Star Delta Connection

Department of Electrical Engineering
Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad
Open Ended Lab

On
Star Delta Starter
Subject Title: EMS LAB
Semester: 5 Batch: EE-18(B)
Submitted by: Submitted to:

Name: Muhammad Shahbaz Zafar Name: Sir Meer Hamza
Reg. No: 190401085
Batch : EE-18 Section: B
STAR DELTA STARTER
A star delta starter is the most commonly used method for the starting of a 3
phase induction motor. In star delta starting an induction motor is connected in
through a star connection throughout the starting period. Then once the motor
reaches the required speed, the motor is connected in through a delta
connection.
A star delta starter will start a motor with a star connected stator winding. When
motor reaches about 80% of its full load speed, it will begin to run in a delta
connected stator winding.
A star delta starter is a type of reduced voltage starter. We use it to reduce the
starting current of the motor without using any external device or apparatus. This
is a big advantage of a star delta starter, as it typically has around 1/3 of the
inrush current compared to a DOL starter.
The starter mainly consists of a TPDP switch which stands for Tripple Pole Double
Throw switch. This switch changes stator winding from star to delta. During
starting condition stator winding is connected in the form of a star. Now we shall
see how a star delta starter reduces the starting current of a three-phase
induction motor.
For that let us consider,
VL = Supply Line Voltage, ILS = Supply Line Current and, IPS = Winding Current per
Phase and Z = Impedance per phase winding at stand still condition.
As the winding is star connected, the winding current per phase (I PS) equals to
supply line current (ILS).
IPS = ILS
As the winding is star connected, the voltage across each phase of the winding is
VL/root3
Hence, the winding current per phase is
Ips =VL/root3 Z
Since here, the winding current per phase (IPS) equals to the supply line current
(ILS), we can write,
Ils =VL/root3 Z
Now, let us consider the situation where the motor gets started with delta
connected stator winding from same three phase supply points,
Here, ILD = Supply Line Current and, IPD = Winding Current per Phase and Z =
Impedance per phase winding at stand still condition.
As the winding is delta connected, supply line current (I LD) is root three times of
the winding current per phase (IPD)
Ild= root3 Ipd
As the winding is delta connected, the voltage across each phase of the winding is
VL
Hence, the winding current per phase is
Ipd=VL/Z
Ipd = root3 VL/Z
Now, by comparing supply line currents drawn by an induction motor with star
and delta connected winding, we get
ILS= 1/3 ILD
Thus we can say that the starting current from the mains in case of star delta is
one-third of direct switching in the delta. Again, we know that the starting torque
of an induction motor is proportional to the square of the voltage applied to the
winding per phase.
The equation shows that star delta starter reduces the starting torque to one-
third of that produced by DOL starter. The star-delta starter is equivalent to an
autotransformer with a 57.7% tapping.
Advantages of Star Delta Starter

The advantages of star delta starters include:
1. Inexpensive
2. No heat is produced, or tap changing device needs to be used, hence
efficiency increases.
3. Starting current reduced to 1/3 of direct online starting current.
4. Produce high torque per ampere of line current.
Disadvantages of Star Delta Starter
The disadvantages of star delta starters include:
1. Starting torque is reduced to 1/3 of full load torque.

2. A particular set of motors required.
Components:
1. AC power supply
2. Neutral
3. Stop button
4. Start button
5. Contractor
6. Induction motor
7. Star delta connectible 3 phase
8. Normally open tripple contact
9. Timer,lamp
10. delay time relay
11. Normal open contact
12. Normal close contact
13. 3 phase (RST)
SIMULATION:
Open EKTS select the components.
Connect according to circuit.
We set timer to 7 sec.
First the circuit will run as star connection after reaching its required speed it
will convert to delta connection.
Conclusion:
As a conclusion, Voltage reduction during star-delta starting is achieved. During
starting the motor windings are connected in star configuration and this reduces
the voltage across each winding .This also reduces the torque by a factor of three.
After a period of time the winding are reconfigured as delta and the motor runs
normally. They is used as an attempt to reduce the start current applied to the
motor during start as a means of reducing the disturbances and interference on
the electrical supply.

Star Delta Connection

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Department of Electrical Engineering

Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad

Open Ended Lab

Subject Title: EMS LAB

Semester: 5 Batch: EE-18(B)

Submitted by: Submitted to:

For that let us consider,

Hence, the winding current per phase is

Ild= root3 Ipd

Hence, the winding current per phase is

Ipd = root3 VL/Z

Advantages of Star Delta Starter

1. Starting torque is reduced to 1/3 of full load torque.

7. Star delta connectible 3 phase

8. Normally open tripple contact

10. delay time relay

11. Normal open contact

12. Normal close contact

13. 3 phase (RST)

Open EKTS select the components.

Connect according to circuit.

We set timer to 7 sec.

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