Plant Tissue Culture MCQs
Plant Tissue Culture MCQs
Plant Tissue Culture MCQs
1.Callus formation on isolated stem fragments and root slices is described by ……….
a) Duharmel du Monceau
b) Morgan, T.H
c) Haberlandt
d) Rechinger
a) Duharmel du Monceau
b) Morgan, T.H
c) Haberlandt
d) Rechinger
4.The somatic embryo formation from callus cultures of carrot grown on an agarified
medium was observed by ……………..
a) Hildebrandt
b) Reinert
c) Muir
5.The technique of isolation and culture of protoplasts after digesting the cell walls
enzymatically was discovered by ……………….
a) Hildebrandt
b) Cocking
c) Muir
d) All the above
a) Ball b) Skoog
c) Robbins d) White
7.Who demonstrated that virus free plants can be recovered from infected plants through
shoot meristem culture
a) Morel
b) Martin
c) Both a & b
a) Bergmann
b) Riker
c) Morel
a) Guha
b) Maheshwari
c) Both a & b
a) Murashige
b) Skoog
c) Both a & b
a) In vitro fertilization
b) Embryo culture
c) Ovule culture
d) Pod culture
13. The production of novel hybrids through protoplast fusion should focus on ……..
14.The inherent potentiality of a plant cell to give rise to a whole plant is described as ……..
a) Cellular totipotency
b) Morphogenesis
c) Organogenesis
15. The phenomenon of a mature cell reverting to the meristematic state and forming
undifferentiated callus tissue is termed as ……..
a) Dedifferentiation
b) Redifferentiation
c) Both a & b
16. The phenomenon of conversion of component cells of callus tissue to whole plant or plant
organs is called as ……..
a) Dedifferentiation
b) Redifferentiation
c) Both a & b
a) shoots
b) roots
c) leaves and flowers
18. The relatively high level of auxin to cytokinin favoured ………….. during organogenesis.
a) Root formation
b) Shoot formation
c) Both root and shoot formation
19.The relatively high level of cytokinin to auxin favoured ………….. during organogenesis
a) Root formation
b) Shoot formation
c) Both root and shoot formation
a) Steward
b) Skoog
c) Reinert
a) Torrey
b) Skoog
c) Guha
d) None of the above
22. In somatic embryogenesis …………… is required for induction of embryonic cells and
maintenance of proliferative growth..
a) Auxin
b) Cytokinin
c) Gibberellic acid
a) Skoog
b) White
c) Gautherat
a) Thiamine HCL
b) Pyridoxine HCL
c) Nicotinic acid
d) Calcium pantothanate
c) GA3
a) Fruit maturation
b) Abscission
c) Senescence
a) Gelatin
b) Silica gel
c) Acryl amide gel
29. Genesis of an entire plant from cultured explants directly or via callus indirectly is called
Regeneration
a). Differentiation
b). De-differentiation
c). Re-differentiation
d). Regeneration
a) Clonal propagation
b) Apomixis
c) Vegetative propagation
a) Stage 0
b) Stage 1
c) Stage 2
d) Stage 3
37. The suitable explant for producing virus free plant is …………..
a) Shoot tip
b) Leaf bit
c) Stem bit
38. The oxidation of phenolic compounds leached out from the cut surface of the explant in
tissue culture leads to …………..
a) Preparative stage
b) Initiation of culture
c) Multiplication
d) Rooting of shoots
40. The most important methods currently utilized for haploid production include ……….
41. The development of numerous pollen plantlets in anther culture of Datura innoxia was first
reported by ………………
a) Guha
b) Maheswari
c) Both a & b
43. In pollen culture, isolation of pollen grains from the cultured anthers is by ………………
a) Mechanical method
b) Float culture method
c) Both a & b
a). Northern
c). Kano
a). Northern
c). Kano
a). Hanning
a). Double
b). Single
c). Triple
51. Somaclonal variation arises as a result of chromosome structural changes like ……...
a). Cryoprotectant
b). Growth regulator
c). Osmaticum
a). Aneuploids
b). Sterile plants
c). Morphological variants
a). E. C. Cocking
b). Klecker
c). Takebe
d). N. stockonii
58. The artificial seeds can be used for specific purposes viz., ……..
a) 3
b) 4
c) 5
d) 6
(a) Bonner
(b) Laibach
(c) Haberlandt
(d) Gautheret
75. In-plant tissue culture, the callus tissues are generated into a complete plantlet by
altering the concentration________.
(a) Sugars
(b) Hormones
(c) Amino Acids
78. The instrument is necessary for drying the washed glassware are
A. Vacuum pump.
B. Hot air oven.
C. Heater.
D. Autoclave.
ANSWER: B Hot air oven.
79. The in vitro culture and maintenance of an excised organ primordial or whole or part
of an _______ culture.
A. anther.
B. callus.
C. organ.
D. suspension.
ANSWER: C organ.
81. Which plant growth hormones is highly required for growth of cell?
A. Gibberrellin.
B. Auxin.
C. Cytokinin.
D. Ethylene.
ANSWER: B Gibberrellin.
82. Which plant growth hormones is highly required for cell division?
A. Gibberrellin.
B. Auxin.
C. Cytokinin.
D. Ethylene.
ANSWER: C Cytokinin.
83. Callus is yellow in colour due to synthesis of _______ pigments.
A. carotenoid.
B. anthocyanin.
C. chlorophyll.
D. phycocyanin.
ANSWER: A carotenoid.
84. The genetic variability regenerated during tissue culture is termed as _____.
A. somoclonal variation.
B. organogenesis.
C. micropropagation.
D. androgenesis.
ANSWER: A somoclonal variation.
86. Plant growth regulators influence growth, metabolism and ________ of cultured cells.
A. differentiation.
B. elongation.
C. enlargement.
D. duplication.
ANSWER: A differentiation.
87. The optimal pH for plant tissue cultures is in the range of _____.
A. 2-3.
B. 3-4.
C. 4-5.
D. 5-6.
ANSWER: D 5-6.
88. The plant tissue culture medium can be sterilized in an autoclave at _____degree
celcius.
A. 131.
B. 121.
C. 141.
D. 111.
ANSWER: B 121.
89. The phenomenon of mature cells in meristematic state to produce callus is _____.
A. dedifferentiation.
B. redifferentiation.
C. totipotency.
D. all the above
ANSWER: A dedifferentiation.
90. The ability of callus cells to differentiate into a plant organ is called as _____.
A. dedifferentiation.
B. redifferentiation.
C. shoot-bud differentiation.
D. meristem differentiation.
ANSWER: B redifferentiation.
92. The concept of developmental stages in cultures in vitro culture was developed by
……………….
a) Murashige
b) Skoog
c) Both a & b
d) None of the above
93. The phenomenon of morphogenesis depends on the factors like……..
a) Polarity
b) Differentiation
c) Regeneration of individual cells
d) All the above
94. The mineral nutrient that plays a vital role in growth and differentiation of cultured tissues
is ………….
a) N
b) P
c) K
d) All the above
100. Somaclonal variation arises as a result of chromosome structural changes like ……...
a). Deletions and duplications
b). Gene mutations
c). Transposons
d). All the above
MCQ’s Of Plant tissue culture and its aPPlicatiOns
Pbtel-361
a) Gene expression
b) Transgenesis
c) Plant tissue culture
d) Cell hybridization
22. Name the term given to the ability of single cells to divide and produce all
the differentiated cell in the organism?
a) Unipotent
b) Pluripotent
c) Multipotent
d) Totipotency
23. Out of the following, which one is NOT the basic component of culture
media used for plant cultivation?
a) Complex mixture of salts
b) Amino acids
c) Serum albumin
d) Sugar/ sucrose
24. Mark the INCORRECT statement about agar, a gelling agent in plant
tissue culture medium?
a) Not digested by plant enzymes
b) It does not use in microprapogation work
c) It does not react with media constituents
d) Remain stable at incubation temperature
25. who is the father of plant tissue culture___________
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Gottlieb Haberlandt
c) Kary Mullis
d) Leeuwenhoek
26. ___________ is the advantage of plant tissue culture over animal tissue
culture
a) Plant culture require less time
b) Plant tissues are easily available
c) Totipotency of the plant cell
d) Plant tissue culture can be easily maintained with minimum requirements
27. Laminar airflow is used for the following reasons except:
a) Preparing media
b) Transferring explants
c) Aseptic transfer
d) For culture growth
28. Selection of culture media depends on________
a) Type of plant species used
b) Time for preparation of culture media
c) Cost for preparation
d) Maintenance of culture media
29. ___________is the type of Cell culture
a) Organ culture
b) Protoplast culture
c) Callus culture
d) Explant culture
30. Cell culture is used for ___________
a) Production of enzymes
b) Production of Secondary metabolites
c) Production of vaccines
d) Production of monoclonal antibodies
31. The following are the plant material used for tissue culture EXCEPT:
a) Tissues
b) Cells
c) Protoplasts
d) Flower
32. Zinc as micronutrient is used in culture media for _____________
a) Protein synthesis
b) DNA replication
c) Enzyme synthesis
d) For photosynthesis
33. Calcium used In nutrition media is the main component of ________part
of plant cell
a) Mitochondria
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Golgi bodies
d) Cell wall and cell membrane
34. Activated charcoal is used in nutrition media to _____________
a) Absorb toxic substances
b) Absorb moisture
c) Absorb elements
d) Absorb microbes
35. Which of the following comes under physical method of sterilization?
a. Moist heat method.
b. Sunlight
c. Lyophillization
d. Ethylene oxide treatment
36. Sterilization is?
a. Process of growing microbes in laboratory
b. Process for preparation of antibiotics
c. Killing or removing of all the microorganisms from an article
d. Fragmentation of big particles into smaller one for the preparation of tablets
37. Which of the following method is used for sterilization?
a. Moist heat method
b. Staining
c. Microbial inoculation
d. Incubation
38. Parenteral preparations can be sterilized through?
a. Chemical sterilization
b. Membrane filtration
c. Desiccation
d. Dry heat method
39. Basic principle behind sterility testing is?
a. Microorganisms imparts different colors when present as contaminant in any preparation
b. Presence of microbes can be detected by naked eye in any preparation
c. Microbes will grow if they will be provided with nutrient medium, optimum temperature
and pH
d. None of the above
3. What is the name of the bacteria known as natural genetic engineer of plants?
A. Escherichia coli
B. Agrobacterium tumefaciens
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Aspergillus niger
4. Media room of a plant tissue culture lab should consist of the following EXCEPT…?
A. pH meter
B. Autoclave machine
C. Analytical balance
D. Biosafety cabinet
12. Explant is
1. any cut part of the plant used in tissue culture
2. a plant extract used in tissue culture
3. a source of growth regulators added to media
4. solidifying agent
16. An amorphous mass of loosely arranged thin walled parenchyma cells developing from
explant
is called
1. Thallus 2. Callus 3. Callose 4. Embryoids
23. The time duration for sterilization process by using autoclave is ______ minutes and the
temperature is _______
A. 10 to 30 minutes and 125° C
B. 15 to 30 minutes and 121° C
C. 15 to 20 minutes and 125° C
D. 10 to 20 minutes and 121° C
Introduction of a new organ in an animal body with a view to create genetic mutation
B.
in the progenies of that animal
The aspects of culture in community which are mainly dedicated by the need of a
D.
specified organ of the human body
31. Organogenesis is
A. formation of callus tissue
increasing level of auxin to a callus induces shoot formation and increasing level of
B.
cytokinin promote root formation
B. cell wall
D. none of these
34. The phenomenon of the reversion of mature cells to the meristematic state leading to
the formation of callus is known as
A. redifferentiation
B. dedifferentiation
D. none of these
37. The ability of the component cells of callus to form a whole plant is known as
A. Redifferentiation
B. Dedifferentiation
D. none of these
39. When plated only in nutrient medium, how much time is required for the protoplast to
synthesize new cell wall?
A. 2-5 days
B. 5-10 days
C. 10-15 days
D. 15-17 days
B. Animals
C. Bacteria
D. all of these
41. Agrobacterium based gene transfer is efficient
A. only with dicots
1. The collection of growing large number of isolated plant cells under sterile condition is called
as _______.
A. plant tissue culture.
B. taxonomy.
C. anatomy.
D. physiology.
ANSWER: A
4. The in vitro culture and maintenance of an excised organ primordial or whole or part of an
_______ culture.
A. anther.
B. callus.
C. organ.
D. suspension.
ANSWER: C
5. The culture of excised radicle tips of aseptically germinated seeds is termed as _______
culture.
A. anther.
B. root.
C. pollen.
D. embryo.
ANSWER: B
9. A vegetative propagation of whole plants using tissue culture techniques is called as _______.
A. micropropagation.
B. somatic embryogenesis.
C. callus culture.
D. protoplast culture.
ANSWER: A
11. The small excised portion that are used to produce high mass of cells is _______.
A. callus.
B. explants.
C. tissue.
D. totipotent.
ANSWER: B
14. Which plant growth hormones is highly required for growth of cell?
A. Gibberrellin.
B. Auxin.
C. Cytokinin.
D. Ethylene.
ANSWER: B
15. Which plant growth hormones is highly required for cell division?
A. Gibberrellin.
B. Auxin.
C. Cytokinin.
D. Ethylene.
ANSWER: C
26. The production of adventitious roots and shoots from cells of tissue culture is termed as
_____.
A. organogenesis.
B. micropropagation.
C. callus culture.
D. suspension culture.
ANSWER: A
27. The developmental pathway of numerous well organized small embryoids is defined as
_____.
A. organogenesis.
B. micropropagation.
C. somatic embryogenesis.
D. suspension culture.
ANSWER: C
33. Protoplast fusion and somatic hybridization in plant are based on _____.
A. protoplast isolation.
B. cell wall gets disrupted.
C. fusion of pronuclei.
D. protoplast fusion.
ANSWER: A
34. Two or more adjoining somatic protoplasts are fused without any inducer is called as
_______ fusion.
A. spontaneous.
B. induced.
C. protoplast.
D. somatic cell.
ANSWER: A
37. The genetic variability regenerated during tissue culture is termed as _____.
A. somoclonal variation.
B. organogenesis.
C. micropropagation.
D. androgenesis.
ANSWER: A
47. The carbon source used mainly in plant tissue culture is _____.
A. sucrose.
B. mannose.
C. glucose.
D. lactose.
ANSWER: A
53. Plant growth regulators influence growth, metabolism and ________ of cultured cells.
A. differentiation.
B. elongation.
C. enlargement.
D. duplication.
ANSWER: A
54. The optimal pH for plant tissue cultures is in the range of _____.
A. 2-3.
B. 3-4.
C. 4-5.
D. 5-6.
ANSWER: D
55. The plant tissue culture medium can be sterilized in an autoclave at _____degree celcius.
A. 131.
B. 121.
C. 141.
D. 111.
ANSWER: B
62. The process can be used to bring two genetically different parents together for a common
desirable character is called _____.
A. hybridization.
B. protoplast fusion.
C. propagation.
D. sexual reproduction.
ANSWER: B
73. Which technique is mostly related to protoplasts that can be regenerated to viable plants?
A. Electroporation.
B. Gene gun.
C. Microinjection.
D. Liposome mediated.
ANSWER: A
74. Which region codes for proteins involved in the uptake and metabolism of opines in Ti
plasmids?
A. Promoter.
B. Vir.
C. Selectable Marker.
D. Opine catabolism.
ANSWER: D
77. The phenomenon of mature cells in meristematic state to produce callus is _____.
A. dedifferentiation.
B. redifferentiation.
C. totipotency.
D. all the above
ANSWER: A
78. The ability of callus cells to differentiate into a plant organ is called as _____.
A. dedifferentiation.
B. redifferentiation.
C. shoot-bud differentiation.
D. meristem differentiation.
ANSWER: B
79. The enzyme that can easily release the individual cells from the leaf tissues is ______.
A. macerozyme.
B. lysozyme.
C. zymogen.
D. chymotrypsin.
ANSWER: A
80. Name the type of culture that involves the addition of fresh nutrient medium and draining out
the used medium?
A. Batch.
B. Continuous.
C. Discontinuous.
D. Open continuous.
ANSWER: B
88. The best choice is culture to produce plants that are homozygous for all traits is ________.
A. anther.
B. axillary shoots.
C. bud.
D. meristem.
ANSWER: A
89. The culture used in plant tissue culture as a chemical factory for vitamins is _______.
A. suspension.
B. callus.
C. organ.
D. anther.
ANSWER: A
90. A characteristic feature of the chloroplast genome is the presence of two ________.
A. simple tandem arrays.
B. repeat interspersions.
C. compound tandem arrays.
D. identical inverted repeats.
ANSWER: D
116. What type of glasswares can be used in the plant tissue culture work?
A. Borosilicate.
B. Plastic.
C. Metal.
D. Aluminum.
ANSWER: A
119. The optimum condition of autoclaving in plant tissue culture is ___ ºC, ___ psi, ____min
A. 123, 15, 15.
B. 121, 17, 15.
C. 121, 15, 25.
D. 121, 15, 15.
ANSWER: D
123. The ability of an individual cell, even a protoplast to develop into whole plant is ______.
A. callus.
B. dedifferentiation.
C. redifferentiation.
D. totipotency.
ANSWER: D
127. Which enzyme can degrade middle lamella, cell wall of plant cells?
A. Zymogen.
B. Cellulases.
C. Macerozyme.
D. Pectinase.
ANSWER: C
128. The cell suspension culture grown in fixed volume of nutrient culture medium is termed as
______ culture.
A. batch.
B. continuous.
C. callus.
D. suspension.
ANSWER: A
129. The cellular growth rate and density is constant in _____ type of continuous cultures.
A. chemostat.
B. turbidostat.
C. closed.
D. batch.
ANSWER: A
130. The addition of fresh medium is done whenever there is an increase in turbidity is termed as
______.
A. chemostat
B. turbidostat.
C. equilibrium state.
D. isotonic state.
ANSWER: B
131. Which type of continuous cultures is highly useful for studies related to cytodifferentiation
and production of secondary metabolites?
A. chemostat.
B. closed
C. turbidostat.
D. batch.
ANSWER: B
133. The culture in which cell cycles for majority of cultured cells occur simultaneously is called
______culture.
A. batch.
B. synchronous.
C. asynchronous.
D. suspension.
ANSWER: B
139. When embryogenesis occurs directly on explants without production of callus it is called
_____ embryogenesis.
A. direct.
B. indirect.
C. reversible.
D. irreversible.
ANSWER: A
140. When explants produce callus and forms embryo is called ________ embryogenesis.
A. indirect.
B. direct.
C. reversible.
D. irreversible.
ANSWER: A
141. The high auxin levels can inhibit development and growth of _________.
A. root.
B. shoot.
C. embryo.
D. organ.
ANSWER: B
143. The genetic potential of a plant cell to produce entire plant is termed as __________.
A. callus
B. explants.
C. differentiation.
D. totipotent cell.
ANSWER: D
144. Encapsulated embryoids behave like true seeds that can grow in soil are called _______
seeds.
A. natural.
B. hybrid.
C. artificial.
D. cybrid.
ANSWER: C
145. The development of adventitious organs or premordia from undifferentiated cell mass in
tissue culture by the process of differentiation is
termed as _______.
A. organogenesis.
B. morphogenesis.
C. histogenesis.
D. cytogenesis.
ANSWER: A
146. The fusion of normal protoplast with enucleated protoplast that results in formation of ____.
A. cybrid.
B. hybrid.
C. cytoplasmic hybrids.
D. both a and c.
ANSWER: D