
WRITING PROJECT
9 Look at a project about sharks. Circle the correct words.
Sharks
Sharks (1) has got /~a bad name.
People think they are scary, but most sharks
(2) is not I are not dangerous.
Sharks (3) is I are a kind of fish.
(4) There is I There are about 400 kinds of

sharks around the world. The smallest shark,
the dwarf lanternshark, is 17 centimetres
long. The largest, the whale shark, (5) is I are
12 metres long.
The Caribbean reef shark can grow to about

3 metres. It (6) has got I have got big eyes,
but its teeth (7) is not I are not very big. It lives
close to coral reefs. (8) It's/ Its favourite food
is fish.
10 Now it's your turn to do a project about an animal. Find or draw a picture of the animal and
write about it.
1 Read.
Present simple affirmative

We use the present simple to talk about
Affirmative
• general truths.
It snows in winter. I sing
• things that we do regularly. you sing
On Saturdays we go to the beach. he sings
she sings
• permanent situations.
it sings
My grandparents live in Spain.
we sing
We form the affirmative of the third person singular (he, she, it) by adding -s to the verb. you sing
like likes they sing
eat eats
give gives
We form the affirmative of the third person singular of verbs that end in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x and -o, by adding -es.
miss misses fix fixes
wash washes do does
touch touches
When a verb ends in a consonant+ -y, we take off the -y and add -ies to form the affirmative of the
third person singular.
study studies carry carries
When a verb ends in a vowel+ -y, we just add -s to form the affirmative of the third person singular.
play plays stay stays
Time expressions
The following time expressions go at the beginning or at the end of a sentence: every day/night/week/
month/year, at the weekend, in the morning/afternoon/evening, on Thursdays/Saturdays, etc.
My cousin cleans his room every Saturday.
On Wednesdays we go to my aunt's house.
27
2 Complete the table.
Verb I/you/we/they he/she/it

carry carry carries
fix
give
go
like
stay
touch
wash
3 Choose the correct answers.

1 Paul and Hannah _ _ in a museum.
@ work b works
2 Kate _ _ lots of fish.
a eat b eats
3 We _ _ our pet rabbit at home.
a keep b keeps
4 Every year, you _ _ me a nice present on my birthday.
a gives b give
5 I _ _ music in my bedroom.
a plays b play
6 They _ _ their phones all the time.
a use b uses
4 Complete the sentences with the present simple. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 In winter it -~s=n=o~w=s_ _ in Canada. (snow)
2 Maren TV in the evening. (watch)
3 Our cousins with us every summer. (stay)
4 Every morning, Pat his books to school. (carry)
5 Aunt Liz in a museum. (work)
6 English. It's my favourite subject. (like)
7 We a calculator for our maths homework. (use)
8 My dad his car every weekend. (wash)
1 she/like/art ·
She Iikes art.
2 on Fridays I Mark I go I to the park
3 Maria I tidy I her room at the weekend
4 I I do I my homework in my bedroom
5 Natalie I know I the correct answer
6 we I brush I our teeth every morning and every evening
6 Complete the text with the present simple. Use these words.
brush come go have love .µJar sit watch
On Friday morning, Sofia and I (1) play computer

games. Then we walk to the park. Sofia (2) _ _ __
the park.
In the afternoon, we (3) TV in my bedroom.
Sofia (4) on my bed with Felix, my cat. In the
evening, Sofia and I (5) our teeth and
we (6) to bed.
On Saturday, Sofia's mum (7) to our house
to get her.
We (8) lots of fun. Sofia is cool!
7 Say it! Tell your partner what you do every week. Use these suggestions to help you.
• at the weekend • in the afternoon
• every day • in the evening
• in the morning • on Sundays, Mondays, etc. Every day, I go
to school.
29
Lesson 2
1 Read.
Present simple negative and questions

In the negative form, we use do or does, the word not and the infinitive of the main verb
without to (bare infinitive).
I don't like history.
Mark doesn't wash his bike every week.
In the question form, we use do or does and the bare infinitive.
Do you study English?
Does she carry her books to school?
In short answers, we only use do or does. We don't use the main verb.
Does she like my skateboard?
Yes, she does.
Do they have science lessons at school?
Yes, they do.
Negative Question · Short answers
I don't play (I do not play) Do I play? Yes, I do. No, I don't.

you don't play (you do not play) Do you play? Yes, you do. No, you don't.
he doesn't play (he does not play) Does he play? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
she doesn't play (she does not play) Does she play? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't.
it doesn't play (it does not play) Does it playZ Yes, it does. No, it doesn't.
we don't play (we do not play) Do we play? Yes, we do. No, we don't.
you don't play (you do not play) Do you play? Yes, you do. No, you don't.
they don't play (they do not play) Do they play? Yes, they do. No, they don't.
1 Max doesn't eat pasta at school. (eat)
2 I my teeth in the afternoon. (brush)
3 They fun in the geography lesson. (have)
4 We in the library..(play)
5 Sandy her homework at the weekend. (do)
6 You in front of the bookcase. (sit)
7 Our teacher a laptop. (use)
8 We Japanese food. (eat)
3 Complete the questions with do or does. Then complete the short answers.
1 Does she have fun at school? 5 he go to the canteen for lunch?
No, she doesn't No, _ _ _ _ __
2 _____ Tara eat burgers? 6 _____ we sing in the music lesson?
Yes, _ _ _ _ __ Yes, _ _ _ _ __
3 they get up at ten o'clock 7 Mrs Gomez use the globe in the
on Saturdays? geography lesson?
Yes, _ _ _ _ __ Yes,
4 you like eggs for breakfast? 8 they carry their laptops to school?
No, _ _ _ _ __ No, _ _ _ _ __
4 Write questions with these words. Then answer the questions so they are true for you.
1 you I wear I a uniform to school
Do you wear a uniform to school?
Yes. I do. I No. I don't.
2 your best friend I like I lizards
3 your friends I watch /TV
4 you I have I lunch at school
5 your school I have a big playground
31
S Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 Does he like maths? 4 Does she get up at seven o'clock every morning?
No he doesn't.
2 Do they cook on Saturdays? 5 Do the children eat in the kitchen?
3 Do they wear hats in the classroom? 6 Does she go to the park?
6 Circle the correct words. 7 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your
partner about what you do and don't do
1 My cousin Sarni don'tt§wear
a helmet to school. every day. Use these suggestions to help you.
2 'Do you like sports?'

'Yes, I do I don't:
3 It don't I doesn't snow in the summer. Do you have lunch No, I don't.
at school every day?
4 'Do they go to the art club after school?'
'No, they do I don't :
5 Mr Jones don't I doesn't teach history.
. walk to school? • everyday
6 'Do children wear school uniforms

. get up at seven • every morning
in Argentina?' o'clock?
• every afternoon
'Yes, they do I does: . have lunch at • every night
7 'Does he like computer lessons?' school?
'No, he don't I doesn't: • at the weekend
· , play in a team?
8 We don't I doesn't eat in the canteen . stay at home? • on Sundays,
Mondays, etc.
every day.
. meet your friends
after school?
1 Read.
Adverbs of frequency
We use adverbs of frequency when we talk about habits or when we want to say how often
something happens.
0% 100%
never sometimes often usually always
Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb.

We often walk to school.
They always have lunch at one o'clock.
But they go after the verb be.
It is usually warm in the summer.
She is often at home on Wednesdays.
We use How often ... ? to ask for more information about how frequently something happens.
How often do you write in your diary?
How often does mum buy ice cream?
Time expressions
We can use the following time expressions to answer the question How often ... ?
every day/week/weekend/month, once/twice/three times a day/week/month/year, etc.
How often do you cook?
Once a day.
33
2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences or questions.
1 at I go I usually I we I to bed I nine o'clock
We usually go to bed at nine o'clock.
2 never I Dad I works I weekend I at I the
3 ? I games I how often I you I play I do I video
4 usually I a test I have I on Tuesdays I we
5 ? I your mum I cook I how often I does
6 ? I they I how often I do I the park I to I go
3 Look at the table and complete the sentences.
stays at home finishes school wears jeans reads comics talks to friends
on Mondays at three o'clock to school in bed on the phone
Vicky ,/ ,/ ,/ ,/ ,/ - - ,/
Todd ,/ ,/ - ,/ ,/ ,/ ,/ ,/
1 Vicky never wears jeans to school.

2 Todd reads comics in bed. never-
3 Todd wears jeans to school. sometimes./
4 Vicky and Todd talk to friends on the phone. often ./ ./
5 Vicky reads comics in bed. usually./ ./ ./
6 Todd finishes school at three o'clock. always ./ ./ ./ ./
7 Todd stays at home on Mondays.
8 Vicky finishes school at three o'clock.

1 I don't like food in the morning. I _ _ have 4 Lara likes games. She _ _ buys them from
breakfast. the shop.
@ never b always a often b never
2 Paola loves books. She _ _ goes to the 5 Gaby plays the guitar. She _ _ goes to
library after school. the music club after school.
a never b usually a sometimes b never
3 I'm scared of dogs. I _ _ go near them. 6 We only do sums in the lesson. Our teacher
_ _ gives us sums for homework.
a always b never
a often b never
always never often sometimes usually
1 How often do you walk to school?
2 How often do you see your grandparents?
3 How often do you study in the library?
4 How often do you watch films?
5 How often do you wear jeans to school?
6 How often do you talk to your friends on the phone?
7 How often do you sing in the music lesson?
8 How often do you have lunch at school?
6 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner. Use these suggestions to help you.
How often do you I go to the beach

go to the beach? twice a year.
• go to the beach? • everyday

• play a sport? • everyweek
• see your best friend? • every weekend
• cook? • every month
• go on holiday? • once/twice/three times a day
• have an English lesson? • once/twice/three times a week
• eat burgers? • once/twice/three times a month
• go to the park? • once/twice/three times a year
35
Where is Greece?
1 Read. Who can point
to Greece?
Question words
We use question words when we want more information than just yes or no in the answer.
We use the following question words:
· What to ask about things or actions. · Why to ask about the reason for something.
What is this? It's a stamp collection. Why do you collect stamps? I think it's
What do you do on Saturdays? I do my interesting.
homework. · Which to ask about one person or thing
· Who to ask about people. within a group of similar people or things.
Who is this? My friend Paul. Which pencil do you want? I want the blue one.
· Where to ask about position or place. · How to ask about the way someone does
Where is my guitar? It's on your bed. something.
· Whose to ask who something belongs to. How do you go to school? I go to school by bus.
Whose comic is it? It's my comic.
· When to ask about time.
When is the art competition? It's on Friday.
When we use question words to ask about the subject of a sentence (the person, animal
or thing that does the action), the word order does not change and the verb stays in the
affirmative form.
Who Jives here?
(Sally lives here.) Remember!
Whose drink is on the table?
(Peter's drink is on the table.) Be careful with these words:
Who's (who is) and Whose (asks
When we use question words to ask about something who something belongs to).
other than the subject of a sentence, then the word Who's in the classroom?
order changes to the question form. Clare is in the classroom.
What do you eat in the morning? Whose skateboard is this?
(I eat eggs.) It's Clare's skateboard.
Where do you stay in the summer?
(I stay at my uncle's house.)
1 What /~is your favourite singer? 5 Where /What is the matter with Donna?
2 Whose /Who's shop is this? 6 Who I How do you make a kite?
3 When /What do you go swimming? 7 Why I Which do you do your homework

at school?
4 Which I How bag do you like?
8 Who /Where is the library?
3 Match.
1 When do you get up? a It's George.
2 Where does he live? b The small one.
3 Whose burger is this? c C-A-T
4 Who's the boy in school uniform? d I'm hungry.
5 What do students do after school? e Their homework.
6 How do you spell 'cat'? f It's mine.
7 Which ball do you want? g At half past seven.
8 Why do you want a sandwich? h In a beach house.
4 Look at the pictures and complete the questions with question words.
When is Grandma's
birthday?
_ _ _ do you play I think they're

exciting.
computer games?
-
[Kl
37
S Put the words in the correct order to make questions.
1 the I is I Chinese lesson I when
When is the Chinese lesson?
2 your I game I is I what I favourite
3 comics I these I w~ose I are
4 the puzzle I has got I who I a piece of
5 stay I in I where I you I do I the summer
6 cake I do I make I how I a I you
6 Look at the answers and complete the questions.

1 Who comes from Brazil ?
Where does Liz come from ?
Liz comes from Brazil.
2 Who ?
What ?
Tom likes puzzles.
3 What ?
When ?
The competition is on Friday.
4 Who ?
Where ?
Jamie and Helen live in Canada.
5 Whose ?
Where ?
Susan's laptop is in the classroom.
7 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner. Use these suggestions to help you.
• What is your favourite sport?
• What is your favourite hobby?
Who is your best
• When is your birthday? friend?
• What do you usually have for breakfast?
• Where do you live?
1 Read.
Can
We use can to
• show ability.
We can sing.
Can they speak French? Remember!
• ask for or give permission to do something.
Can I go on the roller coaster?
Bare infinitive =
You can go to the park on Saturday.
infinitive without to
Can is followed by the bare infinitive.
We use can for the present and the future.
Can I go to the amusement park, Mum?
We can go swimming at the weekend.
We often use can with verbs of feeling, such as see, hear, smell, etc.
I can hear the roller coaster!
We don't usually use cannot in everyday English.
But we sometimes use it to give emphasis.
No, John, you cannot go to the park!
•Ttrt ..... Short answers
I can go. I can't (cannot) go. Can I go? Yes, I can. No, I can't.
You can go. You can't (cannot) go. Can you go? Yes, you can. No, you can't.
He can go. He can't (cannot) go. Can he go? Yes, he can. No, he can't.
She can go. She can't (cannot) go. Can she go? Yes, she can. No, she can't.
It can go. It can't (cannot) go. Can it go? Yes, it can. No, it can't.
We can go. We can't (cannot) go. Can we go? Yes, we can. No, we can't.
You can go. You can't (cannot) go. Can you go? Yes, you can. No, you can't.
They can go. They can't (cannot) go. Can they go? Yes, they can. No, they can't.
39
2 Complete the sentences with can or can't.
1 Teddy bears can't speak. 4 Sharks can't fly.
2 Penguins _ _ _ _ swim. 5 Spiders _ _ _ _ move fast.
3 Babies _ _ _ _ ride bicycles. 6 Computers _ _ _ _ cook.
3 Complete the sentences using can or can't and the words in brackets.
1 Can he cook Chinese food? (cook)
2 Students comics in the classroom. (read)
3 we to the amusement park? (go)
4 Bobby a computer, because he hasn't got any money. (buy)
5 It's very cold. You today. (swim)
6 We lunch in the canteen. (have)
4 Look at the pictures and write sentences about them. Use can or can't.
1 they I cook 4 you I eat here

They can cook.
2 the dog I come in 5 the baby I do the puzzle
3 Dina I play the guitar 6 the girls I see the park from the Ferris wheel
1 penguins I fly · 4 your dad I make a cake
Can penguins fly?
No. they can't.
2 your brother I play the piano 5 your mum I speak Spanish
3 robots I talk 6 chimpanzees I read books
6 Look at the picture and answer the questions.
rc---D
1 Can Mum read her book? 7 Say it! Ask and answer questions with a
Yes. she can. partner about what you can or can't do.
2 Can the boy fly a kite?
3 Can the baby play with his toys? Can you speak Yes, I can.
English?
4 Can the girl ride her bike?

• make a kite • play the guitar
• ride a bike • speak Chinese
5 Can Dad catch any fish?
• have chocolate • make a cake
for breakfast
• stay up late at the
6 Can the girls see any birds? • use a laptop weekend
41
Review

1 The library doesn't opens t@at nine o'clock.
2 Dad carries I carry my baby brother to the park.
3 The children do I does their homework in the kitchen.
4 We don't I doesn't dance in the music lesson.
5 The students at my school reads I read lots of books.
6 I enjoys I enjoy art lessons.
7 Mum doesn't works I work at the weekend.
8 Our teacher tidy I tidies the classroom every afternoon.
2 Complete the questions using the words in brackets. Then complete the short answers.
1 Does it snow in summer? (it/ snow) No, it doesn't
2 a helmet to work? (Dad I wear) Yes, _ _ _ _ __
3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ comics at the canteen? (they I sell) No, _ _ _ _ __
4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your kite on the beach? (you I fly) Yes, _ _ _ _ __
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ice skating on Saturdays? (she I go) No, _ _ _ _ __
6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ our geography books? (we I need) Yes, _ _ _ _ __
3 Look at the answers and complete the questions.

1 Who lives in Canada ? 4 Who ?
Where does Cath¥ Iive ? What ?
Cathy lives in Canada. Tom wants to buy a skateboard.
2 What ? 5 Who ?
When ? Why ?
The party is on Saturday. Paul is sad because he has got a test.
3 Whose ? 6 Who ?
Where ? When ?
Mr Smith's car is in the garage. Marla calls her grandma on Saturdays.
1 her cousins I visits I Daniella I sometimes I on Saturdays
On Saturda~ Daniella sometimes visits her cousins .
2 goes shopping I Susan I on Fridays I with her friends I often
3 every night I takes his dog I usually I for a walk I Paul
4 at the weekend I sometimes I I I ride my horse
5 never I Jill I in winter I goes swimming
6 play I Judy and Simone I with their doll's house I usually I after school
5 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with can or can't.
1 Tommy can play tennis. 4 Mum use a laptop.
2 Fish walk. 5 They find the sports centre.
3 My friends dance. 6 Liz play the piano.
43
6 Complete the dialogue with these words .
.Aew what when where which who whose why
Tina: Hi, Lilly. (1) How are you?

Lilly: I'm fine, thank you. Can I ring you later? I'm not at home now.
Tina: Oh, (2) _ _ _ _ are you?
Lilly: I'm in a shop. I need to buy a birthday present.
Tina: (3) _ _ _ _ birthday is it?
Lilly: It's Michelle's birthday tomorrow.
Tina: (4) Michelle?
Lilly: My cousin Michelle.
Tina: Oh, yes! (5) _ _ _ _ do you want to buy her?
Lilly: I don't know. Have you got any ideas?
Tina: (6) _ _ _ _ do the shops close?
Lilly: Um, six o'clock I think. (7) _ _ _ _ do you want to know?
Tina: Because I can come and meet you. We can buy her present together.
Lilly: Great idea! We are outside the music shop.
Tina: We? (8) _ _ _ _ are you with?
Lilly: I'm with Rosie.
Tina: OK. See you soon!
WRITING PROJECT
7 Look at a project about a famous building. Complete the project with these words.
can can't hear -tRtn-k" usually visit
TheTaj Mahal
Most people (1) think of the Taj Mahal when they

(2) the word India. It's not surprising; it is the most
famous building in India.
The Taj Mahal is a beautiful white marble building. There is a big
garden around it, and there is a water tank in the centre of the garden.
The Taj Mahal is one of the seven wonders of the new world. Many
people (3) it every year. They (4) visit in
October, November and February because it isn't very hot then.
Visitors (5) take many things into the Taj Mahal. They
(6) only take water, a small camera and a
mobile phone.
8 Now it's your turn to do a project about a famous building in your country. Find or draw a
picture of the building and write about it.
1 Read.
Imperative Remember!
We use the imperative when
We often use the word please so
• we give instructions or orders. that we are more polite.
Cut the cake, Paul! Open the door, please.
• we want to prevent something. Please buy a birthday card for Sally.
Don't move! There's a spider over there.
We form the imperative with the bare infinitive.
We don't use a subject pronoun. The imperative is
the same whether we are talking to one person or to many people.
Do your homework, Mary.
Mum, Dad, buy me some candles!
Get up! It's late.
We form the negative with the word don't.
Don't draw on the desk!
2 Complete the sentences with the imperative. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 Don't swim
in that water! (not swim) 5 lunch for me. I've got a
.d (b ) sandwich. (not make)
2 _ _ _ _ _ _ care f u I on th en es.1 e
3 to bed. It's midnight! (go) 6 your teeth, please. (brush)
7 _ _ _ _ _ _ there. That's my seat. (not sit)
4 _ _ _ _ _ _ that! It's paint!
(not touch) 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ your books away. (put)
45
3 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the correct imperative form of these verbs.
drink finish go play ..tAfew write
_ _ _ _ _ in the
library, please.
Object pronouns
We use object pronouns to replace the object
Subject pronouns Object pronouns
of a sentence. Objects are words (nouns, pronouns)
that usually come after the verb. me
Look at the balloons! Look at them! you you
Can I open the present? Can I open it? he him
she her
it it
we us
you you
they them
4 Complete the sentences with object pronouns.

1 Dance with me , please! (I)
2 Mum made a costume for . (he)
3 Throw the ball to . (we)
4 Open the door for , please. (they)
5 Give the phone to . (she)
6 Can I come shopping with ? (you)
1 Where's my uniform? I can't find it 4 We're hungry. Buy two burgers for
2 Those are my stamps. Give to me! 5 She's a good dancer. Look at
3 I need a calculator. Find one for I

6 They're tourists. Ask where they're
please. from.
Let's
We use Let's with the bare infinitive to suggest something.
Let's have lunch at Sarah's house. Remember!
Let's make a birthday cake for Vicky.
We form the negative with the word not. . Bare infinitive = infinitive
Let's not go to the park today. without to.
Let's not go swimming in the sea.
6 Complete the sentences using Let's or Let's not and the words in brackets.
1 Let's go tothefilmfestival.llovefilms. (go)
2 _ _ _ _ _ _ our bikes. It's boring. (ride)
3 _ _ _ _ _ _ a party. It's your birthday! (have)
4 _ _ _ _ _ _ lunch in the garden. It's cold. (have)
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ our faces for the party! It's fun! (paint)
6 _ _ _ _ _ _ to this music. I don't like it. (listen)
7 Match.
1 What can we do this weekend? - - - - - - - a Let's not swim here.
2 The tourists can't speak Greek. b Let's not go to the cinema again.
3 Those are Paul's balloons. c Speak to them in English.
4 There are sharks in this sea. d Don't give them to John.
5 We need to decorate the house for the party. e Let's get them from Dad's shop.
6 We need some candles for the cake. f Let's get some balloons.
8 Say it! Make arrangements for the weekend with your partner. Use these suggestions to help
you.
Let's go to the OK, and in the

park on Saturday afternoon, let's go
morning. to the shops.
• watch a DVD • have a party

• go to the amusement park • play basketball
• go for a walk • go bowling
47
Lesson 2
1 Read.
Countable and uncountable nouns

Countable nouns are nouns that we can count. They have both singular and plural forms. When the
subject of a sentence is in the plural, then the verb must also be in the plural.
Sam's ball is blue.
The balls are green.
Uncountable nouns are nouns that we cannot count. They don't have plural forms. When the subject of
a sentence is an uncountable noun, then the verb must be in the singular.
John's got lots of work.
Ice cream is delicious.
We can use expressions such as: a piece of, a slice of, a cup of, Remember!
a glass of, a carton of, a loaf of, etc. to show how much
we have of something. We don't use a or an with
I've got a piece of cake. uncountable nouns.
Two cups of coffee, please.
2 Complete the table with these nouns.
.QRf.mat clown ..furr hair laptop map )

money music party robot time work
Countable Uncountable
animal fun
{~,c:f
~~
1 I'm hungry. Let's make some sandwiches 4 Sandra has got long _ _ _ _ __
2 We need red for the party. 5 Wow! That's a lot of _ _ _ _ __
.....
-
3 My sister's favourite food is _ _ _ _ __ 6 Mum, we must buy some _ _ _ _ __
for the twins.

1 Our teacher always gives us _ _ homework.
a a @-
2 Wow! Look at the _ _ at this party!
a food b foods
3 This is _ _ great film!
a - b a
4 Oh no! I've got paint in my _ _ !
a hair b hairs
5 _ _ there music at the carnival?
a Are b Is
6 Have you got _ _ costume for the carnival?
a - b a
49
5 Look at the pictures and complete the phrases with one of these expressions.
a carton of a cup of a glass of a loaf of .a paeket at a slice of
1 --~a..._.,.p=
a=ck~e=t~o~
f ___ crisps 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ lemonade
2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ milk 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ bread
--
3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pizza 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ coffee
6 Say it! Talk to your partner about what things you've got. Use these suggestions to help you.
• in your schoolbag
• in your bedroom
• in your fridge
I've got lots of
books in my bag. I've got an apple
and an orange.
1 Read.
Some, any
We use some in affirmative sentences with uncountable nouns
and plural countable nouns to say that something exists. Remember!
There are some toys in the box.
There's some food in the kitchen. We can use the word some in
We use any in negative sentences and questions with questions when we ask for or
uncountable nouns and plural countable nouns to say that offer something.
something doesn't exist or to ask if something exists. Can I have some money, please?
Are there any drinks on the table? Can I get you some coffee?
I haven't got any homework today.

1 There aren't _ _ DVDs in the room. 5 Has the clown got _ _ balloons?
a some @ any a some b any
2 We've got _ _ lemonade in our bags. 6 _ _ any kites in the shop?
a any b some a Is there b Are there
3 _ _ any tickets for the play. 7 Please send us _ _ invitations.
a There are b There aren't a any b some
4 Do you watch _ _ TV after dinner? 8 _ _ any sharks in the sea.
a any b some a There are b There aren't
51
3 Complete the sentences with some or any.
1 I need some candles for the cake.
2 Have you got friends in Australia?
3 There aren't good costumes this year.
4 Are you hungry? We've got burgers.
5 Are there monsters in the film?
6 He hasn't got solutions to the problem.
7 He needs money to buy presents.
8 There aren't masks in the shop.
9 We need food for the festival.
4 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences using some or any and the words given.
1 snow I the beach 4 rides I amusement park

There isn't any snow on the beach There are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 maps I classroom 5 food I the plate

There aren't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ There is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 presents I the table 6 fruit I bowl

Are there _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? There is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Veronica: It's carnival time! Have you got a costume?
Graciana: Yes, I have. I've got two costumes. One for me and one for you, but I haven't got
(1) any hats.
Veronica: I've got (2) hats. They're my brother's. We always like the hats and masks!
Graciana: Wait, I've got an idea!
Veronica: I have, too. Let's buy (3) balloons.
Graciana: No, we don't need (4) balloons. Dad buys them for us every year. Let's get
(5) paint, paper and glue.
Veronica: We don't need (6) paint, paper or glue for the carnival, Graciana!
Graciana: Oh, yes we do. Let's make our own masks!
Veronica: Great idea!
6 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner about what there is at your school.
paint . ice cream Are there any computers

. coffee . balloons at your school?
. art lessons . food
lemonade . comics Yes, there are.
. computers . canteen
53
1 Read.
Much, many
We use much and many to describe quantity. We use much with uncountable nouns mainly
in negative sentences and questions.
There isn't much cheese in my sandwich.
Have you got much time? Remember!
We use many with plural countable nouns mainly in
We usually don't use much and
negative sentences and questions.
many in affirmative sentences.
There aren't many waiters in the restaurant.
We use a lot of or lots of instead.
Are there many glasses on the table?
She's got a lot of I lots of friends.
We use How much ... ?and How many ... ? when we ask Dean drinks a lot of I lots of water.
about quantity. We use How much ...? for uncountable
nouns and How many ... ? for countable nouns.
How much fruit do you eat?
How many plates are there?

1 Are there much t@oranges on the tree?
2 He hasn't got much I many work to do today.
3 The amusment park is boring. There aren't much I many rides.
4 She doesn't have much I many snacks.
5 There aren't much I many desserts on the menu. ,
6 The man in the cafe hasn't got much I many hair.
7 Are there much I many children in the parade?
8 There isn't much I many pizza on the plate.
~~~ \
Drinks
Coffee £3.00 · \
Qrange Juice £ 2.00 I
Sandwiches \ .
Egg £1.75 .
1 There isn't much ketchup. 4 There aren't drinks on this menu.
2 There aren't people at the cafe. 5 There aren't pieces in this puzzle.
<:::::::: -;::>
r--===---1
3 There isn't water in the glass. 6 There isn't ice in this drink.
4 Complete the questions with How much or How many.

1 How many candles are there on the cake?
2 ________ food do we need for the party?
3 ________ glasses are there on the kitchen table?
4 ________ fast food restaurants are there in your town?
5 ________ cheese do we need for the sandwiches?
6 ________ milk do you drink in the morning?
7 ________ people go to the food festival every year?
8 ________ money do we need for the carnival costumes?
S Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner about what you eat and drink.
• milk I for breakfast?
How many meals do
• fruit I in the evening? you have a day?
• meat I for dinner?
• sandwich I at school? I usually have three.
• water I every day?
• biscuit I every day?
55
Lesson 2
1 Read.
A lot of, lots of, a few, a little

We use a lot of or lots of with countable and uncountable nouns in affirmative and negative sentences
and in questions.
We've got lots of food.
He hasn't got a lot of toys.
Have you got lots of friends?
We use a few with plural countable nouns in affirmative sentences and in questions to show that a
small number of something exists. It has a positive meaning.
She's got a few friends in China.
Do you want a few chips?
We use a little with uncountable nouns in affirmative sentences and in questions to show that a small
amount of something exists. It has a positive meaning.
There is a little mustard.
Can I have a little juice, please?

1 They've got _ _ DVDs. 5 There's _ _ food on the table.
a a little @ a lot of a a lot of b afew
2 I've got _ _ good friends. 6 Suzie eats _ _ meat every day.
a a few b a little a a few b a little
3 There are _ _ magazines on the table. 7 , There are _ _ Indian restaurants in the city.
a a little b a few a lots of b a little
4 For breakfast, I usually drink _ _ apple juice. 8 My brother eats _ _ chicken.
a a little b afew a a few b lots of
1 Nancy has got a lot of I lots of apples. 4 There are eggs in the box.
2 I've got chocolate. 5 There's juice in the glass.
3 There are holes in 6 There are chips on

the cheese. the plate.
4 Complete the sentences with a few or a little.

1 There's a little milk in the glass.
2 Can I have _ _ _ _ _ _ ketchup, please?
3 Let's have _______ biscuits with our orange juice.
4 Can we have _______ chips with our sandwich?
5 There are _______ knives on the table.
6 Is there _______ rice for me?
7 Marco always has _______ cheese on his bread.
8 Let's buy _______ carrots for our carrot cake.
57
5 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences or questions.
1 a few I we've I tomatoes I got
We've got a few tomatoes.
2 coffee I want I a little I I I in I milk I my
3 ? I fish I lots of I they I do I in Spain I eat
4 for I need I a little I we I cake I the I butter
5 ? I people I are I the restaurant I in I there I a lot of
6 a little I drinks I he I with I lunch I his I juice
7 ? I children I in I a lot of I are I the I there I classroom
8 lots of I under I are I table I there I the I presents
6 Say it! Talk to your partner about what you and your family buy at the supermarket.
We buy lots of fruit. We buy a few cakes.
. a few . apples . fish

a little . bananas . juice
. a lot of . cakes . meat
. lots of . cheese . milk
. chicken . rice
. chocolate . water
1 Complete the sentences with the imperative. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 Finish your homework, please! (finish)
2 _ _ _ _ _ _ this snack before lunch. (not eat)
3 _ _ _ _ _ _ home late tonight. (not come)
4 _ _ _ _ _ _ to buy the eggs! (not forget)
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ me some pasta for dinner, please. (make)
6 _ _ _ _ _ _ a bottle of orange juice for the party, please. (buy)
2 Complete the sentences using Let's or Let's not and the verbs in brackets.
1 It's carnival time! Let's wear our masks. (wear)
2 It's very cold outside. skateboarding in the park. (go)
3 We've got a geography test tomorrow. to the library to study. (go)
4 The cat is hungry. it some food. (give)
5 Marco eats Italian food every day! spaghetti for him. (make)
6 She's sad. her a joke. (tell)
3 Complete the sentences with some or any.

1 Is there an¥ sugar in your tea?
2 She's got fruit in her bag.
3 Don't buy ice cream.
4 Look! I can see people in the sea!
5 I've got snacks for our picnic.
6 There aren't twins in my class this year.
4 Complete the sentences with object pronouns.

1 Give the knife to me , please. (I)
2 I sit next to at school. (she)
3 Dad loves fireworks. We always go to see them with . (he)
4 We've got the invitations with . (we)
5 Is Madeleine at the music festival with ? (you)
6 I often send text messages to . (Aunt Sue and Uncle Dean)
7 I can't find my costume for the carnival. Where is ? (it)
59
5 Complete the questions with How much or How many.
1 How many cartons of milk are there? 4 _ _ _ _ _ stalls are there at the festival?
2 cheese do we need for the 5 _ _ _ _ _ rides can you see?
spaghetti?
6 _ _ _ _ _ homework have we got
3 tea does he drink every day? today?
6 Circle the correct answers.

1 I want to send John -/@invitation.
2 There's a/- treasure hunt in the park today.
3 My cousin Lucy has got a/ - lovely hair.
4 He's got an/ - unusual coin in his collection.
5 Sam sends me an / - email every day.
6 We often eat a/ - Chinese food.
7 I usually have a I - cheese sandwich for lunch.
8 Most people really like a I - chocolate.
7 Look at the pictures and choose the correct answers.
1 There are _ _ bananas 2 There's _ _ jam in the jar. 3 There are _ _ clowns at
at the stall. the parade.
a a little
a lots of b a lot of
a a little
@ afew b a lot of
4 We've got _ _ masks for 5 There's only _ _ salad in 6 There are _ _ people at
the fancy-dress party. the bowl. the carnival.
a a little a a lot of a lots of
b lots of b a little b a little
a carton of ..Q-EttP"'Of a glass of a jar of a loaf of a packet of a slice of
Mum: May, help me serve our visitors, please.

May: OK, Mum. What do you need?
Mum: Um, (1) a cup of coffee for Mr Lewis, and (2) _ _ _ _ _ __ _
apple juice for his wife, please.
May: OK. Does Mr Lewis take milk and sugar?
Mum: Milk, yes, but no sugar. There's (3) milk in the fridge.
May: Mum, let's give them (4) cake, too.
Mum: Yes, you're right. There's also (5) biscuits in the cupboard.
Put some on a plate, please.
May: OK. Mum, I'm hungry. Have we got any sandwiches?
Mum: Well, there's (6) bread on the table.
May: Great, and there's (7) honey in the cupboard.
Mum: Honey sandwiches, May!
May: Yes, they're delicious!
WRITING PROJECT
9 Look at a project about the Great Barrier Reef. Complete the project with these words.
don't few let's lots .mat'l'1 remember some some
The Great Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef is near the coast of Queensland, Australia.
It is home to (1) many kinds of sea creatures. People from
all over the world visit the reef every year.
There are more than 400 kinds of coral and about 1,500 kinds of fish.
(2) fish can change their colours to hide from an enemy.
There are also (3) of different whales and dolphins.
Sometimes visitors see a (4) playing in the sea.
These clownfish usually live in pairs. These are just (5) _ _ __
animals that live on the reef.
The Great Barrier Reef is a very special place. (6) protect it.
(7) , when you visit, (8) throw rubbish into the sea!
10 Now it's your turn to do a project about a famous place in your country. Find or draw a picture
of the place and write about it.
61
1 Read.
Present continuous affirmative

We use the present continuous for actions that
• are in progress at the time of speaking.
Robbie and Jake are running in the race.
• are in progress around the time of speaking. Affirmative
These days, everyone is using the Internet.
• are temporary. I'm falling (I am falling)
She's living in London at the moment. you're falling (you are falling)
We form the affirmative with am, are or is and the main verb he's falling (he is falling)
with the -ing ending. she's falling (she is falling)
read reading it's falling (it is falling)
we're falling (we are falling)
When the main verb ends in -e, we take off the -e and add -ing.
you're falling (you are falling)
chase chasing
they're falling (they are falling)
When the verb ends in vowel +consonant, we double the final
consonant and add -ing.
win winning
When the verb ends in -ie, we take off the -ie and add -y and -ing.
lie lying
When the verb ends in -1, we double the -I and add -ing.
travel travelling
Time expressions
We often use the following time expressions with the present continuous: now, at the
moment, these days, this year, today, tonight, etc.
I am writing a letter at the moment.
Monica is working a lot these days.
Simon is staying with his grandparents tonight.
fall ~ falling I write ~ writing I cut ~ cutting
play -+ have -+ win -+
climb -+ dance -+ get -+
enter -+ leave -+ put -+
push -+ make -+ sit -+
sail -+ practise -+ stop -+
3 Complete the sentences with the present continuous. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 We 're/are working on the computer. (work)
2 Look! Terry a kite. (fly)
3 Tom his bike. (fix)
4 Sally the laptop. (use)
5 I for my test. (study)
6 Mum and Dad around Australia. (travel)
4 Complete the sentences with the present continuous. Use these verbs.
do move run ..wa+k- wear write
•m/am walking
1 I to school today.
2 Dimitra a helmet.
3 The robot its hands!
4 I an email to Uncle Bob.
5 Maria in the race.
6 Carlo and Mario the puzzle.
5 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1 are I fast I they I running I very
They are running very fast .
2 race I Todd I entering I the I is
3 park I are I we I the I sitting I in
4 her I she I doing I is I homework
5 Mandy I are I and I volleyball I Dad I playing
63
6 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the present continuous. Use these verbs.
climb ~ dive give ride sail
1 Chao _ _=is'---= ro=s=s=in,__,g;;J--__ the finish line.

c "- 4 They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to an island
2 He _ _ _ _ _ _ _~ 5 The teacher _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ him a prize.
3 They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ amountain. 6 Sara _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a horse.
7 Say it! Point to the children. Ask and answer questions with your partner about what they
are doing.
What is this
girl doing?
She's reading
a book.
1 Read.
I can't find the cat.

Is it sleeping?
No, Mum. The cat

isn't sleeping.
It's eating the fish!
Oh, no! That's

today's dinner!
Present continuous negative and questions

In the negative form, we use am, are or is, the word not and the main verb with the
-ing ending.
I am not working.
You are not listening.
Mel is not playing.
In the question form, we use am, are or is, and the main verb with the -ing ending.
Am I wearing your hat?
Are you listening to the radio?
Is Julie cooking dinner?
In short answers, we only use am, are or is. We don't use the main verb.
Am I doing my homework?
Yes, you are.
Are you enjoying the party?
No, I'm not.
Are Amanda and Paul watching TV?
Yes, they are.
Negative Short answers
I'm not falling (I am not falling) Am I falling? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
you aren't falling (you are not falling) Are you falling? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
he isn't falling (he is not falling) Is he falling? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
she isn't falling (she is not falling) Is she falling? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
it isn't falling (it is not falling) Is it falling? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
we aren't falling (we are not falling) Are we falling? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
you aren't falling (you are not falling) Are you falling? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
they aren't falling (they are not falling) Are they falling? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
65
2 Write negative sentences.
1 Juan I ride a horse 4 We I ride our bicycles
Juan isn't riding a horse.
2 Daiyu I dive 5 Jon and Anna I get ready
3 Aisha I wear boots 6 The gymnast I train
3 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 Is she drinking orange juice? 4 Are they diving?

No she isn't.
2 Is the dog chasing a cat? 5 Is the swimmer training for the competition?
3 Are they training for a race? 6 Is she climbing a mountain?

fhen complete the. short answers.
1 Is she riding her bike? (she I ride)
Yes, she is
2 a tennis match? (he I watch)

No,
3 scared now? (you I feel)
No,
4 in the team? (they I play)
Yes,
5 the ball? (the football player I kick)
Yes,
6 to the sports centre? (we I walk)
No,
5 Complete the text messages with the present continuous. Use these verbs.
call .de- get ready not do train watch
Speaker 1: Hi. (1) Are you doing your homework?

Speaker 2: No, I (2) homework! I (3) lV.
What about you?
Speaker 1: I (4) to go swimming with my brother. We've got a
swimming competition next week.
Speaker2: (S) you ?
Speaker 1: Yes, we are - every day! We've got to be ready. Oh, I've got to go. My brother
(6) me.
6 Say it! Take turns with your partner to mime a sport or activity. Your partner must guess what
you are doing. Use these suggestions to help you.
Are you
skateboarding? No, I'm not.
boxing playing football • running

cycling playing tennis • swimming
• diving • playing volleyball • climbing
67
Lesson 3
1 Read.
Present continuous (to express the future)
We use the present continuous to talk about our plans for the near future.
We always use time expressions with the present continuous when we are talking about
the future.
I am playing in a football match on Saturday.
We are meeting at the sports centre tonight.
When asking and answering questions about future plans, time expressions are sometimes
just used in the question.
What are you doing tomorrow?
I'm skating with my sister.
-~~=~=~--my dad's car this evening. (wash)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a guitar lesson today. (have)
you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ dinner tonight? (make)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ our grandma at the weekend. (not visit)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the race tomorrow. (not take part)
Mel _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on holiday this summer? (go)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to Lisbon this afternoon. (fly)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ tonight. (not study)

Hi, Mum and Dad!
Summer camp is great! There are lots of things to do.
~0
This afternoon, I (1) 'm/am having (have) a riding
lesson! My friend Clara (2) (come)
with me. She's got a horse at home! This
evening, all the children (3) (go)
bowling in the village. Tomorrow morning,
Helena and I (4) (play) tennis.
It's Helena's birthday on Thursday and we
(5) (have) a party at the beach. We
(6) (make) a special cake for her!
On Friday, we (7) (run) in a race
in the park.
I can't wait!
See you,
Veronica
4 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences about Daniela's and Eduardo's plans. Use the
present continuous.
Friday Saturday
afternoon -··~···~·
- morning
~
Daniela
Eduardo
1 On Friday morning, Daniela is buying a present

2 On Friday afternoon, Daniela _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 On Friday afternoon, Eduardo _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 On Saturday morning, Daniela _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __
5 On Saturday morning, Eduardo _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 On Saturday evening, Daniela and Eduardo _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
69
5 Complete the dialogue with the present continuous. Use these verbs.
buy come ..Q6 go have meet train watch
Ahmed: Let's go to the sports centre one day this week. There are basketball matches every day.
Malik: OK. Mmm, let me think.
Ahmed: Can you go this afternoon?
Malik: No, I (1) 'm/am going mountain climbing with Dad.
Ahmed: Wow! That's exciting. Let's go tomorrow afternoon. There's a match at four o'clock.
Malik: I can't. Tomorrow afternoon, I (2) for the tennis competition next
week. Can we go in the evening?
Ahmed: Oh dear. I can't. I (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the Olympic Games on TV with my family.
My cousin (4) at five o'clock.
Malik: Well, on Wednesday afternoon, I (5) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ tickets for the skating
championship, but I can go in the evening.
Ahmed: Oh, on Wednesday evening, I (6) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my friend Clara. She's got my
brother's mask and he needs it. He (7) diving at the weekend.
Malik: Let's go on Thursday.
Ahmed: On Thursday, we (8) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a party after school.
Malik: Yes, at three o'clock. We can go to the sports centre in the evening.
Ahmed: You're right. Great!
6 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner about your plans for the weekend. Use
these suggestions to help you.
What are you doing on I'm going shopping

Saturday morning? with Mum.
• do homework • play video games

• go for a walk • play a sport
• go shopping • read a book
listen to music ride my bike
• meet friends • watchTV
1 Read.
Present simple and present continuous

We use the present simple to talk about
• general truths.
It is very hot in the desert.
• things that we do regularly. Remember!
We go to the park every Saturday.
• permanent situations. We use different time expressions
with the present simple (see page 27)
My grandparents live in Australia.
and with the present continuous
We use the present continuous for actions that (see page 62).
• are in progress at the time of speaking.
Cathy and John are playing a game.
• are in progress around the time of speaking.
She's living in London at the moment.
• are temporary.
My friend is working in a shop.
Present simple I Present continuous
always at present
~ on Fridays
.at F=JFe3ent sometimes
at the moment
every day
this week
this year
I
never
now
. .
today
usually j
71
3 Write sentences with the present simple and the present continuous.
1 on Saturdays I we I usually I have I lunch at home 4 I I usually I go I on the Ferris wheel but this
but today I we I have I lunch in a restaurant afternoon I I I go I on the merry-go-round
On Saturdays. we usually have lunch
at home. but today we 're having
lunch in a restaurant.
2 Tim I often I run I on the beach 5 Natalie I usually I wear I jeans

but I today I he I run I near a castle but I today /she I wear I a dress
3 they I usually I play I volleyball at the sports centre 6 they I often I stay I in a cottage in summer
but this evening I they I play I in the park but I this summer I they I stay I on a houseboat
1 On Fridays we~/ aren't watching much TV.
2 My family and I go I are going sailing every year.
3 Look! The cat climbs I is climbing up the tree.
4 I can't come to the sports centre now. i have I am having lunch.
5 My parents paint I are painting our new flat at the moment.
6 We don't often go I aren't often going diving on holiday.
5 Complete the sentences with the present simple and the present continuous. Use these verbs.
build like not stay talk ~ visit
1 Natasha often tells stories about monsters.

2 I to a guard in the museum at the moment.
3 Mum her job. It's very interesting.
4 In winter, they in their cottage by the sea.
5 Dad is in the garden now. He a tree-house.
6 Every year a lot of people the castle.
6 Complete the sentences with the present simple and the present continuous. Use the verbs
in brackets.
On Thursday afternoon, I (1) don't go (not go)

straight home after school. I always (2) _ _ _ _ _ __
(meet) my friends in the park near our school. We usually
(3) (play) football, and sometimes we
(4) (ride) our bikes. We (5) _ _ _ _ _ __
(have) a great time! But today it (6) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(rain) so we (7) (watch) a film
at my house. We (8) (eat) pizza, and we
(9) (have) fun. My sister
(1 O) (not watch) it with us because she
(11) (do) her homework!
7 Say it! Talk to your partner about what you usually do at the weekend and what you are
doing today.
On Saturday morning,
I usually have breakfast in the
kitchen, but today I'm having
breakfast in the garden.
73
Lesson 2
1 Read.
Must
We use must to talk about
• what we have to do.
I must go to the dentist. Remember!
• what we are obliged to do.
I must do my homework. It's not very polite to use must when
Must is followed by the bare infinitive. we talk to someone we don't know
We use must for the present and the future.
well or to someone older than us.
I must go home, it's very late.
We must study for the test this weekend.
We use mustn't to talk about things we are not allowed to do.
You mustn't talk to the pilot.
. .. • Short answers
I must wash I mustn't wash Must I wash ... ? Yes, I must. No, I mustn't.
you must wash you mustn't wash Must you wash ... ? Yes, you must. No, you mustn't.
he must wash he mustn't wash Must he wash ...? Yes, he must. No, he mustn't.
she must wash she mustn't wash Must she wash ... ? Yes, she must. No, she mustn't.
it must wash it mustn't wash Must it wash ...? Yes, it must. No, it mustn't.
we must wash we mustn't wash Must we wash ...? Yes, we must. No, we mustn't.
you must wash you mustn't wash Must you wash ... ? Yes, you must. No, you mustn't.
they must wash they mustn't wash Must they wash ... ? Yes, they must. No, they mustn't.
1 You must kick the ball. 3 They wear a white shirt
You mustn't touch the ball with to school. Girls wear
your hands. grey skirts.
2 You eat a lot of junk food. 4 He pay attention. He

You eat more fruit. _ _ _ _ _ _ fall asleep in school.

1 'Must I do my homework?' '_ _ ' 5 Sally has a test tomorrow. _ _ study.
@Yes, you must. a She must
b No, you mustn't. b She mustn't
2 _ _ eat in the museum. 6 _ _ be quiet. The baby is sleeping.

a Visitors must a We must
b Visitors mustn't b We mustn't
3 Dad's car doesn't work. _ _ fix it? 7 This laptop is very expensive. _ _ use it.
a He must a Mustn't children
b Must he b Children mustn't
4 My skates are very dirty! _ _ clean them 8 'Must I go to school?' '_ _ '
for the competition?
a Yes, you must.
a Must I b No, you mustn't.
b I must
75
4 Look at the pictures about what basketball players must and mustn't do. Write questions and
short answers with must and mustn't.
4
eat a lot of vegetables practise every day
Must they eat a lot of
vegetables?
Yes. they must.
drink lots of water go to bed late
~
eat junk food watch TV all day
5 Complete the telephone conversation using must or mustn't and these verbs.
buy clean .do- eat play take
Mum: Laura, it's Mum.

Laura: Hi, Mum!
Mum: Laura, we're staying with Uncle Pedro one more night. There are a few things you
(1) must do for me.
Laura: OK, Mum.
Mum: First, you (2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ some cat food for Flopsy.
Laura: OK. (3) I also the dog for a walk?
Mum: No, your brother can do that, but first, he (4) _ _ _ _ _ _ __ his room. Oh, and you
(5) loud music late at night.
Laura: Ok, Mum. Bye.
Mum: Bye. Oh, and you (6) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ all the chocolate!
6 Say it! Talk to your partner about what you must or mustn't do at school.
• be early for the lesson • listen to our teacher

• be friendly to our classmates • play jokes on the teacher We mustn't use
mobile phones
• clean the classroom • sleep in class in class.
• eat in class • write on the desks
1 Armando@/ are drinking cold water.
2 He isn't I aren't lying on his bed at the moment.
3 You're I Are you using a phone in my lesson?
4 We is I are making a fire to cook lunch.
5 Roberto and I am not I aren't hiding behind the tree.
6 They're I Are they looking for the fast food restaurant?
1 Rick is using my laptop. (use)
2 Susie for the race! (practise)
3 Lucas and Fernando on the beach. (walk)
4 Shh! I to sleep. (try)
5 We the doors at the moment. (paint)
6 You a great job! (do)
3 Write sentences with the present continuous.

1 the boys I not climb I a mountain they I climb I a tree
The boys aren't climbing a mountain.
They 're/They are climbing a tree.
2 the children I not dance I on the beach they I dance I at the parade
3 I I not buy I a salad I I buy I a burger
4 Coach Stevens I not smile I at the players he I shout I at them
5 Paula and Amanda I not cycle I on the road they I cycle I in the park
6 Dad I not fix I his car he I fix I Abdul's kite
77
4 Complete the sentences with must or mustn't.
1 It's eleven o'clock at night. We musn 't play loud music.

2 You wake up your baby sister. She's asleep.
3 I need a book for my science project. I go to the library.
4 She's an athlete. She eat lots of junk food.
5 Very young children use mobile phones.
6 He wants to win the skating competition. He _ _ _ _ practise every day.
S Complete the questions with the present continuous using the verbs in brackets.
Then complete the short answers.
1 Is the girl wearing a helmet? 4 a picture?

(the girl I wear) (John I draw)
Yes, she is No,
2 pizza? (you I eat) 5 to the club
today? (you I walk)
No,
Yes,
3
volleyball? (Mike and Shannon I play) 6 the winter
holiday at home this year? (we I spend)
Yes,
No,
6 Complete the sentences with the present continuous. Use these verbs.
-9tty" go make paint sing spend take
1 On Monday, Mum is buying me a costume for the carnival.

2 On Tuesday, Dad _ _ _ _ _ _ me to the cinema.
3 On Wednesday, Sara and I _ _ _ _ _ _ in the contest.
4 On Thursday, Mum _ _ _ _ _ _ a chocolate cake.
5 On Friday, I sailing with Uncle Max.
6 On Saturday, Mum and Dad _ _ _ _ _ _ my room.
7 On Sunday, Mum, Dad and I _ _ _ _ _ _ the day at the carnival.

1 I _ _ much chocolate. 4 Mum _ _ us a big breakfast at the weekend.
@ don't usually eat a often cooks
b am not usually eating b is often cooking
2 We _ _ to Africa by plane at the moment. 5 _ _ your bikes now?

a travel a Do you wash
b are travelling b Are you washing
3 They _ _ early on Sundays. 6 Why _ _ at us now?
a don't always wake up a does the coach shout
b aren't always waking up b is the coach .shouting
..de- help practise study take part wash
Nico: Hi, Ale. How are you?
Ale: I'm fine, thanks. How are you?

Nico: I'm fine, Ale. What (1) are you doing ?
Ale: Oh, I (2) for the cycling race. It's tomorrow.
Nico: That's exciting.
Ale: Yes, it is. My sister and I (3) in the race every year, but this year she
can't. She's got a test on Monday, so she (4) at the moment.
Nico: I see. I always (5) Dad on Saturdays. At the moment, we

(6) the car.
Ale: Mmm. Hey, come and watch me in the race!
Nico: Yes, that's a great idea! See you tomorrow.
WRITING PROJECT
9 Look at a project about a popular activity. Circle the correct words.
Camping
Camping (1 )Qi)! is being

a very popular activity all
around the world. People
can relax, forget about school
and work, and enjoy nature.
Many children and adults
(2) go /are going camping
every year.
This family (3) camps I is camping

by the river. They (4) don't sleep I aren't sleeping. They
(5) sit I are sitting around the fire. They (6) eat I are eating.
It's a lovely place, but they (7) must be I mustn't be careful
because the river can be dangerous. They (8) mustn't sit I must sit
too close to the edge.
10 Now it's your turn to write about a popular activity. Find or draw a picture of the activity
and write about it.
79
1 Read.
My phone was here
this morning!
Past simple: Be
The past simple of the verb be is was and were. Time expressions
We use the past simple for events, situations and We often use the following time expressions with
habits in the past. the past simple. They go at the end or at the
The party was great fun. beginning of a sentence: yesterday, yesterday
The children were very quiet. morning/afternoon, last night/week/month/
year, two hours/days/weeks ago, etc.
In the negative form, we add the word not after
I was at home last night.
was or were. We usually use the short form (n't).
Last month, Mum and Dad were on holiday.
Mandy wasn't at school.
The boys weren't scared.
In the question form, we use was or were.
Was the train ride interesting?
Were the camels in the desert?
• I I Question
I was I wasn't (was not) Was I ... ? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.
you were you weren't (were not) Were you ...? Yes, you were. No, you weren't.
he was he wasn't (was not) Was he ...? Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.
she was she wasn't (was not) Was she ... ? Yes, she was. No, she wasn't.
it was it wasn't (was not) Was it , .. ? Yes, it was. No, it wasn't.
we were we weren't (were not) Were we ...? Yes, we were. No, we weren't.
you were you weren't (were not) Were you ...? Yes, you were. No, you weren't.
they were they weren't (were not) Were they ... ? Yes, they were. No, they weren't.
1 The village was beautiful.
2 There lots of people at summer camp.
3 The pizza delicious.
4 The shirt in Mum's suitcase.
5 We in the tent last night.
6 Joaquin in front of the pyramids.
7 Our passports on the table.
8 I at the beach last Saturday.
3 Make the sentences negative.

1 The skiing holiday was fun. The skiing holiday wasn't fun.
2 The girls were scared of the spiders.
3 The race was exciting.
4 I was very hungry this morning.
5 Mel and Kim were in India a month ago.
6 We were in Japan last week.
4 Complete the questions with was or were. Then write short answers.
1 Was the sun cream in the suitcase?./ 5 the rucksacks cheap? X
Yes. it was.
2 _ _ _ _ the old buildings in the city centre? X 6 _ _ _ _ Mary in Australia last month?./
3 _ _ _ _ the music too loud? ./ 7 _ _ _ _ I the winner? X
4 _ _ _ _ you at the Eiffel Tower yesterday? X 8 _ _ _ _ your teacher on the train? X
There was and There were

The past simple of there is and there are is there was and there were. We use there was and
there were to talk or ask about something that existed in the past.
There was a lot of food on the table.
There were three spiders in the tent.
...... r, ....... Short answers
There was I There wasn't (There was not) I Was there ... ? I Yes, there was. I No, there wasn't.
There were There weren't (There were not) Were there ... ? Yes, there were. No, there weren't.
81
S Complete the sentences with There was, There were, There wasn't or There weren't.
1 There were many tourists on the beach . ./
2 much snow on the mountain.)<
3 any umbrellas in the sand.)<
4 many people on the plane . ./
5 _______ a sailing boat in the sea . ./
6 _______ two swimming pools at the hotel../

1 Mum and Dad wasn't /~on the houseboat last weekend.
2 Was I Were the hotel expensive?
3 There was I were a lot of people at the parade.
4 There were /Were there any snakes in the desert?
5 My trainers was I were under the suitcase!
6 Sally was I were in France last week.
7 Look at the picture and complete the text with was, wasn't, were or weren't.
Last month, we (1) -~w_

e~ ~_ on a boat. It (2) _ _ __
re
the middle of summer, but it (3) hot.

There (4) lots of clouds in the sky. The boat
(5) nice, but we (6) very happy
because there (7) any seats. It (8) _ _ _ _ a
terrible boat trip!
8 Say It! Think about your holiday last year. Ask and answer these questions with your
partner.
• Was it a summer or a winter holiday? • Were you at the beach, in the mountains or
in the desert?
• Were you with your family?
• Was it boring or interesting?
• Were your friends with you?
It was a summer
holiday.
. We were in the mountains.
1 Read.
.. ~
'.~- .·.····.·..·.·...·.···'•
Past simple affirmative: Regular verbs
We use the past simple for When the verb ends in -e, we just add -d.
• actions or situations which started use used
and finished in the past. When the verb ends in a consonant + -y, we take off
We stayed in a hotel on the beach. the -y and add -ied.
• past habits. try tried
Mum and Dad travelled a lot. When the verb ends in a vowel + -y, we just add -ed.
• actions which happened one after stay stayed
the other in the past.
When the verb ends in vowel + consonant, we
He washed his face, brushed his
double the last consonant and add -ed.
teeth and walked down the stairs.
fit fitted
We form the affirmative of regular When the verb ends in -1, we double the -I and add -ed.
verbs by adding the -ed ending. travel travelled
want wanted
Time expressions
Affirmative The following time expressions are used with the
past simple: yesterday, last night/week/month/
I watched year, etc.
you watched They travelled to Japan last year.
he watched
she watched Ago
it watched We use ago to talk about something that happened
we watched a number of years, minutes, days, etc. in the past.
you watched I arrived tenminutes ago.
they watched She visited Egypt three years ago.
83
2 Complete the tables.
Verb Past simple Verb Past simple

carry carried stay
chase tie
cry travel
fit try
look want
3 Complete the sentences with the past simple. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 The children played a game after dinner. (play)
2 Amanda's new jeans her well. (fit)
3 The flight at six o'clock. (land)
4 I in a flat near the River Thames. (live)
5 The passengers _ _ _ _ _ _ their tickets and passports. (need)
6 John the bags into the house. (carry)
7 Paul the book about lizards. (like)
8 Susan herT-shirt. (wash)
4 Complete the text with the past simple. Use these verbs.
arrive .deetde" enjoy stay travel try visit
..Last summer, we (1) decided to visit our

cousins in Alexandria, Egypt. We (2) _ _ _ __
there by plane. It was a long flight and I was happy
when the plane finally (3) _ _ _ __
Alexandria is a great place. We (4) at
our cousins' house in the city centre for one week.
On Monday, we (5) The Bibliotheca
Alexandrina. It's an amazing library and it's very,
very big!
On Friday night, I (6) Egyptian food
in a restaurant. It was delicious! There were lots of
people and the music was very good_··----~~l;:~~:=--=--~~~
I (7) my holiday _ ""'= -
very much.
• --- - -- - - - -- --·----- ------ ---- r -..----- -- r- - .. - - - ....... ___ - - .. --.
brush climb cook count open tf1 wait watch
1 Susie tried the apple juice.
2 Ana her teeth after her bath. 6 Rick all his presents after the party.
3 We the planes at the airport. 7 Ken his coins.
4 Mandy at the bus stop 8 My mum spaghetti for dinner

this afternoon. last night.
6 Say it! Talk to your partner about these things.

• something you watched on TV
I played a game • a game you played
last night.
• a person you talked to
I talked to my best
friend last night. • somewhere you visited
• a film you enjoyed
85
Lesson 3
1 Read.
Past simple affirmative: Irregular verbs

There are lots of irregular verbs in English. Irregular verbs do not follow the rules on page 83. We
form the past simple of irregular verbs in different ways. See the Irregular verbs list on page 115.
They went on holiday to Singapore.
He forgot his passport.

bring brought know knew
catch put
come ride
fall run
feel sell
give think
hold throw
keep win
1 We found a beautiful shell in the sand. (find)
2 Mum and Dad a new tent for our camping trip. (buy) II
3 I lots of delicious pizza in Rome. (eat)
4 Cindy a photo of th.e diving champion! (take)
5 They many tall buildings in New York. (see)
6 Oh no! I my sun cream at home. (leave)
7 You a beautiful dress to the party. (wear)
8 Johnny a wonderful time in Portugal. (have)
4 ·Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the past simple. Use these verbs.
break cut dfetw' fall leave read
1 Georgina drew a beautiful picture. 4 Veronica her birthday cake.
2 Steven his leg on holiday. 5 The ship the port two hours ago.
3 ______ a really interesting book 6 She off her bike.

yesterday.
87
5 Complete the text with the past simple. Use these verbs.
be be build eat %1" get go go leave meet see
What a wonderful holiday week! We (1) _ __._f-'-'le=w~_ to Barcelona on

Saturday morning. The food on the aeroplane (2) great.
We (3) to our hotel and (4) our suitcases there.
It (5) time to explore! Over the next five days, we
(6) amazing places, like Park Guell, Casa Mila and Casa Batll6.
Antoni Gaudf (7) all three. We also (8) to many
amazing museums. We (9) _ _ _ _ _ excellent food at Mercat de la
Boqueria, Barcelona's most famous market, and we (10) _ _ _ _ _ lots of
interesting people. We (11) back home two hours ago.
I can't wait to visit Barcelona again!
6 Say it! Talk to your partner about a holiday you enjoyed. Say where you went, who you went
with, how you travelled there and what you did there.
I went to the sea in July. I went to the mountains

My family and I travelled in December. I went
by aeroplane. skiing with my family.
1 Read.
Did you have fun
at school today?
Past simple negative and questions: Regular and irregular verbs
In the negative form, we use did, the word not and the bare infinitive.
She didn't go to the film studio.
We didn't enjoy the concert.
In the question form, we use did and the bare infinitive.
Did you get his autograph?
Did they give her the role?
In short answers, we use did or didn't. We don't use the main verb.
Did Alan buy a puzzle?
Yes, he did.
Did Lyn and Caroline go the party?
No, they didn't.
•T• [t ... ,.. Short answers

I didn't come (I did not come) Did I come ... ? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.
you didn't come (you did not come) Did you come ... ? Yes, you did. No, you didn't.
he didn't come (he did not come) Did he come ... ? Yes, he did. No, he didn't.
she didn't come (she did not come) Did she come ... ? Yes, she did. No, she didn't.
it didn't come (it did not come) Did it come ...? Yes, it did. No, it didn't.
we didn't come (we did not come) Did we come ... ? Yes, we did. No, we didn't.
you didn't come (you did not come) Did you come ...? Yes, you did. No, you didn't.
they didn't come (they did not come) Did they come ... ? Yes, they did. No, they didn't.
89
climb J:Aeer play travel walk watch
1 Did Sam meet a 4 _ _ _ _ _ the children _ _ _ __

famous tennis player? TV?
Yes, he did.
2 ______ Dina the 5 _ _ _ _ _ Paul the

guitar at the concert? mountain?
3 _ _ _ _ _ the family _ _ _ __ 6 _ _ _ _ _ you to

by aeroplane? school?
6 Say it! Ask and answer questions with your partner about what you did and didn't do last week.
• go to the theatre • get a famous
person's autograph
Did you go to • see a film
the park? • take photos
play video games
have a test
listen to music
Yes, I did.
• go to a concert
91
- ~ ~~--
lesson,2
1 Read.
Question words with the past simple

We use question words with the past simple to find out more information about an action in
the past.
Who broke the glass? (Jane broke the glass.) Remember!
What did Jane break? (Jane broke a glass.)
When did Jane break the glass? (She broke it yesterday.) The word order is different in
Where did Jane break it? (She broke it in her bedroom.) subject and object questions.
Which glass did she break? (She broke the blue one.) Who bought a toy?
Whose glass was it? (It was her mum's.) (Mandy bought a toy.)
Why did she break the glass? What did Mandy buy?
(Because she wasn't paying attention.) (Mandy bought a toy.)
How did she break it? (She dropped it.)

1 Where they shot /~the film?
2 Whose story the children enjoyed I did the children enjoy?
3 How you found I did you find tickets to the new musical?
4 Who thought I did they think the adventure film was exciting?
5 When she started I did she start acting?
6 Whose bike rode Jane I did Jane ride?
7 Why he ate I did he eat your sandwich?
8 Who you saw I did you see the play with?

1 who I they I give I the award to 5 where I Jake I see a tiger
Who did they give the award to?
2 which I actor /Thomas I speak to 6 which medal I the champion I win
3 who I he I sell I the company to 7 why I the cameraman I shout
4 how I I I lose I my laptop 8 when I you I have I a riding lesson
4 Write questions with the past simple about the underlined words. Use these question words.
how what when ~ who why
1 Where did you go last summer?

Last summer I went to Cinque Terre in Italy.
2
I went there because my grandpa was born in
Manarola, a town in Cinque Terre.
3
I travelled there by train.
4
I went in July.
5
I went with Mum, Dad and Grandpa.
6
We ate delicious local food.
5 Say it! Imagine that you went somewhere and you met a famous person. Ask and answer questions
about this person with your partner. Use these suggestions to help you.
• Who did you meet?
• When did you meet him or her?
• Where did you meet him or her?
Who did you
• Why did you go there? meet?
I metJustin
• How did you get there? Timberlake.
• What did he or she say to you?
93
Review

1 The western film _ _ very exciting. 4 I _ _ at the film studio yesterday.
@was a wasn't
b were b weren't
2 The children _ _ from Japan. 5 Hana _ _ late for school this morning.
a wasn't a was
b weren't b were
3 My flight _ _ long. 6 We _ _ at the hotel last night.
a was a wasn't
b were b weren't
2 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with There was, There were, There wasn't or
There weren't.
4
There was lots _ _ _ _ _ _ _ two

of snow last winter. women at the bus stop.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ lots
of clothes in the suitcase. trees in the desert.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ many _ _ _ _ _ _ _ any
cruise ships in the port. money in the wallet.
3 Complete the sentences with the past simple. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 Two years ago we stayed in a beautiful hotel in London. (stay)
2 _ _ _ _ _ _ my school bag to school. (carry)
3 Sandra _ _ _ _ _ _ to work by train this morning. (travel)
4 The boys _ _ _ _ _ _ us in the playground. (.chase)
5 You're late! The lesson _ _ _ _ _ _ at nine o'clock. (start)
6 My parents and I _ _ _ _ _ _ the Eiffel Tower last year. (visit)

short answers.
the family I drive to

the airport
Oliver I break a window
Did Oliver
break a window?
No. he didn't.
Paula I take a picture
Sally and Ann I run on of some penguins
the beach
Bill and Mandy I

Mr Baker I buy a have a picnic
skateboard

go went give
come know
break see
find think
6 Make the sentences negative. Use the words in brackets.

1 Jill and Mark walked a lot in Paris. (London)
They/Jill and Mark didn't walk a lot in London.
2 I enjoyed the musical. (film)
3 Mum took us to the park last week. (theatre)
4 Steven left his laptop on the plane. (suitcase)
5 You played tennis yesterday. (basketball)
6 The cat ate my biscuit! (sandwich)
95
1 Read.
Comparatives
We use the comparative to compare two people, animals or things. We often use the word than after
the comparative.
Swans are bigger than ducks.
A lizard is smaller than a crocodile.
Short adjectives Long adjectives

• We add -er to adjectives with one syllable. • We form the comparative of long
long longer adjectives (two or more syllables)
• When the adjective ends in -e, we just add -r. by using the word more before the
close closer adjective.
boring more boring
• When the adjective ends in vowel +consonant, we double
exciting more exciting
the last consonant and add -er.
big bigger
• When the adjective ends in -y, we take off the -y and
add-ier.
dry drier
Two-syllable adjectives Irregular adjectives

• For some two-syllable adjectives (often ending in -y, -le, There are irregular adjectives, which
-ow and -er) we can use either -er or more to form the do not follow these rules.
comparative. good better
friendly friendlier I more friendly bad worse
simple simpler I more simple far further/farther
narrow narrower I more narrow much/many more
clever cleverer I more clever little less
• For adjectives ending in -y, adding -ier is more common.
97
Adjective Comparative Adjective Comparative

big bigger amazing more amazing
fast bad
far beautiful
good boring
horrible close
hot dangerous
interesting exciting
pretty hard
serious long
3 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1 Egypt is hotter than England. (hot)
2 Paul is than his brother. (lazy)
3 My binoculars are than Teddy's. (expensive)
4 The road is than the path. (wide)
5 The orange butterfly is than the blue one. (small)
6 Kathy's science mark is than mine. (bad)
7 Simon is than Henry. (intelligent)
8 Kate's hair is than mine. (short)
4 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of these adjectives .
.ch€ap- cold good heavy small
1 The small torch is cheaper 2 The fish on the right is 3 The elephant is _ _ _ __
than the big torch. _____ than the than the chimp.
one on the left.
4 John's drawing is 5 The penguin's home is

_____ than Paul's. _____ than the lion's.
u~ ... u~
We can also use as+ adjective+ as to compare two people, animals or things. We use as ... as when the
two people, animals or things are the same.
Sally is as sweet as Julie.
We use not as+ adjective+ as when the two people, animals or things aren't the same.
The dolphin isn't as big as the whale.
5 Complete the sentences. Use as ... as and not as ... as.
1 Oliver is as old as Tiger. (old)

2 Oliver is Tiger. (heavy)
3 Tiger is Oliver. (loud)
4 Oliver is Tiger. (friendly)
5 Oliver is Tiger. (hungry)
6 Say it! Use the comparative form to talk about pets with your partner. Use these
suggestions to help you.
. cat . friendly
. dog . good ,,
Cats are nicer
. mouse . horrible '""""'- than dogs.
spider . nice !' Cats are friendlier

. rabbit . sweet
..... than rabbits .
. lizard . tiny
99
1 Read.
Superlatives
We use the superlative to compare more than two people, animals or things. We use the word the
before the superlative. We often use a phrase with in or of to continue the sentence.
My kitten is the cutest of all.
The cheetah is the fastest animal in the world.
Short adjectives Long adjectives

• We add -est to adjectives with one syllable. We form the superlative of long
cold the coldest adjectives (two or more syllables)
• When the adjective ends in -e, we just add -st. by using the words the most
nice the nicest before the adjective.
• When the adjective ends in vowel +consonant, we double boring the most boring
the last consonant and add -est. important the most important
big the biggest
• When the adjective ends in -y, we take off the -y and
add-iest.
dry the driest
Two-syllable adjectives Irregular adjectives
• For some two-syllable adjectives (often ending in -y, - le, There are irregular adjectives, which
-ow and -er), we can use either -est or the most to form do not follow these rules.
the superlative. good the best
friendly the friendliest I the most friendly bad the worst
simple the simplest I the most simple far the furthest I the farthest
narrow the narrowest I the most narrow much/many the most
clever the cleverest I the most clever little the least
• For adjectives ending in -y, adding -est is more common .
Adjective Comparative Superlative
bad worse the worst
difficult more difficult
easy easier
good better
hard harder
hot hotter
important more important
many more
popular more popular
strange stranger
3 Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1 My puppy is the noisiest pet in the neighbourhood! (noisy)
2 Helen's pony is of all! (fast)
3 I went to carnival last week. (boring)
4 We saw eagle. (amazing)
5 The goldfish was fish in the bowl. (small)
6 James is boy in our class. He's got a pet parrot! (lucky)
4 Complete the dialogue with the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
Richie: Hi, Maggie. Did you enjoy your birthday party?
Maggie: Yes, I did.
Richie: It was (1)

this year.
the best (good) party
H~~P/
Maggie: Yes, it was. The clowns were wonderful. Max was
(2) (funny) clown.
Q1 R1hdA/
~~
Richie: Yes, he was and we played some great
games. The food was nice, too. I loved the
t®
Q·~-;r
burgers and pizza, but the cake was
(3) (tasty).
~'JI
r
Maggie: Mum and Dad got me ~
(4) (unusual) present. r
Richie: What did they get you?
Maggie: A parrot. It says (5) _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(silly) things and it's got fJ7
(6) (beautiful) colours.
Richie: Oh, parrots are my favourite pets!
101
5 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the superlative form of these adjectives.
big lazy loRg many small slow
1 The monkey has got _ _t_h_e_lo_n__,g~

e_st_ _ 4 Africa has got _ _ _ _ _ _ __
tail. elephants in the world.
2 The white cat is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cat. 5 The dinosaur's egg is _ _ _ _ _ _ __

It wakes up at eight o'clock!
3 The tortoise is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 6 Tim's dog is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

animal in the race.
6 Say it! Use the superlative form to talk about some of your favourite things and animals with
your partner. Use these suggestions to help you.
Cats are the No, rabbits are the

best pets. best pets.
• good I film • big I pet

• interesting I book • tall I animal
• cute I pet • good I song
I Read.
Mariela is older than Marco.

Antonio is the oldest of the three.
Marco Mariela
Comparatives and superlatives

We use the comparative to compare two people, animals or things. We use the superlative to compare
more than two people, animals or things. In a superlative sentence, we compare one person, animal or
thing to a group of people, animals or things.
Rabbits are popular pets. Hamsters are more Cats are the most
popular than rabbits. popular pet.
Hippos are big. Elephants are bigger than The blue whale is the biggest
hippos. animal in the world.
There are many animals There are more animals on My grandpa's farm has the
on our farm. my uncle's farm than on most animals.
our farm.
as ... as
We can also use as+ adjective+ as to compare two people, Remember!
animals or things. We use as ... as when the two people,
animals or things are the same. We use not as ... as See the rules for comparative
when the two people, animals or things are not the same. and superlative forms on pages
My cat is not as big as your cat. 97 and 100.
My brother is not as tall as me.
103
1 Erica's dog is riendliec I the friendliest than Sam's.

2 Peter's house is bigger than I the biggest in the street.
3 I have got most I more books than you.
4 Carla is tall/ taller than her brother.
5 The maths test was easier I the easiest than the geography test.
6 Joanne is the best I better than student in my class.
7 This peacock has got brighter I the brightest colours than that peacock.
8 Our cat sleeps inside at night because it's warmer I the warmest than in the garden.

1 Monkeys are _ _ worms. 5 Fish is _ _ meat.
a the most clever a healthier than
Qi) more clever than b the healthiest
2 My binoculars are _ _ as the scientist's. 6 The pirate costume is _ _ than the cowboy's.
a as good a more popular
b better than b the most popular
3 The zoo is _ _ the park. 7 Chimpanzees are not _ _ as lions.

a the furthest a more dangerous
b further than b as dangerous
4 The cave at the end of the beach is 8 The cat has got _ _ food on its plate than
_ _ all. the dog.
a scarier than a the least
b the scariest of b less
4 Complete the sentences using the comparative or superlative forms of the adjectives in brackets.
1 My brother is taller than me, but my sister is the tallest . (tall)
2 I am _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ most of my friends, but Marla is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in our
class. (young)
3 Goldfish are popular pets, but I think hamsters are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ goldfish,
and cats are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pet. (popular)
4 I think crocodiles are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ animals

in the world! (amazing)
5 Mum's cakes are good, but Grandma makes _ _ _ _ _ _ __

cakes. (delicious)
6 I think apples are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ oranges, but strawberries

are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ fruit. (tasty)
delicious early ..geO'Cf more near old pretty quick tired young
Last Monday was the (1) best day of the week! We finished school at one
o'clock and we went to a farm. The (2) farm to our school is 16 km
away. We went by bus. It was the (3) way to get there.
There were many beautiful an imals at the farm . The (4) birds were
the peacocks. They were amazing! There were also lots of cows and sheep. I think
there were (5) cows than sheep. Some were babies! You can see
the (6) cow in the photo. Ana and I are petting it. She was just two
months old. There were also two horses. They looked very similar, but one looked
(7) . Maybe it was the mum!
At five o'clock we sat down on the grass and had a picnic. We were all very hungry and
tired. They sold ice cream at the farm, so I bought the (8) chocolate
ice cream ever!
By the time we got home, I was (9) than usual, so I went to bed very
early, even (1 O) than my baby sister!
6 Say it! Talk to your partner about your family, friends and school subjects, using the
comparative and superlative forms.
My father is the
My brother is taller
than me. tallest in our family.
105
1 Read.
Be going to
We use be going to
• to talk about future plans and intentions. Affirmative Negative
I'm going to play in the park this afternoon.
I'm going to buy I'm not going to buy
• to predict that something is going to
you're going to buy you aren't going to buy
happen, when we have some proof or
he's going to buy he isn't going to buy
some information.
she's going to buy she isn't going to buy
The sky is blue. It's going to be a nice day.
it's going to buy it isn't going to buy
Be going to is followed by the bare infinitive. we're going to buy we aren't going to buy
We're going to visit our grandparents tonight. you're going to buy you aren't going to buy
they're going to buy they aren't going to buy
Time expressions
We often use the following
time expressions with be
Question
going to. They go at the
beginning or at the end of the Am I going to buy ...? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
sentence: tonight, tomorrow, Are you going to buy ...? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
soon, later on, in the morning/ Is he going to buy ... ? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
evening, this afternoon/ Is she going to buy ... ? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
weekend, next week/year, Is it going to buy ...?. Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
in a week/month, etc. Are we going to buy ...? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
Are you going to buy ... ? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
Are they going to buy ... ? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
1 The clouds are very black. It 's/is going to rain . (rain)
2 This weekend we with our grandparents. (stay)
3 My parents me a laptop for my birthday. (get)
4 I can hear footsteps. They us! (find)
5 It's sunny. You a lovely day at the beach. (have)
6 Phillip Egypt in February. (visit)
3 Complete the sentences with the negative form of be going to. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 1 'm not going to tidy my bedroom tonight. (tidy)
2 My sister to the party. She wasn't invited. (go)
3 This puzzle is very difficult. We it today. (finish)
4 They're terrible singers! They the contest. (win)
5 Mum me the laptop. It's very expensive. (buy)
6 It's sunny. I my raincoat to school. (wear)
4 Complete the questions using be going to and the words in brackets. Then complete the
short answers.
. :=i-"':=i · - ,_,._ an umbrella? (Max/take)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your homework tonight? (you I do)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the cave? (they I sleep)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the moon? (the astronaut I travel)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the invitations this afternoon? (you I send)
S Complete the text with be going to. Use the verbs in brackets.
Every Saturday, Josh and I play basketball, but tomorrow we (1) aren't going to play
(not play). Mum and Dad (2) (take) us to the mountains because it
(3) (snow). I can't wait!
We (4) (wake up) at 6.30 in the morning and Dad
(5) (drive) us to the mountains. I like travelling by car and I usually
fall asleep!
Josh and I (6) (go) skiing. We're not very good, but we like it. Mum
and Dad (7) (not try) it. They want to watch us!
It (8) (be) a very exciting day.
107
6 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with be going to. Use these verbs.
fly go have play J:.i8e" visit
1 On Monday, I 'm/am going 4 OnThursday,we _ _ _ _ _ _ __

to ride my bike. _ _ _ _ _ football.
2 On Tuesday, Dad and I _ _ _ _ __ 5 On Friday, we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

_ _ _ _ _ _ a kite. _ _ _ _ _ _ a picnic in the park.
3 On Wednesday, I _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 6 On Saturday, we _ _ _ _ _ _ __
_ _ _ _ _ _ sailing with Dad and _ _ _ _ _ _ our grandparents in
Andy. the countryside.
7 Say it! Talk to your partner about what you are going to do this summer. Use these suggestions
to help you.
I'm going to Wow! I'm going to

visit my cousins learn Japanese.
in Sydney.
• trips I journeys I holidays • entertainment

• outdoor activities • unusual plans
1 Read.
Future simple
We use the future simple Negative

• to predict the future.
People will live on other planets I'll come (will come) I won't come (will not come)
one day. you'll come (will come) you won't come (will not come)
• for decisions we make at the time he'll come (will come) he won't come (will not come)
of speaking. she'll come (will come) she won't come (will not come)
We'll come for a walk, too. it'll come (will come) it won't come (will not come)
• for offers, promises, threats and we'll come (will come) we won't come (will not come)
warnings. you'll come (will come) you won't come (will not come)
I'll take you for a swim, I promise. they'll come (will come) they won't come (will not come)
• to ask somebody to do something
for us.
Will you walk to the beach with me, please?
• after phrases such as I think,
I'm sure, I hope, I bet, etc.
I'm sure we'll save the rainforest. Question Short answers
We form the affirmative with will and Will I come ... ? Yes, !will. No, I won't.
the bare infinitive. Will you come ...? Yes, you will. No, you won't.
Cathy and I will buy the presents. Will he come ... ? Yes, he will. No, he won't.
We form the negative with will, the Will she come ... ? Yes, she will. No, she won't.
word not and the bare infinitive. Will it come ... ? Yes, it will. No, it won't.
We usually use the short form (won't). Will we come ... ? Yes, we will. No, we won't.
Stevie won't help me with my homework. Will you come ... ? Yes, you will. No, you won't.
Will they come ...? Yes, they will. No, they won't.
We form questions with will and
the bare infinitive.
Will Alex come with us?
Time expressions
We form short answers with will or We often use the following time expressions with the
won't. We don't use the main verb. future simple. They go at the beginning or at the end
Will you meet Paul tonight? of a sentence: tonight, tomorrow, soon, later on, in
Yes, I will. the morning/evening, this afternoon/weekend, next
Will it rain tomorrow? week/year, in a week/month, etc.
No, it won't.
109
2 Match.
1 It's a lovely morning. a I'm sure you'll have a great time.
2 I'm going to a party today. b Don't worry, I'll help you with it.
3 Let's take Mum skiing for her birthday. ~-- c John and I will walk to school.
4 It's really hot. d She will enjoy it.
5 Don't cut down any more trees. e I think I'll have a cold drink.
6 I can't do my science homework! f You'll destroy the park.
3 Make the sentences negative.

1 Mum and Dad will put up our tent.
Mum and Dad won't put up our tent.
2 Uncle Todd will take us to the amusement park.
3 They'll sleep in the tent.
4 It'll be foggy tomorrow morning.
5 Isabel will win the race.
6 We'll look for information about the canyon.
4 Write questions with the future simple. Then complete the short answers.
1 Amy I talk about I rainforests
Will Amy talk about rainforests?
v, es, she will
---"~__;_;_-'-'"-'----
2 Juan and Cata I bring I photos I of waterfalls
No, _ _ _ _ __
3 Susie and I I talk about I our holiday
No, _ _ _ _ __
4 Roberto I give I me I book I about wild animals
Yes, _ _ _ _ __
5 Mum I walk I in the forest I with me
Yes, _ _ _ _ __
6 you I show us I pictures of the canyon
No, _ _ _ _ __
buy ..cGFfY" fly get have swim
What a pretty butterfly!
This picnic basket is very heavy.
Do you want some lemonade? The sea is dirty!
here.
]
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ some
from the supermarket.
6 Say it! Talk with your partner about what you will do to help protect the environment.
That's a good idea.

I'll use less water I'll pick up rubbish at
when I shower. the beach.
• clean the streets • use less paper I save water

• pick up rubbish at the beach • talk to people about rainforests
• plant trees
111
Review
1 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1 My history mark was lower than Sarah's. (low)
2 Your carnival costume is than my costume. (good)

3 Chinese is than French. (difficult)
4 Comics are than books. (exciting)
5 The rain is than it was yesterday. (heavy)
6 The bus stop is than the train station. (far)
2 Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1 Volleyball is the most popular sport at our school. (popular)
2 That was cycling race! (good)
3 Yesterday was day of the month. (cloudy)
4 Clare's boots are of all. (expensive)
5 I watched film on Friday night. (scary)
6 Vicky is girl in our school. (tall)
3 Complete the sentences with as ... as and not as ... as and the adjectives in brackets.
1 Dad is 38 years old. Mum is 34 years old.
Dad is not as young as Mum. (young)
2 In England, it is often cold. In Jordan, it's usually hot.
England is Jordan. (hot)
3 The museum building is 30 metres tall. The cinema building is also 30 metres tall.
The museum building is the cinema building. (tall)
4 Fifteen students in my class enjoy science lessons. Twenty-five students enjoy history lessons.
Science lessons are history lessons. (popular)
5 Helena's suitcase weighs 15 kg. Carla's suitcase also weighs 15 kg.
Carla's suitcase is _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ Helena's suitcase. (heavy)
4 Complete the sentences with the comparative or superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1 Mario is the youngest student in our class. (young)
2 Some video games are some films. (popular)
3 Being a good friend is thing. (important)
4 I'm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my sister, but my brother is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the
family. (tall)
5 Cats are good pets, but hamsters are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pets. (good)
1 'II/will give you your medicine. (give)
2 I promise we a trick on you. (not play)
3 You can use Dad's laptop. I him. (not tell)
4 There's someone at the front door. it? (you I open)
5 the houseboat? (they I sell)
6 lost? (we I get)
7 Dad you to the airport. (drive)
8 The skiing holiday great! (be)
6 Look at the pictures and complete the questions using be going to and the words in brackets.
Then write short answers.
1 Is Luke going to win the race? 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cold today?

(Luke I win) (it I be)
No L he isn't.
-•.
•
~I :. ___~_;,0
~_~PartLJ'·"..--
-
...... - 0 ...
Dear Fiona
/ /
::?[
I Please come to my birthday on

Saturday at four o'clock . We'll
have a great time. From Nadia
2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the library 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a party for her

today? (you I study) birthday? (Nadia I have)
3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a bus? 6 ____________ new trees?

(they I catch) (they I plant)
113
7 Complete the text with the correct form of be going to. Use the verbs in brackets.
Next week, Mum, Dad, Tom and I (1) are going to go

(go) on a walking holiday in the mountains. I often go to the
mountains because my cousins live nearby, and we all love
walking and cycling.
Dad (2) (not drive) because

we (3) (travel) by train. We
(4) (stop) at our grandparents'
farm for lunch. Grandma and Grandad have got lots of animals!
This year, we (5) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not sleep) at
my cousins' house. We (6) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (stay)
in a lovely hotel, and we (7) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(take part) in a long walk with lots of other people.
I (8) (not cycle) this time.
We (9) - - - - - - - - - - - ( h a v e ) a great time!
WRITING PROJECT
8 Look at a project about the highest mountain in the world. Complete the project with the
comparative or superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is (1) -~t_,_, h=e --'-h""'""igOl-"h'"'"'e=s'-'-t__ (high)
mountain in the world. It is 8,850 m high. It is on the border
between Nepal and Tibet. Climbing Mount Everest is
(2) (difficult) than climbing most
mountains in the world. Many people from all over the
world want to climb Mount Everest. They know that it will
be (3) (hard) than anything else
they do in their lives. They also know that it will be
(4) (exciting)!
The (5) (young) person to climb
Mount Everest is Jordan Romero. He was 13 years old when
he climbed it in 2010. The (6) (old)
person to climb Mount Everest is Yuichiro Miura. He climbed
it in 2003 when he was 70 years old and again in 2013 when
he was 80.
Anyone who climbs Mount Everest will remember it all of
their life!
9 Now it's your turn to do a project about the highest mountain or the most interesting place to
visit in your country. Find or draw a picture of the mountain or place and write about it.
Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
-- - - --
be was/were - been - know - knew -- known
become became become learn learnt learnt
~~ ~ ~
~-
begin began begun leave left left

- ·~
bet bet bet lend lent lent

--
bite - bit -- bitten let -- let let
break broke broken lie lay lain
_.... - ---- --] ~-- - - - -
bring brought brought lose lost ~-

lost
build built built make made made
--
burn - burnt - burnt mean - meant -- meant
buy bought bought meet met met
catch
-·--- caught
,----
caught
- ~
pay
- paid paid
---
choose chose chosen put put put

-
come - came -- come read - read read
cost cost cost ride rode ridden
cut
-
cut
--
cut ring
-- rang rung
-- --
die died died run ran run
~~ -~
dig -- dug -- dug say -- said said

do did done see saw seen
draw
-
drew
-- drawn
-
sell
---· sold
..---------...- ...
sold
- --
drink drank drunk send sent sent
~-
drive drove driven I shoot shot shot
------- -~-
--~- - -
eat ate eaten show showed shown
-- - -
fall - fell fallen sing -- sang -- sung
feed fed fed sit sat sat
----- --
~~~--=>]
·~~
feel felt felt sleep slept slept

~ -~
- --
fight fought fought smell smelt smelt
- - - --
find - found -- found speak spoke spoken
fly flew flown spend spent spent
~~
-~ ~-
forget forgot forgotten J stand ~
stood
-- stood
freeze froze frozen steal stole stolen
- --
get - got -- got swim - swam -- swum
give gave given take took taken
go
-- went
-~~
gone =i teach
~
taught
~-
taught
~
--·
grow grew grown tell told told
- -- - -
have - had -- had think thought thought
hear heard heard throw threw thrown
.------ ..------------
~--~=i
hide -- hid hidden understand understood understood
hit hit hit wake woke woken
- --
hold ·- held -- held wear - wore -- worn
hurt hurt hurt win won won
keep kept
---- kept ----~,
write
-~
wrote
~~
written
115

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SECOND EDITION

Australia • Brazil • Mexico· Singapore · United Kingdom • United States

1 two fish 2 twelve _ _ _ _ __ 3 seven _ _ _ _ __

4 five _ __ __ 5 Six _ __ __ 6 fourteen _ _ __ _

7 two _ _ _ _ __ 8 three _ _ _ __ 9 two _ _ _ _ __

3 Write the plurals.

-s I -es I -ies I Irregular

I've got two watches.

I've got two boxes of

This cat is friendly. That cat is angry.

10 Circle the correct words.

1 The children aren'tI are not at school. 5 The water warm.

1 I ' m/'m not I am/am not from 5 My friends and I at

2 I crazy 6 Mycousins funny.

4 Mymum nice. 8 My house new.

1 Is it a rainy day? No it isn't. 5 Is the dog big?

1 Is Clara your new friend? 5 your cats black?

Yes, she is Yes,

2 you crazy about school? 6 I strong?

3 the cats in the garden? 7 you and Baldo cousins?

4 your brother young? 8 you 12 years old?

4 Is I Are they sisters? No, I'm not.

5 Uncle Joe isn't I aren't in the . Is your school new?

my Be careful with these words:

2 Complete the sentences with possessive adjectives.

1 This house is amazing! Is it your house? (you)

her its .fftY" our their your

rn This is me. I'm with

1 The girls are sisters. a His birthday is in August.

5 Circle the correct words.

6 Say it! Tell your partner about your family.

1 Jack is the girl's t@father. 4 The penguin's I penguins' chick is

I've got (I have got) I haven't got (I have not got)

Question Short answers

3 Complete the sentences with the negative form of have got.

5 Circle the correct words.

2 she I game I ? I has I got I video I a 5 has I homework I she I got I ?

3 ? I they I laptops I got I have 6 got I have I they I? I sandwiches

Have you got a kite? Yes, I have.

• bike • video games • laptop

There is, There are

Affirmative Negative Question Short answers

We use prepositions of place to show where someone or something is.

3 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

3 Is there a robot in the shop window? 6 Is there an astronaut on the moon?

behind between in in front of Oft" under

1 Is there a skateboard on the table?

3 Are there two mobile phones behind the laptop?

4 Is there a clock between the lizard and the picture?

5 Are there any eggs in the box?

6 Is there a picture next to the door?

My bedroom is small, but it's got

8 It warm today. X 5 There is a spider on the floor! legs

1 Is the lizard ugly? a No, you aren't.

1 The chair is in front of the umbrella. 4 The boy is the tree.

1 The twins' presents are big. 4 The bike is new.

2 The teacher is short. 5 The skateboard is fast.

3 The boots are old. 6 The hats are funny.

8 Circle the correct words.

4 five _ 5 Six _ 6 fourteen _ _ __ _