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    MS Oti

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Abd El Wahab
    The document discusses motor starting dynamics and acceleration. It explains why motor starting studies are important, how to model motors, different circuit models, characteristic curves, calculation methods, and features for simulating motor starting.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    MS Oti

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Abd El Wahab
    45 views16 pages
    The document discusses motor starting dynamics and acceleration. It explains why motor starting studies are important, how to model motors, different circuit models, characteristic curves, calculation methods, and features for simulating motor starting.

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    MS oti

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    The document discusses motor starting dynamics and acceleration. It explains why motor starting studies are important, how to model motors, different circuit models, characteristic curves, calculation methods, and features for simulating motor starting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views16 pages

    MS Oti

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Abd El Wahab
    The document discusses motor starting dynamics and acceleration. It explains why motor starting studies are important, how to model motors, different circuit models, characteristic curves, calculation methods, and features for simulating motor starting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    Motor Starting

    Dynamic Acceleration

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration


    Why to Do MS Studies?
    • Ensure that motor will start with voltage drop
    • If Tst<Tload at s=1, then motor will not start
    • If Tm=Tload at s<sr, motor can not reach rated speed
    • Torque varies as (voltage)^2

    • Ensure that voltage drop will not disrupt other loads


    • Utility bus voltage >95%
    • 3% Sag represents a point when light flicker becomes visible
    • 5% Sag represents a point when light flicker becomes irritating
    • MCC bus voltage >80%
    • Generation bus voltage > 93%

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 2


    Why to Do MS Studies?
    • Ensure motor feeders sized adequately
    (Assuming 100% voltage at Switchboard or MCC)
    • LV cable voltage drop at starting < 20%
    • LV cable voltage drop when running at full-load < 5%
    • HV cable voltage drop at starting < 15%
    • HV cable voltage drop when running at full-load < 3%

    • Maximum motor size that can be started across the line


    • Motor kW < 1/6 kW rating of generator (islanded)
    • For 6 MW of islanded generation, largest motor size < 1 MW

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 3


    Motor Modeling
    1. Operating Motor
    – Constant KVA Load
    2. Starting Motor
    – During Acceleration – Constant Impedance
    – Locked-Rotor Impedance
    – Circuit Models
    Characteristic Curves
    After Acceleration – Constant KVA Load
    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 38
    Locked-Rotor Impedance
    • ZLR = RLR +j XLR (10 – 25 %)
    • PFLR is much lower than operating PD.
    Approximate starting PF of typical squirrel
    cage induction motor:

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 39


    Circuit Model I
    • Single Cage Rotor
    – “Single1” – constant rotor resistance and
    reactance

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 40


    Circuit Model II
    • Single Cage Rotor
    – “Single2” - deep bar effect, rotor resistance and
    reactance vary with speed [Xm is removed]

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 41


    Circuit Model III
    • Double Cage Rotor
    – “DB1” – integrated rotor cages

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 42


    Circuit Model IV
    • Double Cage Rotor
    – “DB2” – independent rotor cages

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 43


    Characteristic Model
    • Motor Torque, I, and PF as function of Slip
    – Static Model

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 44


    Calculation Methods I
    • Static Motor Starting
    – Time domain using static model
    – Switching motors modeled as Zlr during starting and
    constant kVA load after starting
    – Run load flow when any change in system

    • Dynamic Motor Starting


    – Time domain using dynamic model and inertia model
    – Dynamic model used for the entire simulation
    – Requires motor and load dynamic (characteristic) model

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 45


    Calculation Methods II

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 46


    Static versus Dynamic
    • Use Static Model When
    – Concerned with effect of motor starting on other
    loads
    – Missing dynamic motor information

    • Use Dynamic Model When


    – Concerned with actual acceleration time
    – Concerned if motor will actually start

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 47


    MS Simulation Features
    • Start/Stop induction/synchronous motors
    • Switching on/off static load at specified loading
    category
    • Simulate MOV opening/closing operations
    • Change grid or generator operating category
    • Simulate transformer LTC operation
    • Simulate global load transition
    • Simulate various types of starting devices
    • Simulate load ramping after motor acceleration

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 48


    Automatic Alert
    • Starting motor terminal V
    • Motor acceleration failure
    • Motor thermal damage
    • Generator rating
    • Generator engine continuous
    & peak rating
    • Generator exciter peak rating
    • Bus voltage
    • Starting motor bus
    • Grid/generator bus
    • HV, MV, and LV bus
    • User definable minimum time
    span
    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 49
    Transformer LTC Modeling
    • LTC operations can be simulated in motor
    starting studies
    • Use global or individual Tit and Tot

    © 1996-2009 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Motor Acceleration Slide 58

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