Star Delta Starter For Three Phase - Formatted Paper

Journal of Control System and its Recent Developments
Volume 4 Issue 2
Star Delta Starter for Three Phase Induction Motor

V. B. Ghorpade*, P. M. Bajantri, S. Y. Dongre, M. E. Melage
ATS Sanjay Bhokare Group of Institutes, Faculty of Polytechnic, Miraj, Maharashtra, India
*Corresponding Author
E-Mail Id: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
We all know that three phase induction motors draw a lot of electricity when they first start up,
compared to when they are not running at full load. Various methods for beginning these
induction motors with low current values have been developed through time to lessen the
impacts of high starting current, and the sophisticated starting methods to lower starting
current are typically compromised with other factors. unexpected inrush currents caused by
the beginning system itself This project uses relays and an electronic timer to provide a
low-current start to the motor while also protecting it from inrush currents. In 50 Hz industrial
motors, the most popular low voltage starters are star or delta starts. They're utilized to try to
cut down on the amount of current used to start the engine. Three contactors, a timer, and a
thermal overload are used in the Star/Delta starter to operate a three-phase motor at 440 volts
at 50 Hz from an AC mains supply. A motor must be in the delta linked position during a
normal run to utilize the Star Delta Starter, and the major purpose is to be able to use the
starter. Because all the rotor bars are joined together to form a closed channel when the motor
is at idle, it acts like a short-circuited transformer on the secondary side. The rotor bars will be
subjected to a considerable current flow as a result of this. As a result, when the motor is
turned on, the stator draws a large current, 8-10 times the rated current. As a result, before
starting the motor, the voltage applied to it must be reduced. The current in a Star connection
is split into three phases, yet the line voltage is three times the phase voltage. When a motor is
started in a star connection, the voltage is dropped, resulting in a reduction in current. When
we operate the motor in a delta connection, the voltage is the same as the phase voltage, hence
full voltage is applied. Three contactors, a pneumatic timer, and a thermal overload relay or
circuit breaker are used to make a Star/Delta Starter for a three-phase motor with a 440-volt
AC main supply at 50 Hz.
Keywords: Star delta starter, MCB, contactors, overload relay, timer
INTRODUCTION on, the stator draws a high current that is

The induction motor is the most versatile 8-10 times the motor's rated current. It is
motor in the industrial sector, with a wide required to reduce the voltage applied to the
range of features. Self-starting, sturdy motor before starting it. The goal of the
construction, great efficiency, good power project is to offer induction motors with a
factor, and ease of control are just a few of low-voltage start. The star to delta
them. Squirrel cage induction motors are conversion is used to do this. In the field of
more commonly utilized than other 50Hz industrial motors, Star/Delta starters
varieties. Because all of the rotor bars are are arguably the most prevalent reduced
coupled to form a closed channel, the motor voltage starters. Star delta is used to
appears to be a short-circuited transformer minimize the start current applied to the
on the secondary side when it is at rest. The motor, and then full load current is applied
rotor bars will be turned by a huge current to the motor after some time. Because the
flow. As a result, when the motor is turned current in a star connection is the same in
HBRP Publication Page 1-4 2021. All Rights Reserved Page 1

Volume 4 Issue 2
all phases, and the line voltage is the root A low voltage starting is a star delta starter.
three times the phase voltage, If the motor It is used to minimize the motor's starting
is started as a star, the voltage is lowered current without the usage of any external
(resulting in lower current). Also, because devices or apparatus. A star delta starting
the voltage in a delta connection is the same has about 1/3 the inrush current of a DOL
as the phase voltage, full voltage is applied starter, which is a significant advantage.
when the motor is driven as a delta
connection. For operating a three-phase FEATURES
motor at 440 volts at 50 Hz on an ac mains • The beginning current for a star delta
supply, a Star/Delta starter and a thermal starter is 33% of the entire load current.
overload are often bought from three • The peak starting torque is 33% of the
contractors. Traditionally, the interlocking maximum load torque.
configuration of all the contactor coils is • The peak beginning current is 1.3 to
wired in 440-volt AC. The project uses a 2.6 times the full load current.
series of 12-volt DC relays in star mode to • The Star-Delta Starter is only suitable
start a three-phase motor at 440 volts AC for low to high power three-phase
mains supply 50 Hz, and then an induction motors.
electrically controlled timer to switch to • It has lowered the starting current and
delta mode. The motor connections are torque.
switched from star to delta with a time • Six connection cables are required for
delay using a set of relays.[1-3] the motor terminal box.
• In the Star Delta starter, the current
NEED OF STARTER peak and mechanical load on from the
star changeover delta are displayed.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
COMPONANTS • Overload Relay

• MCB • Timer
• Three Contactors • Connectors

Volume 4 Issue 2
WORKING PRINCIPLE windings are connected in a star

This is a low-voltage beginning method. arrangement, which reduces the voltage
Voltage is reduced during star-delta across each winding 3. This reduces torque
beginning by physically redesigning the by a factor of three as well. After some
motor windings, as seen in the image time, the windings are reorganized as delta
below. When the motor is started, the and the motor operates normally.[4,5]
Star Connect State winding, and the motor operates at

During the start-up of the star delta starter, maximum speed.
the main contactor and the star contactor
remain closed, completing the power CONCLUSION
circuit. The most frequent method for starting a
three-phase induction motor is with a star
The motor is connected in the star state at delta starter. During the starting period of
startup. In the star-connected configuration, star delta starting, an induction motor is
the voltage applied to the motor winding is connected in via a star connection. The
lowered to one-third of the line voltage.[6] motor is then hooked in through a delta
connection once it has reached the required
When the motor reaches full speed, i.e. 90 speed.
percent of full R.P.M, the timer connected
in the circuit is engaged. It first disconnects The Star/Delta starter is made up of three
the star contactor and then connects the contactors, a timer, and a thermal overload.
delta contactor to the circuit, implying that Because they only manage winding
the delta contactor is closed. currents, the contactors are smaller than the
single contactor used in a Direct on Line
Open State starter. The currents passing through the
The circuit gets open between switching winding are 13 = 0.58 (58%) of the total
from star to delta, and the motor does not current in the line.
remain in either star or delta mode. This is
referred to as an open transition stage. Another device that can be utilised to
reduce current demand during motor
Delta State initiation is a star delta starter. It is
When the timer was triggered, the motor frequently used to start three-phase
shifted from star to delta mode. The phase induction motors, although it can only be
voltage is equivalent to the line voltage in utilised when the motor is not loaded and
the delta connection condition. As a result, the required starting current is relatively
full line voltage is applied to the motor modest.

Volume 4 Issue 2
REFERENCES squirrel-cage induction motors. IEEE

1. Theraja, B. L., & Theraja, A. K. Transactions on Industry applications,
(1999). A textbook of Electrical 28(4), 921-937.
Technology in SI Units. In AC & DC 4. Rohilla, A., Chand H.C., Negi, J.A.
machines (Vol. 2). S. Chand Technical (2014). Star Delta Starter of Induction
Publications. Motor. IJIRT, 1(6).
2. Edwards, J. D. (1991). Electrical 5. Hussain, A. Electrical Machines. 2nd
machines and drives. Macmillan Edition, Dhanpatrai and Cooperative
International Higher Education.” publication.
3. Bonnett, A. H., & Soukup, G. C. 6. Rao S.S. Switchgear Protection and
(1992). Cause and analysis of stator power system. Khanna Publication.
and rotor failures in three-phase

Star Delta Starter For Three Phase - Formatted Paper

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Star Delta Starter For Three Phase - Formatted Paper

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Star Delta Starter For Three Phase - Formatted Paper

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Journal of Control System and its Recent Developments

Star Delta Starter for Three Phase Induction Motor

Keywords: Star delta starter, MCB, contactors, overload relay, timer

INTRODUCTION on, the stator draws a high current that is

HBRP Publication Page 1-4 2021. All Rights Reserved Page 1

COMPONANTS • Overload Relay

HBRP Publication Page 1-4 2021. All Rights Reserved Page 2

WORKING PRINCIPLE windings are connected in a star

Star Connect State winding, and the motor operates at

HBRP Publication Page 1-4 2021. All Rights Reserved Page 3

REFERENCES squirrel-cage induction motors. IEEE

HBRP Publication Page 1-4 2021. All Rights Reserved Page 4

You might also like