Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba

Ipil-Ipil St. Brgy. Bucal Calamba City, Laguna

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

The Perception of Colegio de San juan de Letran Calamba STEM

students to the effectivity of Covid- 19 vaccines

Submitted by:
Alcabasa, Ela Louis L.
Canua, Ryza B.
Lucio, Elvis Joshua L.
Vitero, Hanna Jeanelle A.

Grade 11 – St. Francis Of Assisi

A Research Project
under Practical Research I of the
Senior High School Department
Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba

Calamba City, Laguna

APRIL 2022
 Abstract

Title of Research : The Perception of Colegio de San juan de Letran Calamba STEM
students to the effectivity of Covid- 19 vaccines

Researchers: Lucio, Elvis Joshua L.

Alcabasa, Ela Louis L.
Canua, Ryza B.
Vitero, Ma. Hanna Jeanelle A.

Research Adviser : Sir. Melon Javier

The researchers conducted a study that determined the perception of CDSL STEM
students about the effectiveness of Covid- 19 vaccines to them.

The study was designed to primarily: (1) know the insights of the insights of the
STEM students in Colegio de San Juan de Letran-Calamba about the effectivity of Covid
19 vaccines. (2) : guide to know which vaccine brand is favored by our fellow students.
(3): which vaccination programs are the best and most efficient. (4): to know if the
student’s Recommend the type of vaccine for children ages 12 and below.

Information and research data gathered primarily through a group interview with the
coordination of the Grade 11 STEM students from the Colegio de San Juan de Letran
Calamba in Laguna in order to get each perception regarding to Covid-19 vaccination
effectiveness. The students will serve as the participants of the study and each of them
were asked about their thoughts, opinions, and experience to the covid vaccination in
respective areas. The pre interview method is used as the instrument for collecting datas
from the Senior highschool students.
 Results showed that the majority of the respondents received the Pfizer vaccine due to
its effectiveness and availability to minors, in which Katella (2022) found a finding similar
to this in a study she conducted wherein the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine received full FDA
approval for people aged 12 and up. Respondents also showed some signs of mental
health problems before taking the vaccine. Because of the potential physical side effects
of the vaccine, the students were nervous and anxious. The respondents experienced
swelling or heaviness of arms, headaches, fever, and weakness of the body for a few
days right after taking the vaccine. In addition to the results, the researchers also found
out that most of the respondents received their vaccine overseas and some within
Laguna and NCR specifically. For the effectivity of vaccines, respondents felt the
immunity and effectivity of the vaccines right after taking them and would recommend
them to people who haven’t had their vaccine.

The researchers recommend having more respondents for them to answer all the
questions and for them to get even more information that is clear and broad.

Keywords: COVID-19, Pfizer-BioNTech, Katella, STEM, Comirnaty, SEHA, FDA, Letran

 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

The fast spread of COVID-19 has triggered a global epidemic. The SARS-CoV-2 virus
causes Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). It causes mild to severe respiratory disease that
usually resolves without specific treatment. The COVID-19 has impacted billions of
people worldwide. Preventive measures such as quarantines, lockdowns, social distance,
and community usage of face masks and face shields are effective approaches to stop
the effects of the COVID-19 virus.

The emergence of the COVID-19 has affected the lives of billions of individuals, globally.
The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that there are 103 million confirmed
cases and 2,260,259 deaths worldwide. Efficacious COVID-19 vaccinations have to be
developed and mass produced quickly to combat the epidemic. Healthcare
professionals have given billions of COVID-19 vaccination doses since the outbreak
began. Only 9 are licensed for use in emergencies, with effectiveness ranging from 50%
to 95%. All of these vaccinations are manufactured by Pfizer-BioNTech.

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, on March 1 and 6, 2021 in the Philippines,

two covid vaccines were made available to the public, primarily for healthcare workers,
laborers, and military members. People aged 45 and older will be eligible for the
vaccines by May 2021. Vaccine availability does not assure sufficient population
immunization because vaccine acceptance is a crucial element in vaccination efforts.
Many people, particularly students aged 18 and younger, are still apprehensive about
vaccines, expressing anxieties, questions, and worries over their safety and effectiveness
for adults, adolescents, and children.
 According to the Department of Health (DOH, 2021), the Covid-19 vaccination has
both merits and downsides. Vaccines work by imitating the disease-causing virus or
bacterium. Once infected with the disease-causing virus or bacterium, these antibodies
will give protection. Based on the available data, the FDA has determined that the
COVID-19 vaccinations are safe and effective. But when administered, these vaccinations
may cause discomfort, redness, itching or swelling at the injection site (which may last a
few hours), fever, weakness or exhaustion, headache, dizziness, diarrhea or nausea,
according to the Department of Health. Complications are possible with every
vaccination, although severe or life-threatening responses are uncommon or very rare.

The advantage of protection against severe COVID-19 is thought to outweigh the

danger. To reduce the danger of infection or sickness, everybody receiving the
vaccination will be thoroughly screened and continuously followed with the vaccination
process said by vaccinations groups/organizations. Getting COVID immunizations is one
of the issues some people are facing right now, therefore the researchers decided to
perform a study to see whether the COVID-19 vaccination is useful or not for Letran's
Senior High School STEM students.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine what are the perceived effects of the COVID- 19

vaccine to Colegio de San Juan de Letran STEM students. Specifically :

1. How did the Colegio de San Juan de Letran STEM students obtain information

regarding the COVID-19 vaccines?

 2. What were the perceptions of Colegio de San Juan de Letran STEM students

before getting the vaccines?

3. What did the Colegio de San Juan de Letran STEM students feel or experience

after getting the COVID-19 vaccine?

Research Objectives

This study aims to know the insights of the STEM students in Colegio de San Juan de

Letran-Calamba about the effectivity of Covid 19 vaccines. This would be also helpful for

those who aren’t getting the vaccine, this study will also be their guide to know which

vaccine brand is favored by our fellow students. Many of us are hoping for the

face-to-face classes to be back as early as possible but we don’t know what brand is the

most effective.

Significance of the study

The study would be useful to a lot of people, especially the communities and for
the people who do not believe in coronavirus vaccines. This study would specifically
benefit the following:

Filipino Citizens
 This study may benefit the Filipino Citizens, it may persuade the people to be

vaccinated or give them the courage to take vaccines. and it also can give the

communities information if it is effective or good for human health.

Department Of Health (DOH)

This study can help the authorities to know if they have something to improve in the

vaccines if it’s effective or if it affects the health. and for them to have the information

and opinions of different people in the vaccine’s effectiveness.

Colegio De San Juan De Letran-Calamba

This study could benefit the Colegio De San Juan De Letran-Calamba as they can use

this study to know if the students are fully vaccinated and to know if the vaccines hurt

the student's health or immune system.

Letran Students

This study would help the students to have knowledge about the effectiveness

of vaccines in humans' immune system or health. and for them to be encouraged to

take vaccines for the coronavirus.

enggany
Future Researchers of Letran-Calamba / other school

The data that will be collected in the study may serve as a reference for future

studies and future projects especially those that are related to The Perception of Colegio

de San Juan de Letran Calamba STEM students to the effectiveness of Covid 19 vaccines.

Scope and Limitations

This study focuses mainly on the perception of Colegio de San Juan de Letran STEM

students about the COVID vaccines used in different vaccination programs. The survey

questionnaires will be created in Google forms and will be immediately sent to Grade 11

STEM Students. With the help of the results gathered from our survey, we will be able

to determine the most efficient vaccine it is for people to take.

The survey questionnaires can’t be made on a hardcopy and also can’t be sent to

students right away because of COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the survey will be

conducted online with the use of Google forms.

Definition of Terms
Antibodies - also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the

immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria

and

viruses.

Complications - a medical problem that occurs during a disease, or after a procedure or

treatment.

Enhanced Community Quarantine - refers to the implementation of temporary

measures imposing stringent limitations on movement and transportation of people,

strict regulation of

operating industries, provision of food and essential services.

Emergence - the process of coming into being, or of becoming important or prominent.

Pandemic - an epidemic of an infectious disease that has spread across a large region,

for instance multiple continents or worldwide, affecting a substantial number of

individuals.

SARS-CoV-2 - The virus that causes a respiratory disease

called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 is a member of a large

family of viruses called coronaviruses.

Vaccine efficacy - is the percentage reduction in a disease in a group of people who

received a vaccination in a clinical trial.

 CHAPTER ll

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter is a compilation of related literature and studies in both

international and local, that have a direct impact and applicability to our current study

which is perception of Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba STEM students to the

effectivity of Covid- 19 vaccines.

I. Coronavirus

According to The World Health Organizations (WHO, 2022) The SARS-CoV-2 virus

causes Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), an infectious disease. Most people infected with

the virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without

requiring special treatment. However, some will become seriously ill and require medical

attention. Older people and those with underlying medical conditions like cardiovascular

disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cancer are more likely to develop

serious illness. Anyone can get sick with COVID-19 and become seriously ill or die at any

age.

II. History of COVID- 19

 According to (Raoult et al,.2020) COVID-19 is a newly emerging disease that

requires us to adjust our medical approach as we receive new observational evidence

about the virus and its behaviors. Indeed, the observation of symptoms usually rarely

associated with respiratory infections, such as anosmia or a lack of perceived dyspnea

with documented hypoxemia and severe radiological impairment on CT scan, and viral

thrombotic disease with up to 30% of critical cases developing pulmonary embolism, led

us to adapt our clinical approach toward SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia. Early

treatment of patients through the rapid implementation of specific PCR diagnostic tools

has been, in many cases, key to successfully controlling the disease. In most affected

countries, the epidemic appears to spontaneously resolve over time, but COVID-19

morbidity and mortality indicators are, paradoxically, worse in the rich countries of

Western Europe and the US than in developing countries.

III. Different types of COVID vaccines in the Philippines

Based on the study of Katella (2022) as the COVID-19 pandemic enters its third year,

the Omicron variant and other COVID variants have been responsible for an increase in

cases in the Philippines, largely among the unvaccinated, but also infecting some

vaccinated people. Fortunately, the good news is that COVID-19 vaccinations are still

predicted to be helpful in avoiding COVID-19-related severe illness. That’s why it's

important to keep up with how well the vaccines are performing in fighting off these

COVID variants. Here are the following COVID- 19 vaccines available in the Philippines:
Pfizer-BioNTech

In August 2021, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine which is the brand name for Comirnaty

received full FDA approval for people aged 12 and up. However, it was the first COVID-19

vaccine to get FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) in December 2020, after the

company revealed that the vaccine was highly successful in avoiding COVID virus

symptomatic sickness. According to ( Katella,.2022 ) The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine uses

mRNA technology which works by sending instructions to host cells in the body for

making copies of a spike protein. If the vaccine notices that another protein doesn’t

belong to a group, the immune system will immediately respond by activating the body’s

immune cells and will right away produce antibodies. As a result of that, the body will

easily identify and attack the real SARS CoV-2 spike protein if you become exposed to the

actual virus. Possible side effects are pain, redness, or swelling at the area where the

shot was administered, and/or tiredness, headache, muscle pain, chills, fever, or nausea

throughout the rest of the body.

Moderna

In January 2022, the FDA awarded full clearance to the Moderna vaccine with the

brand name Spike Vax for people aged 12 and above, upgrading the vaccine's

Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), which was granted in December 2020. According to

( Katella,.2022 ) Moderna vaccines use the same mRNA technology as Pfizer-BioNTech,

and its efficacy in preventing symptomatic disease was really identical. Basically, this is
an mRNA vaccine that's very similar to the Pfizer vaccine with 95% efficacy as well, that

provides instructions to the body's cells to make a spike protein that will train the

immune system to detect it. Possible side effects are pain, redness, or swelling at the site

where the shot was administered—and/or tiredness, headache, muscle pain, chills,

fever, or nausea throughout the rest of the body. If any of these side effects occur, they

should go away in a few days, almost the same as the Pfizer-BioNTech.

Johnson & Johnson

Katella (2022) found that in February 2021, the FDA approved Johnson & Johnson's

coronavirus vaccine with the brand name Janssen. This vaccine, unlike the preceding

two, is a carrier, or virus vector, vaccine, which has previously been used to prevent the

flu. J&J's vaccine was made easier to distribute and give to people who considered it to

be the most convenient vaccine to receive thanks to a one-shot technique. This

one-shot COVID vaccine can be given to adults 18 and older only due to its potential

side effects of risks of infection/diseases. Possible Side effects are pain, redness,

swelling in the arm where the shot was administered; tiredness, headache, muscle pain,

chills, fever, nausea throughout the rest of the body.

Oxford-AstraZeneca

This Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine is distinguished from some of its competitors by its

lower cost—it’s cheaper. It is said that this is a carrier vaccine, similar to the Johnson &

Johnson vaccination. Scientists create a harmless adenovirus as a shell to convey the

spike proteins' genetic instructions to the cells. The vaccine’s effectiveness is about 76%

15 days or more after receiving the two doses, there is also a 50% reduction in the

chance of symptomatic disease, and there is a 100% reduction in the risk of severe

disease. The vaccination was also found to be 85 percent effective in preventing

COVID-19 in those over 65. Possible side effects are tenderness, pain, warmth, redness,

itching, swelling or bruising at the injection site. A possible rare side effect might also

occur taking this vaccine (Katella, 2022).

NovaVax

According to ( Katella,.2022 ) The Novavax vaccine (also known as Nuvaxovid and

Covovax) has applied to the FDA for an EUA for their vaccine, which is already approved

in a number of other countries. The Novavax vaccine is much preferred for 18 yrs older.

This is a protein adjuvant, not an mRNA or vector vaccination. The Novavax vaccine takes

a different strategy than other vaccinations in that it uses the body's cells to create

components of the virus that can trigger the immune system. It has the coronavirus's

spike protein, but it's in the shape of a nanoparticle, so it can't cause disease. The

immune system is stimulated to make antibodies and T-cell immunological responses

when the vaccination is injected. It’s effectiveness is about 90%. Possible effects are

Injection site tenderness, fatigue, headache, and muscle pain.

IV. Benefits of Getting Covid- 19 Vaccines

 According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2022), getting

vaccinated against COVID-19 can lower your risk of getting and spreading the virus that

causes COVID-19. Vaccines can also help prevent serious illness and death.All steps have

been taken to ensure that vaccines are safe and effective for people ages 5 years and

older.If you already had COVID-19, you should still get a COVID-19 vaccine for added

protection.When you are up to date on COVID-19 vaccination, you can resume many

activities with proper precautions (e.g., mask wearing in indoor public spaces).

In addition, CDC (2022) found that vaccinating children can help protect family

members, including siblings who are not eligible for vaccination and family members

who may be at increased risk of getting very sick if they are infected.Vaccination can also

help keep children from getting seriously sick even if they do get COVID-19.Vaccinating

children ages 5 years and older can help keep them in school and help them safely

participate in sports, playdates, and other group activities.

V. Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines

The World Health Organization (WHO, 2022) reported that COVID-19 vaccines

can cause side effects, most of which are mild or moderate and go away within a few

days on their own. As shown in the results of clinical trials, more serious or long-lasting
side effects are possible. Vaccines are continually monitored to detect adverse events.

Reported side effects of COVID-19 vaccines have mostly been mild to moderate and have

lasted no longer than a few days. Typical side effects include pain at the injection site,

fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills and diarrhea. The chances of any of these

side effects occurring after vaccination differ according to the specific vaccine.

VI. Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines

According to (Huang,.2022) Vaccination is the most effective and feasible way to

contain the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The rapid development of

effective COVID-19 vaccines is an extraordinary achievement. This study reviewed the

efficacy/effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety profile of the 12 most advanced

COVID-19 vaccines and discussed the challenges and prospects of the vaccine-based

approaches in a global crisis. Overall, most of the current vaccines have shown safety

and efficacy/effectiveness during actual clinical trials or in the real-world studies,

indicating a development of pandemic control. However, many challenges are faced by

pandemic control in terms of maximizing the effect of vaccines, such as rapid vaccine

coverage, strategies to address variants with immune escape capability, and surveillance

of vaccine safety in the medium- and long-term.

VII. COVID-19 in children and the importance of COVID-19 vaccination .

 According to (Xue FX & Shen KL, 2021) Compared to the pre-variants period of

the epidemic, children currently account for a higher proportion of COVID-19 cases and

a higher hospitalization rate. Considering that variants of concern show increased

transmissibility, children, being the largest unvaccinated population, may be more likely

to transmit and result in more COVID-19 cases in the future. Vaccination has benefits in

terms of reduced community transmission and will help achieve herd immunity, which

could considerably reduce morbidity, mortality, and pressure on health systems. It is also

possible that it will help protect them from new variants. Furthermore, the available

evidence confirms that the COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective for children. Taking

all these considerations into account, we should promote the vaccination against

COVID-19 in children

VIII. Harnessing strategic policy on COVID-19 vaccination

According to (Cardenas, 2021) The government’s key role is to be proactive,

transparent and efficient in COVID-19 vaccines procurement and rollout to promote

public trust to reach herd immunity. However, Philippines’ recent House Bill 9252 or

‘Mandatory COVID-19 Immunization Act of 2021’ alarmed the public as it sought to

require all Filipinos to receive the vaccine for free at any government hospital or health

center, except for those persons unfit due to medical conditions.

IX. Vaccination in the Philippines

 As reported by (Reyes M. et al., 2020) In anticipation of a potential vaccine for

COVID-19, vaccine uptake may be critical in overcoming the pandemic, especially in

countries like the Philippines, which has among the highest rates of infection in the

region. Looking at the progress of vaccination in the country – its promises, pitfalls, and

challenges – may provide insight for public health professionals and the public. The

history of vaccination in the Philippines is marked by strong achievements, such as the

establishment and growth of a national programme for immunization, and importantly,

the eradication of poliomyelitis and maternal and neonatal tetanus.

It is also marred by critical challenges which provide a springboard for

improvement across all sectors – vaccine stock-outs,strong opposition from certain

advocacy groups, and the widely publicized Dengvaxia controversy. Moving forward,

with recent surveys having shown that vaccine confidence has begun to improve, these

experiences may inform the approaches taken to address vaccine uptake.

X. Health Services Marketing for Routine Child Vaccinations in the Philippines

According to Mendoza, R. L. (2015, 17 july) The experience of one developing nation

in implementing the World Health Organization's (WHO) Expanded Program of

Immunization for Infants and Young Children is examined in this paper. Disparities in

usage and completion rates for free, required child vaccines are of great concern to

decision-makers in many developing countries, such as the Philippines. As a result,

several vaccine-preventable illnesses nevertheless have a high frequency. Herd immunity

might be severely hampered by search and information expenses, as well as monitoring

and enforcement costs, according to the study.The externalities of child immunizations

imply that innovative social marketing may play a critical role in enhancing health-care

accessibility and quality. This consumer behavior-change approach is based on a

marketing mix of location, pricing, product/service, and promotion. Key problems in

emerging nations are relevance and adaptability to target beneficiary requirements and

socioeconomic realities. The study's last part suggests specific marketing methods to

solve these issues.

XI. Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed

According to (Halton et al.,2020) the need to rapidly develop a vaccine against

SARS-CoV-2 comes at a time of explosion in basic scientific understanding, including in

areas such as genomics and structural biology, that is supporting a new era in vaccine

development. Over the past decade, the scientific community and the vaccine industry

have been asked to respond urgently to epidemics of H1N1 influenza, Ebola, Zika, and

now SARS-CoV-2.Vaccines for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola, and

Zika did not follow a similar path. Developing vaccines is a time-consuming and costly

procedure. Attrition is considerable, and it usually takes many candidates and several

years to develop an approved vaccine. Because of the high failure rates and high
expense, developers often follow a linear series of stages, with numerous pauses for

data analysis or manufacturing-process checks.

XII. COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in students and trainees of healthcare

professions

Amidst the global enthusiasm for the COVID-19 vaccine, vaccination hesitancy

received wide attention from the media, scientific community, and policymakers. In

particular, glaring media reports of vaccine hesitancy among healthcare professionals

emerged despite the prioritization of this group for COVID-19 vaccination. A recent

review of more than 75,000 healthcare professionals around the world estimated that

more than a fifth of the healthcare workers globally was hesitant about COVID-19

vaccinations. COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in students of healthcare professions as

identified in this review are concerning for multiple reasons. Unvaccinated students and

trainees in healthcare professions can pose a risk of COVID-19 infection to themselves,

their patients, coworkers, and family members. (Biswas et al., 2021).

XIII. Filipinos’ health information-seeking behaviors and their implications for

COVID-19 vaccination

This study examined Filipinos' health information-seeking behaviors, specifically

their information engagement and apprehension of getting the COVID-19 vaccine, the

reasons for vaccination, and how these factors influenced their decision to get

vaccinated. Many Filipinos' decisions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine were influenced
by lack of understanding, disinformation, and misinformation regarding the vaccine's

advantages and risks (Cordero, 2021; DOH, 2021). It is critical to understand what

influences Filipinos’ health-seeking behaviors, as well as what drives them to refuse

medical care despite the dangers of not receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The fight

against vaccine hesitancy became even more essential during the COVID-19 pandemic,

XIV. Examining the intentions of Philippine teachers to vaccinate against COVID-19

According to Cahapay (2021) The global COVID-19 crisis disrupted education

systems around the world. With the call for vaccination as a crucial step toward

educational recovery, it is important to study the intentions of teachers to vaccinate

against COVID-19. Thus, this article aimed to examine the intentions of Filipino teachers

to vaccinate against COVID-19. A sample of 1070 K to 12 teachers from Mindanao,

Philippines participated in the online survey. The collected data were analyzed using

descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that a large majority of the

teachers are uncertain about whether they will vaccinate against COVID-19 or not. When

looking into the underlying reasons, they expressed that they do not have enough

knowledge about the vaccine and are concerned about its potential side effects. The

results further revealed that gender, monthly income, and educational attainment were

significantly associated with the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Lastly, it was

found out that a low level of barriers significantly predicted the intention of the teachers

to vaccinate against COVID-19.

XV. Public Attitudes and Influencing Factors towards COVID-19 Vaccination for
Adolescents/Children: A Scoping Review

According to (Zifen Guo et al.,2022) The majority of parents were skeptical and

unwilling to receive emergency-approved vaccines. With the continuous fermentation of

COVID-19 pandemic, the pace of vaccine development has also increased, appearing in

the new progress in public willingness to vaccinate children. Until now, COVID-19

vaccination remains essential for achieving herd immunization to reduce the pandemic

burden15 . Vaccination hesitancy has been identified as a significant public health crisis.

Whereas, we conducted a rapidly scoping review for the latest studies in recent months

to clarify the public (including adults, parents, and adolescents themselves) attitudes

and influencing factors towards COVID-19 vaccination for adolescents or children and

provide information or advice for public institutions to better implement immunization

plans. Considering the vaccines’ rapid development and application, we mainly included

studies after PfizerBioNTech COVID-19 vaccine first emergency approval among adults to

present the latest views.

Synthesis of Review of Related Literature

The World Health Organizations,(2022) and Didier Raoult ,(2020) Said The

SARS-CoV-2 virus causes Coronavirus Disease an infectious disease and COVID-19 is a

newly emerging disease that requires us to adjust our medical approach as we receive

new observational evidence about the virus and its behaviors and the World Health
Organizations,(2022) also include in their article the side effects of getting covid vaccine

and Reported side effects of COVID-19 vaccines have mostly been mild to moderate and

have lasted no longer than a few days. Typical side effects include pain at the injection

site, fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills and diarrhea.

Kathy Katella,(2022) explains the difference of three covid19 vaccines for them

The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine uses mRNA technology which works by sending instructions

to host cells in the body for making copies of a spike protein. If the vaccine notices that

another protein doesn’t belong to a group, the immune system will immediately

respond by activating the body’s immune cells and will right away produce antibodies.

and Moderna vaccines use the same mRNA technology as Pfizer-BioNTech, and its

efficacy in preventing symptomatic disease was really identical. This Oxford-AstraZeneca

vaccine is distinguished from some of its competitors by its lower cost—it’s cheaper.

The Novavax vaccine takes a different strategy than other vaccinations in that it uses the

body's cells to create components of the virus that can trigger the immune system. And

the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2022) explain the benefits of

getting vaccinated against COVID-19 can lower your risk of getting and spreading the

virus that causes COVID-19. Vaccines can also help prevent serious illness and death.

According to (Huang,.2022) and (Xue FX & Shen KL, 2021) the current vaccines

have shown safety and efficacy/effectiveness during actual clinical trials or in the

real-world studies, indicating a development of pandemic control and children being the
largest unvaccinated population, may be more likely to transmit and result in more

COVID-19 cases in the future. Vaccination has benefits in terms of reduced community

transmission and will help achieve herd immunity, which could considerably reduce

morbidity, mortality, and pressure on health systems. And for Cardenas (2021) and

Reyes M. (2020) for countries like the Philippines, which has among the highest rates of

infection in the region. Looking at the progress of vaccination in the country – its

promises, pitfalls, and challenges – may provide insight for public health professionals

and the public. And The government’s key role is to be proactive, transparent and

efficient in COVID-19 vaccines procurement and rollout to promote public trust to reach

herd immunity.

In addition, For (Halton et al.,2020) the Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at

Pandemic Speed is needed rapidly to develop a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 comes at a

time of explosion in basic scientific understanding, including in areas such as genomics

and structural biology, that is supporting a new era in vaccine development. A recent

review of more than 75,000 healthcare professionals around the world estimated that

more than a fifth of the healthcare workers globally was hesitant about COVID-19

vaccinations (Biswas et al., 2021).

And for this study of Filipinos’ health information-seeking behaviors and their

implications for COVID-19 vaccination explains that Many Filipinos' decisions to receive

the COVID-19 vaccine were influenced by lack of understanding, disinformation, and

misinformation regarding the vaccine's advantages and risks (Cordero, 2021; DOH,

2021). And for Cahapay, M. B. (2021) study she explains the uncertain teachers

whether to get or not get vaccines and a large majority of the teachers are uncertain

about whether they will vaccinate against COVID-19 or not. When looking into the

underlying reasons, they expressed that they do not have enough knowledge about the

vaccine and are concerned about its potential side effects. This study (Zifen Guo et

al.,2022) conducted explains the attitudes and influencing factors towards COVID-19

vaccination for adolescents or children and provides information or advice for public

institutions to better implement immunization plans. Considering the vaccines’ rapid

development and application, we mainly included studies after PfizerBioNTech COVID-19

vaccine first emergency approval among adults to present the latest views. And we also

included what is the disparities in usage and completion rates for free, required child

vaccines are of great concern to decision-makers in many developing countries, such as

the Philippines. As a result, several vaccine-preventable illnesses nevertheless have a

high frequency. Mendoza, R. L. (2015, 17 july)

Research Paradigm

The input includes the STEM students and the vaccine brands such as Pfizer-

BioNTech, Moderna, Oxford - AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, Gamaleya, NovaVax,

Sinovac, vaccines which were used to process the survey of the study. In addition, the

related literature and studies were served as input and used in the synthesis. Lastly,

interview questionnaires such as google forms were used as input during collection,
transcription, and descriptive analysis for its process. After this process, the research

paper served as the outputs of the two inputs. The output was not considered as the

final stage but can be recycled as feedback that will help for improving input.
 Chapter III

Methodology

Research Design

The researchers will be using a phenomenological research, a qualitative study

approach that seeks to understand and describe the universal essence of a phenomenon
which in our case is the covid- 19 pandemic. A qualitative study is is primarily to
describe a situation, phenomenon, problem or event in which our case is the Covid-19.
Qualitative study is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and
motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or
hypotheses for potential quantitative research. The interview will be conducted through
Google Meet for a clear and broad discussion.

Research Locale

The study will be conducted in the Philippines at Colegio de San Juan de Letran
Calamba. The Grade 11 STEM respondents from the Colegio will be interviewed with the
use of Google Meet. The interviews can’t be done face-to-face since some respondents
are not allowed to go outside because of COVID-19. The researchers chose the place of
implementation because it will give the researchers the needed information about
COVID-19 vaccines and it will be easy for them to gather data within their school.

Samples and Population of the Study

Approximately, a total of 4 Grade 11 STEM Students from Colegio de San Juan de

Letran Calamba would be given a chance to participate in the interview. The researchers
will be using a critical case sampling strategy to yield the best results and allows the
researcher to develop logical generalization. For the criteria to be qualified in the
interview, the participants should be a Grade 11 STEM student from Colegio de San Juan
de Letran Calamba who has completed their second dose of COVID vaccine.Has a high
academic performance allowing the researchers to acquire clear and broad replies. Has
been reading and watching news on social media. Lastly, ages should be 18 and under.

The interview will be conducted on the chosen participants to collect data regarding
their perception to the effectivity of Covid- 19 vaccines.

Instrumentation and Procedure

The instrument will be unstructured interviews whereas researchers have more

freedom and is not aided with predetermined questions. Questions develop naturally
along the process to collect the data required for the study. In addition, The researchers
will be using the focus group interview in which we will interview 4 participants at the
same time. The researchers decided to interview our respondents for data collection.
For the interview, the researchers will choose students/respondents who have great
academic performance, so that we get the appropriate or accurate information and data
for our study. The interview will be entirely on our title or focus, which is specifically
regarding the efficacy of covid-19 vaccines. Google Meet will be the equipment and
program we will utilize to collect data, while Messenger or Gmail was used to request
permission. In the interview, we will utilize laptops, tablets or any type of technology
during the interview. A member of the research group will also take notes in google docs
and ask the interviewees a consent for the recording of the interview. Again, there are
the data collection devices and software the researchers will use.
Method of Data Collection

The collection of our data will be through conducting mediated interviews by

using Google Meet app. For this study, we will hold an online meeting with all of our
group members and the STEM students we have chosen to collect responses. One of our
group members will be assigned to record the entire interview, while the rest of us will
conduct the interviews with our chosen respondents. We will conduct our interview
using proper methods and a systematic process, and we will ensure that the documents
we retain come from a credible and reliable source through proper research.

Prior to selecting our respondents for the aforementioned interview, we

thoroughly asked and informed them about this activity. As our interview progresses, we
will observe appropriate manners and etiquettes while respectfully asking them certain
questions formally related to our subject . We have considered and will continue to
consider their personal matters in order to protect them from emotional, physical, and
mental harm.

Our Google Meet interview will be screen recorded by one of our members, with
the agreement of our respective respondents.

Data Analysis Procedure

To be able to analyze the accumulated data from Grade 11 STEM students of

Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba if what is the perception of students about the
effectivity of Covid-19 vaccines. The researchers will use online interview via Google
Meet to examine the perceptions of the students. The meeting will start with asking four
students while each of them will answer ten questions prepared by the group
researchers.

In our case, the time table given is limited and it will only lasts for one hour and
twenty mins. Our group will use descriptive analysis for analyzing the answers of the
responders. This process will provide us in depth summary about the perceptions of
one's students. With our approach, it will help researchers with a sensible summary of
answers and determine which is the most effective Covid-19 vaccine for Grade 11 STEM
students.
 Chapter IV

Results and Discussion

Student’s Emotional Response before getting covid vaccine

The participants of this study shared their thoughts and emotional state before getting
vaccinated. One of the respondents shared that “I was little worried at first since I
assumed i’d get all of the side effects”. While another participant shared that “Before
being vaccinated for the first time, I was quite nervous, since it's been a long time that I
haven't been injected.” These two statements showed that participants experienced
some negative emotional response. Which gave them short term feelings of anxiety and
nervousness. Some respondents also showed positive emotional responses before
getting their 2nd dose of vaccine whereas one of our respondents said that “I felt
excited already. very different from the way I felt in my first dose”. These statements
show that some students suffered from negative emotional response from getting their
first dose and some experienced positive emotional response before getting their
second dose of covid vaccine.

Table 1. List of the feelings that the respondents felt before being vaccinated

Themes Codes Analytical units/ supporting

statements

Negative Emotional - “I was quite nervous but also

Response kinda excited, pero lamang yung
Nervous kaba.”
This group of codes shows
the feelings or mental health - “I was nervous about the
problems that the possible side effects.” (INT4 P1
participants experienced L4)
before getting the vaccine. - “Actually, Im slightly nervous
The participants experienced before vaccine kasi sa mga
some nervousness, anxiety naririnig kong balita, may
brought about by the stress negative effects daw ung
 from getting the vaccine. vaccine kaya medyo
nakakakaba.” (INT1 P1 L4)

- “Admittedly, I felt very anxious

because of the side effects and
it's publicly free, whatever bad
Anxious effects I may have, they are not
liable.” (INT3 P1 L4)
- “I was little worried at first since
I assumed i’d get all of the side
effects”(INT4 P2 L9)

Positive emotional response - “I'm also excited on the other

hand since alam kong
This group of codes explains ma-i-immune na ko sa covid and
the positive thoughts and alam ko na isa yon sa magiging
feelings of the participants step para tuluyan nang mawala
even before getting their ang Covid.”(INT1 P1 L4)
vaccine. Just Fine
- "I must say that my first and
second dosage schedules went
smoothly, and I did not have to
wait long because the personnel
are accommodating." (INT4 P1
L3)

Student’s side effects after getting the vaccine

The participants of this study shared the side effects they experienced in their body
after getting the vaccine. One of the respondents shared their experience and said that
“the short-termed side effect that happened would be the aching of my arm for 3 days,
during the first dose, but it was lessened on the second dose”. One respondent also said
that “Another short-term effect was when I had a fever, accompanied by a painful
headache that lasted for 2-3 days.” These statements basically state that the participants
experienced physical side effects including Heaviness or swelling of arms, fever that
would last for days, weakness of the whole body, and headaches. Some respondents
also stated that they didn’t get any long-term side effects but just short-term effects
after getting their first dose of vaccine.

Table 2. List of all the side effects that the students experienced after the vaccine.

Themes Codes Analytical units/ supporting

statements

Physical Side Effects - “Another short-term effect

was when I had a fever,
This group of codes shows all Fever & Headache accompanied by a painful
the negative side effects that headache that lasted for 2-3
the students had after getting days.” ( INT3 P1 L6)
their vaccines. - “I had some discomfort and
headache at the injection
site” (NT 4 P2 L4)

- “Short-term was a physical

Swelling or Heaviness ache in my arms, it felt hard
of arms and heavy yet painful to
touch or raise.” (INT3 P1 L6)
- “I had severe headaches and
arm pain” (NT 4 P2 L4)

- “Medyo sumama
Weakness pakiramdam ko, yung parang
ang hina ako, and I actually
slept for 14 hours that day.” (
INT1 P1 L6)

Positive Side Effects - “In spite of being free, it also

served as an opportunity to
This group of codes states all Immunity have an extra protection in
of the positive effects that my immunity, so I was
the students experience right allowed to do so.” (INT2 P1
after getting their vaccine. L7)
- Several articles indicated that
it is one of the most effective
vaccines, especially for my
age (INT 4 P2 L5)
Experiences during the vaccination drive

The participants of this study shared their thoughts and experiences during the
vaccination drive. Some of the respondents shared that “one of the positive experiences
I encountered would be the time when the nurse and doctors were kind to me, even
though marami silang naturukan…(even though they vaccinated a lot of people), they
are very eager to do their work. Then, the negative experience would be the time when I
slightly felt dizzy while going home.” In addition to that, one of the participants also said
“Wala naman akong negative experience siguro masasabi ko nalang na nabored ako sa
pila pero other than that, wala namang negative experience yung vaccination drive
sakin, and I think having a vaccine is already a positive experience for me, since
maiimune na ako sa covid and nakakagaan ng pakiramdam.”...(“I don't have a negative
experience, maybe I can just say that I was bored in the queue but other than that, the
vaccination drive didn't have a negative experience for me, and I think having a vaccine
is already a positive experience for me, since I can be immune to covid and it feels good.
”). These statements showed results of experience whereas some felt either boredom
and well accommodated by the healthcare workers during the vaccination process.

Table 3. List of all the positive and negative experiences that the students felt during the
vaccination drive.

Themes Codes Analytical units/

supporting
statements

Positive Experiences - “...when I asked the

This group of codes shows doctor for advice as
all positive experiences an aspiring doctor,
that the students felt Well Accommodated he was honest and
during the vaccination polite in answering
drive. my questions about
 med-related
courses and
specializations. I
really appreciate
him taking his time
with us and giving
me great advice as
a doctor himself.”
(INT3 P1 L3)
- “I did not have to
wait long because
the personnel at
the vaccination
center were really
accommodating
and organized” (INT
4 P2 L3)

- “Positively, I’d say

the people
managing the
vaccination drive
Polite & Organized were very polite.
From the guards, to
the doctors and
nurses, they were
all very polite and
organized.” (INT3
P1 L3)
- “I learned about it
through my mother
and a family friend
suggested it and
informed us about
the positive
reviews.

Negative Experience - “wala naman akong

negative
This group of codes shows experience, siguro
the negative experiences masasabi ko nalang
that the students felt Boredom na nabored ako sa
pila pero other than
 during the vaccination that, wala namang
drive. negative
experience ung
vaccination drive
sakin.” ( INT 1 P 2 L
3)

Variants of Covid- 19 vaccine

The participants of this study shared what type of vaccines they have taken and how
they were assured about the vaccines’ efficiency. In the majority of the responses, the
participants claimed that they took Pfizer and some stated that “I knew they were
effective since most of my family and friends were vaccinated with Pfizer’s vaccine as
well”. One respondent also took Pfizer as she stated that, “Experts have said that Pfizer
vaccines are suitable for our age since hindi raw siya masyadong malakas ang effect
compared to adults”...(“Experts have said that Pfizer vaccines are suitable for our age
since it does not have a very strong effect compared to adults.”). Katella (2022) found a
finding similar to this in a study she conducted wherein the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine
which is the brand name for Comirnaty received full FDA approval for people aged 12
and up. These statements basically state that the participants have their grounds
regarding the type of COVID vaccines they have taken. Some respondents based on the
experts’ affirmations while the others have their relatives’ personal experiences as their
basis about the vaccines’ efficacy.

Table 4. Types of vaccines our respondents have taken and their supporting statements
to why they have chosen this specific brand.

Themes Codes Analytical units/ supporting

statements
Type of Vaccine - “I knew they were effective
This group of code since most of my family and
shows the types of Pfizer friends were vaccinated with
vaccines our Pfizer’s vaccine as well.”
respondents have (INT3 P1 L5)
taken and their
supporting
statements to why
they have chosen this
specific brand.

- “thankfully, the COVID

vaccines that were injected
to me is the brand Pfizer, and
it is one of the brands that I
trust for now. Experts have
said that Pfizer vaccines are
suitable for our age since
(hindi raw siya masyadong
malakas ang effect compared
to adults).” (INT2 P1 L5)

- “Pfizer was my first and

second dosage of
vaccination, and I felt it was
successful since I did some
research before having it,
and several articles indicated
that it is one of the most
effective vaccines, especially
for my age.”(INT4 P1 L5)
- “I got pfizer because that was
the only vaccine available
that time.” (INT 1 P1 L 5)
- “Pfizer was my first and
second dosage of
vaccination” (INT 4 P2 L5)
Covid- 19 vaccination Programs/Organization

Participants of this study discussed the different programs or organizations they chose
to get their first and second dose of covid vaccine. “I got mine in SM San Lazaro, Manila,
under Resbakuna. I was notified by the government of scheduled dates I could get
vaccinated.” one said. The other respondent also said that “ I had my vaccine in the
SEHA vaccination center in Abu Dhabi. These statements explain that most of the
respondents got all of their covid vaccines within the Philippines and one from overseas.

Table 5. List of all the Covid vaccine organization/programs

Themes Codes Analytical units/ supporting

statements

Vaccination - “I got vaccinated in

Programs/Orgs Mandaluyong City. I
got the information
This group of codes about it because of
shows all of the NCR my aunt. Friend kasi
organizations where ng tita ko yung parang
the respondents got head ng vaccination
their vaccines and drive na yun kaya
their supporting nasingit ako and ung
statements as to why isa kong pinsan agad.”
they have chosen this ( INT 1 P 1 L 2)
program.

- “I got my vaccine from

LB Resbakuna, since I
Laguna am from Los Baños. I
was informed about
the organization
through several
commercials as well
as posts from social
media.” (INT2 P1 L2)

- “I had my vaccine in
SEHA vaccination
 center in Abu Dhabi. It
was under SEHA
organization, also
Overseas known as The Abu
Dhabi Health Services
Company. I learned
about it through my
mother and a family
friend who suggested
it and informed us
about the positive
reviews”(INT4 P1 L2)

Perspective/opinion on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines

Participants of this study shared their own opinion and perspective regarding the
effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. One of our respondents stated: “In terms of
effectiveness, I personally haven’t witnessed how effective it is first hand, but I trust that
like all vaccines, it was mainly distributed after being certified by specialists in the field
and government, making sure it benefits our health.” Another response we got was, “I
would say that it is necessary for us to have vaccines since it will make our immunities
stronger to prevent ourselves from the spreading virus. I can also say that I appreciate
the efforts of some scientists who made the vaccines for a possible cure or prevention
from covid.” From these statements from our respondents, we can observe that these
students have not yet witnessed the effectiveness of the vaccines; however, they trust
the specialists in this field pertaining to the vaccines’ effectiveness as they get their own
shots.

List 6. List of all the participants perceptions regarding to the effectiveness of Covid
Vaccines
 Themes Codes Analytical units/
supporting
statements

Perspective on - “I would say that it

effectiveness of COVID is necessary for us
vaccines Good perceptions to have vaccines
since it will make
This group of codes shows our immunities
all of the organizations of stronger to prevent
the participants ourselves from the
perceptions regarding to spreading virus. I
the effectiveness of Covid can also say that I
Vaccines appreciate the
efforts of some
scientists who
made the vaccines
for a possible cure
or prevention from
covid.” (INT2 P1
L11)

- “Covid-19
vaccination for me
is effective so let us
all get our
vaccination and do
our part to ensure
that the pandemic
is finally
eradicated”(INT4
P1 L11)

- “So I must say,

effective talaga ung
vaccine and I
encourage
everyone to be
vaccinated para
lahat tayo is ma
Persuasive opinions immune na sa covid
and bumalik na sa
normal ang lahat.” (
 INT 1 P 3 L 11 )

- “I think getting the

vaccine is
important so that if
we ever get covid,
our bodies won’t
have a severe
reaction like from
those
unvaccinated.”
(INT3 P1 L11)
 Chapter V

Research Implications

This chapter of the research study presents a summary, notable findings, conclusions,
and recommendations based on the outcomes of the administered study. The purpose
of this research was to determine the covid’s vaccine effectiveness to the youth
specifically teenagers form 18 and below. The goal of this study was to see how effective
the vaccine is and to see if it's effective to children ages 12 and below. Furthermore, the
importance and information about Covid-19 vaccines was discovered through this
research.

Objectives of the Study

Specifically the study intends to :

1. Find the most effective Covid-19 vaccine with the fewest adverse effects.

● Response of the body to covid immunity

● Short and Long term physical side effects after being vaccinated

2. Determine the most efficient vaccination program

● Social Distancing
● Community use of face masks and face shield
● Accommodation services given by the Health Workers
 3. Identify each individual's experiences during the vaccination program

● What students feel and think before the vaccination

● Emotional responses of people

4. Compare and contrast the vaccine’s effectiveness to teens and what it would be
to children

● Physical Side effects

● Immunity

Summary of Research Findings

The primary objective of this research is to identify the perception of STEM students
in the Colegio San Juan de Letran Calamba in regards to the effectivity of the COVID-19
vaccines. From this study, the following results were gathered and obtained:

1. Our group conducted an interview that will assist us in determining how

11th-grade STEM students perceive the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines.
We asked relevant and significant questions pertaining to this study in order to
collect responses regarding the vaccines' efficacy, its side effects, the students'
experiences and perceptions of vaccination programs, and their emotional and
physical responses to the vaccine they received.

2. From our conducted interview, we were able to document the students’

responses about their perception about the COVID-19 vaccines and their own
experience from the vaccination programs. We determined that most students
felt nervous and anxious as their negative emotional response before getting
vaccinated. As for the positive response, some felt the sense of encouragement
 to the community and others were just fine beforehand. As for the physical side
effects, our respondents encountered the following after getting vaccinated:
fever, headache, swelling or heaviness of the arms, and weakness. The positive
effects they received is the enhancement of their immunity against the virus. As
stated by the students, they were well accommodated during the vaccination
drive, the management was organized, and the authorities were polite. These are
the positive experiences they have encountered during the vaccination drive
according to our respondents. There was also a negative experience which is
boredom due to the long queue. All of our respondents took the same vaccine
which is Pfizer. Meanwhile, our respondents got vaccinated from different
locations such as in: Laguna, NCR, and overseas. Majority of our respondents
have a positive perception about COVID-19 vaccines and a persuasive opinion
referring to the vaccine.

3. With our prepared questionnaire, we have observed from the responses we have
gathered that most of the respondents have a positive perception about the
effectivity of COVID-19 vaccines regardless of the side effects and negative
emotional responses they have encountered.

Conclusions

The research findings led to the following conclusions.

1. The finding showed that COVID vaccines are important and effective,
according to the perception or opinion of G11 Stem Students of Colegio
de San Juan de Letran, because according to them vaccines will make our
bodies immune to COVID-19 or if you ever get COVID-19, if you have the
vaccine, your condition will not be severe.
 2. From the information we collected in the interview, it was proven that the
vaccine, really is important for us to be immune to coronavirus or to have
mild sickness in coronavirus, and it was effective too, according to the
opinion and experience of our selected respondents.

3. All of the findings lead to one idea or explanation of the effectiveness of

the COVID vaccine, in the opinion or perception of g11 stem students in
Letran Calamba. It was clearly shown in the findings that all of the
selected respondents in G11 stem students agreed the vaccine is effective
for humans.

Recommendations

The following were the recommendations made under the findings and conclusions of
the research study.

1. Department of Health (DOH)

A. The researchers recommend that this government department
should utilize our study to determine the efficacy of each vaccine
and comments of young and intellectual beings as it may benefit
and impact our healthcare system.

2. Medical Professionals

a. the researchers recommend these specific professionals that

they should look up to our datas and look for more opportunities
to give the best effective vaccines to community.
3. Scientists and Researchers
A. It will surely help the future scientists and future researchers to
produce much more high effectiveness vaccines in order for us to
complete the immunity herd.

4. Future Vaccine Takers

A. We recommend this study to the unvaccinated people so that
they can have knowledge and know more about the effects of
vaccines also the effectiveness of brand they want to take.
 References

Benefits of Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine. (2022, February 25). Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention.
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/vaccine-benefits.html

Katella, K. (2022b, March 30). Comparing the COVID-19 Vaccines: How Are They
Different? Yale Medicine.
Link: https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/covid-19-vaccine-comparison

Coronavirus. (2020, January 10). World Health Organization.

Link: https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1

Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines. (2021, March 31). World Health Organization.
Link:https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/side-effects-of-covid-19-vac
cines#:%7E:text=Typical%20side%20effects%20include%20pain,according%20to%20the
%20specific%20vaccine

Biswas, N. (2021, October 16). COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in students and trainees
of healthcare professions: A global assessment and call for action. National Library of
Medicine.
Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8241692/

Omer et al. (2020, September 1). Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the
US. ScienceDirect.
Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258953702030239X

(Cordero, 2021; DOH, 2021). Filipinos’ health information-seeking behaviors and their
implications for COVID-19 vaccination. Wiley Online Library.
Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/phn.13034

Cahapay, B. (2021, April 22). To get or not to get: Examining the intentions of philippine
teachers to vaccinate against COVID-19. Taylor & Francis.
Link: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10911359.2021.1896409

-Reyes, M. (2020, December 24). Vaccination in the philippines: Experiences from history
and lessons for the future. Www.Tandfonline.Com. Retrieved March 2, 2022, from
Link: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21645515.2020.1841541

- Zifen Guo et al. (2022, February 9). Public Attitudes and Influencing Factors towards
COVID-19 Vaccination for Adolescents/Children: A Scoping Review. ScienceDirect. Link:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003335062200050

-Cardenas, N. C. (2021). Harnessing strategic policy on COVID-19 vaccination rollout in

the Philippines. Journal of Public Health.
Link: https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab181

Huang, Z. (2022, February 3). A review of the safety and efficacy of current COVID-19
vaccines.SpringerLink.
Link:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11684-021-0893-y?error=cookies_not_s
upported&code=9781fd2e-5952-49af-b5c7-fdfc5c782fe2

-Xue, FX. & Shen, KL. COVID-19 in children and the importance of COVID-19 vaccination.
World J Pediatr 17, 462–466 (2021).
Link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-021-00466-5

(Raoult et al,.2020) Natural history of COVID-19 and therapeutic options, Expert Review
of Clinical Immunology, 16:12, 1159-1184, DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2021.1847640
Mendoza, R. L. (2015, 17 juli). Health Services Marketing for Routine Child Vaccinations
in the Philippines.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15332969.2015.1046770. Geraadpleegd
op 4 april 2022, van
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15332969.2015.104677

Biswas, N. (2021, June 30). COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in students and trainees of
healthcare professions: A global assessment and call for action.
Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/. Retrieved April 6, 2022, from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8241692/

Halton (2020, May 21). Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed.

Https://Www.Nejm.Org/. Retrieved April 6, 2022, from
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2005630
 APPENDICES

APPENDIX A
Interview and Observation forms
This part shows the questions in the interview that the researchers used, and the
questions that the researchers made or used for the interview are to determine and
know the opinion or perception of the selected respondents if the Covid-19 vaccines are
effective or not.

EMOTIONAL RESPONSE
● How were you feeling before getting the vaccine? Were you nervous,
anxious, or just fine?

THOUGHTS AND OPINIONS

● Do you think safety precautions such as social distancing and
communicative use of face masks and face shields were followed during
the vaccination drive?
● What is your perspective/opinion on the effectiveness of COVID-19
vaccines?
● Did you experience any thoughts of hesitancy before taking these COVID
vaccines? Why?
● Do you believe ages like you that are 17 and below still need a booster
shot after receiving your second dose of vaccine?

EXPERIENCES
● What are the positive or negative experiences you encountered during
the vaccination drive?
 THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 VACCINES
● What are the short and long-term side effects you experienced after
getting vaccinated and how did you feel after getting vaccinated? Do you
feel safe and immuned?

EXPECTATIONS
● What are your expectations for side effects receiving the COVID-19
vaccine?

LOCATION
● Where in a group/organization like Calambakuna, Resbakuna, etc., did
you get your vaccine? How’d you get the information about them?

TYPE OF COVID VACCINE

● What type of COVID vaccine did you get and how did you know they are
effective and safe for ages like you?

AWARENESS
● Do you watch any news about COVID-19 vaccines? Please explain how
and where you got the news about these COVID vaccines.

Respondents
In this part of the study, the researchers will discuss how they gathered there data and
how the STEM senior highschool students were chosen. Using convenience sampling.
The researchers chose the respondents through the use of messenger and email. After
the confirmation of their participation the researchers gave them the consent form and
then schedule the interview with all the participants. There are 4 respondents, all are
from the strand of STEM.
 APPENDIX B
Consent Letter
 APPENDIX C
Segmenting A
Interview 1 Transcript

G1: Hi Guyss
B1: Ano start na ba?
G2: Sige po

1. G1: Number 1, Do you think safety precautions such as social distancing and
communitive use of face masks and face shields were followed during the
vaccination drive?

- G4: Well, I must say that the wearing of face mask and face shield were
followed atleast during the vaccination drive. Pero ung social Distancing,
parang hindi na kasi nag kakagulo minsan dahil sa instructions na hindi
naman masyadong clear kaya ang nagiging result is nagtatanong kami
ussually sa mga staff don kaya hindi na talaga nasusunod ung social
distancing.
- G5: Yes I noticed that it was strictly implemented.
- G6:during my first dose held on November 2021, precautions are strictly
being followed, wherein it is still required to wear faceshields even to
some establishments. but during my second dose on December 2021,
protocols were slightly at ease (niluwagan na), and I didn't see much
people have worn their faceshields anymore. pero ako, nagsuot pa rin.
- G7:Yes, since based on my experience, we had to always wear a face
mask during the vaccination drive, and social distancing was also
required.

2. G1: For Question Number 2, Where in a group/organization like Calambakuna,

Resbakuna, etc., did you get your vaccine? How’d you got the information about
them?

- G4: I got vaccinated in Mandaluyong City. I got the information about it

because of my aunt. Friend kasi ng tita ko yung parang head ng
vaccination drive na yun kaya nasingit ako and ung isa kong pinsan agad.
 - G5: I got mine in SM San Lazaro, Manila, under Resbakuna. I was notified
by the government of scheduled dates I could get vaccinated. The
schedule of vaccination was also posted in Manila’s Government FB page.
- G6: I got my vaccine from LB Resbakuna, since I am from Los Baños. I was
informed about the organization through several commercials as well as
posts from social media.
- G7:I had my vaccine in SEHA vaccination center in Abu Dhabi. It was
under SEHA organization, also known as The Abu Dhabi Health Services
Company. I learned about it through my mother and a family friend who
suggested it and informed us about the positive reviews.

3. G2: Number 3, What are the positive or negative experiences you encountered
during the vaccination drive?

- G4: wala naman akong negative experience, siguro masasabi ko nalang na

nabored ako sa pila pero other than that, wala namang negative
experience ung vaccination drive sakin, And I think having a vaccine is
already a postive experience for me, since maiimmune na ako sa covid
and nakakagaan ng pakiramdam.
- G5:Positively, I’d say the people managing the vaccination drive were very
polite. From the guards, to the doctors and nurses, they were all very
polite and organized. I could even recall when I was due for my 1st dose,
when I got to the part where the doctor had to recheck my medical form
which was filled up prior, though it was very busy, when I asked the
doctor for advice as an aspiring doctor, he was honest and polite in
answering my questions about med-related courses and specializations. I
really appreciate him taking his time with us and giving me great advice
as a doctor himself. I have no negative experiences encountered during
both visits for my vaccine.
- G6: during the vaccination drive, there are a lot of people. one of the
positive experiences I encountered would be the time when the nurse
and doctors (na nagturok sakin) were kind to me, even though (marami
pa silang tuturukan). they are very eager to do their work. then, the
negative experience would be the time when I slightly felt dizzy while
going home, maybe (dahil sa init, puyat, o gutom, lol)
 - G7: I must say that my first and second vaccine dosage schedules went
smoothly, and I did not have to wait long because the personnel at the
vaccination center were really accommodating and organized.
Fortunately, I did not encounter negative experiences.

4. G2: Then for number 4, How were you feeling before getting the vaccine? Were
you nervous, anxious, or just fine?

- G4: Actually, Im slightly nervous before vaccine kasi sa mga naririnig kong
balita, may negative effects daw ung vaccine kaya medyo nakakakaba but
Im also excited on the other han since alam kong maiimmune na ko sa
covid and alam ko na isa yon sa magiging step para tuluyan nang mawala
ang Covid.
- G5: Admittedly I felt very anxious because despite the chances of getting
a negative effect from the vaccine is low in percentage, it was still a
possibility to keep in mind. Especially when we were given waivers that
since the vaccination is publicly free, if I agree to be vaccinated then
whatever bad effects I may have, they are not liable.
- G6:before being vaccinated for the first time, I was quite nervous, since
it's been a long time that I haven't been injected, but I am also quite
excited. (pero mas lamang yung kaba) then in the second dose, I felt
excited already. very different from the way I felt in my first dose.
- G7:I was nervous about the possible side effects. I had severe headaches
and arm pain, but I was assured that everything would be alright because
side effects were discussed with me at the facility.

5. B1: What type of COVID vaccine did you get and how did you know theyre
effective and safe for ages like you?

- G4: I got pfizer because that was the only vaccine availabe that time. I
think naman effective sya since made in USA naman sya, and compare sa
ibang bansa like china, maskatiwatiwala naman if made in USA.
- G5:I got Pfizer, I knew they were effective since most of my family and
friends were vaccinated with Pfizer’s vaccine as well.
 - G6:thankfully, the COVID vaccines that were injected to me is the brand
Pfizer, and it is one of the brands that I trust for now. Experts have said
that Pfizer vaccines are suitable for our age since (hindi raw siya
masyadong malakas ang effect compared to adults).
- G7:Pfizer was my first and second dosage of vaccination, and I felt it was
successful since I did some research before having it, and several articles
indicated that it is one of the most effective vaccines, especially for my
age.

6. B1: What are the short and long-term side effects you experienced after getting
vaccinated and how did you feel after getting vaccinated? Do you feel safe and
immuned?

- G4: After getting the 1st dose of vaccine, medyo sumama pakiramdam ko,
yung parang ang hina ako, and I actually slept for 14 hours that day. but
after that day okay naman na, wala na akong masamang nararamdaman
sa mga sumunod na araw.. and sa 2nd dose ko rin wala na rin akong
masamang naramdaman, i guess na immuned agad ako HAHHAHA.
- G5: Short-term was a physical ache in my arms, it felt hard and heavy yet
painful to touch or raise. Another short-term effect was when I had a
fever, accompanied by a painful headache that lasted for 2-3 days.
Long-term, I hadn’t really noticed any changes, I do feel more confident
to go out publicly since my body is now familiar with the virus.
- G6: I did not feel any long-term side effects after getting vaccinated, but
the short-termed side effect that happened would be the aching of my
arm for 3 days, during the first dose, but it was lessened on the second
dose. after getting vaccinated, I feel quite happy and safe (medyo
nakampante) since I already have an extra protection, but I know that I
still have to follow certain protocols.
- G7:After the vaccination shot, I had some discomfort and headache at the
injection site. And because of those side effects, I knew that the
vaccination is effective and I became immune, which means that the
vaccine worked into my system.
7. G3: Did you experience any thoughts of hesitancy before taking these COVID
vaccines? Why?
- G4: No, actually gusto ko talaga mag pa vaccine, though mejo may takot
kasi nga yung mga nababalitaan ko may negative effects daw.. pero gusto
ko talaga mag pavaccine since alam ko na need talaga sya and actually
gusto ko rin mag pavaccine agad para makagala na kasi nga ayun dba lagi
ung hinahanap sa mga malls.
- G5: Yes I did, especially when the first few vaccines were developed at the
peak of covid cases worldwide, I was skeptical of its efficacy and effects to
humans since in its trial stages only ranked to be 40-60% effective with
side effects that were unpleasant.
- G6:I did not hesistate to be vaccinated since it is required for all of us. in
spite of being free, it also served as an opportunity to have an extra
protection in my immunity, so I was allowed to do so. last year din kasi
diba, parang required na sa halos lahat ng establishments yung
vaccination cards? kaya ayun din yung inalala ko)
- G7:Yes, I was hesitant about taking these COVID vaccination at first since I
was afraid of experiencing the worst side effects.

8. G3: Do you watch any news about COVID-19 vaccines? Please explain how and
where you got the news about these COVID vaccines.
- G4: Yes, syempre si mama at si daddy lagi nanonood ng balita lalo na
nung nag lockdown, kaya lagi rin ako tutok sa balita. And I was relieved
nung nalaman ko na may nagawa nang vaccine. I guess that was already a
year ago or more than a year na rin.
- G5: Yes I have, especially during lock-down. I heard a lot about it from the
news media outlets as well as through social media where facts and
opinions from people are blurred.
- G6: I have watched some news about the vaccines since it is the number
one topic before news patrols. I also got information regarding covid
vaccines through searching in the internet and through social media, such
as instagram and twitter. (may ilang posts akong nakikita dati na related
sa pagkakaiba ng brand ng vaccines, saka ng mga variants ng covid)
- G7:Yes, and I got the news about the vaccine as I read and watched
credible news and articles on news programs and reliable websites. There
were also many false testimony and fake news on social media which I
made sure that I don’t read them
9. G1: What are your expectations for side effects receiving the COVID-19 vaccine?

- G4: I really expect na may positive and negative effect ang vaccine kasi I
believe wala namang drugs na walang side effect eh. Inexpect ko na rin
actually na sasama pakiramdam ko after vaccine, though buti naman
hindi super lala. and ofcourse inasahan ko rin na isa sa maging effect nung
vaccine is maging immuned ako against covid.
- G5: The usual is fever, almost all the past vaccines I’ve had I’d have a fever
shortly after. Which is understandable since the body is trying to combat
and remember the virus.
- G6:as many of the adults have experienced, I expected that my upper arm
might also hurt, and I even thought I will have fever. but thankfully, I only
had short-term effects and it's only my arm that became painful for some
days.
- G7:I was a little worried at first since I assumed I'd get all of the side
effects, but it turned out that my first dosage was only the worst because
of the headache that I felt.

10. G1: Do you believe ages like you that are 17 and below still need a booster shot
after receiving your second dose of vaccine?

- G4: Not really, i guess sa mga may saket na ages 17 and below, sila ung
need magpabooster pero usually sa gantong edad, malakas naman
immunity natin. So for some people siguro, oo, need mag pa booster,
pero for some people like me na wala namang iniindang sakit, i guess
hindi na need ng booster.
- G5: I don’t think so.
- G6:medyo napapaisip nga rin ako rito eh, pero if required and free, then
why not? pwede naman, saka it serves as a stronger protection for us if
ever they will implement boosters for teens now
- G7:I must say that I would only agree if the authorities recommended the
booster shot for that certain age.
11. G2: Last question, What are your perspective/opinion on the effectiveness of
COVID-19 vaccines?

- G4: Well, in my personal experience, I believe nag work naman sya kasi
kahit lumabas ako ng bahay, di naman ako nahahawa nung sakit, like after
ko mavaccine, d ako nakaramdam ng hirap sa paghinga or any covid19
symptomes. So I must say, effective talaga ung vaccine and I encourage
everyone to be vaccinated para lahat tayo is ma immune na sa covid and
bumalik na sa normal ang lahat.
- G5: I think getting the vaccine is important so that if we ever get covid,
our bodies won’t have a severe reaction like from those unvaccinated. - In
terms of effectiveness, I personally haven’t witnessed how effective it is
first hand, but I trust that like all vaccines, it was massly distributed after
being certified by specialists in the field and government, making sure it
benefits our health.
- G6: I would say that it is necessary for us to have vaccines since it will
make our immunities stronger to prevent ourselves from the spreading
virus. I can also say that I appreciate the efforts of some scientists who
made the vaccines for a possible cure or prevention from covid.
- G7:Covid-19 vaccination for me is effective so let us all get our
vaccination and do our part to ensure that the pandemic is finally
eradicated.

G1: Ayan done na po tayo thank you!

 APPENDIX D
Curriculum Vitae Of Researchers
Ela Louis L. Alcabasa
Brgy. Milagrosa Calamba City Laguna
Cell Number: 09064474530
E-mail address: [email protected]

Personal Information

Nickname: Yomi
Birthday: May 18, 2004
BirthPlace: San Pedro Laguna
Age: 18
Natinality: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Civil Status: Single
Father’s Name: Perlito J. Alcabasa
Mother’s Name: Ma. Eliza B. Lajara
Educational Background

Tertiary: LICEO DE MAKILING

Calamba Laguna
2009-2011
Secondary: CANOSSA ACADEMY CALAMBA
Calamba Laguna
2012- 2017
HighSchool: COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN
Calamba Laguna
 2018-2022

Ryza B. Canua
Brgy 5, Calamba City, Laguna.
Cellphone No# : 09196225495
Email Address : [email protected]

Personal Information

Nickname: Ryza / Ry
Birthday: March 3, 2005
BirthPlace: Calamba City, Laguna
Age: 17
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Civil Status: Single
Father’s Name:Rommel A. Canua
Mother’s Name: Sally B. Canua

Educational Background

Tertiary: International Electronics and Technical Institute,Inc

Calamba Laguna
2009-2011
Secondary: Laguna College of Business And Arts
Calamba Laguna
2011 - 2017
HighSchool: COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN
Calamba Laguna
 2017 - 2022

Elvis Joshua L. Lucio

Blk 10 Lot 1 Phase 1 Villa de Calamba
Cell Number: 0953-137-7444
Email:[email protected]
________________________________________________________________________
Personal Information
Nickname: King / Mudel
Birthday: February 4, 2005
BirthPlace: Koronadal, South Cotabato
Age: 17
Natinality: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Civil Status: Single
Father’s Name: Enrique D. Lucio
Mother’s Name: Joy L. Lucio
____________________________________________________________________
Educational background
Tertiary: TECH GROW
Calamba Laguna
2010-2011
Secondary: CALAMBA INSTITUTE
Calamba Laguna
2011- 2016
HighSchool: COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN
Calamba Laguna
2017-2022
Ma. Hanna Jeanelle A. Vitero
Calamba City, Laguna
Cellphone No# : 09264366069
Email Address: [email protected]

Personal Information

Nickname: Junel/Junill
Birthday: November 4, 2004
BirthPlace: Los Banos, Laguna
Age: 17
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Civil Status: Single
Father’s Name: Julius Vitero
Mother’s Name: Ruby Agtarap

Educational Background

Tertiary: Child Garden

Los Banos, Laguna
2009-2011
Secondary: St. Joseph
Dasmarinas, Cavite
2011 - 2017
HighSchool: COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN
Calamba, Laguna
 2018 - 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS

● Title/cover page
● Preliminaries
● Chapter I: Introduction
● Chapter II: Review of Related Literature
● Chapter III: Methodology
● Chapter IV: Results and Discussion
● Chapter V: Research Implications
● References
● Appendices
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We have no words to express our gratitude to everyone who has assisted us in

completing this study. Thank you very much to the following individuals:

Our research adviser Sir. Melo Javier and the other faculty members for their never-
ending support and inspiration to finish this research.

All the administrators and fellow employees from the different departments and
offices of Letran Calamba supported us in one way or another while doing this
research .

The Grade 11 STEM students from other sections in Letran Calamba Laguna.

Ma’am Faye Bicomong for the nonstop love and support given by our adviser. Yie.

The Grade 11 STEM students from Letran Calamba Laguna who served as our
respondents in this study.

Our Friends (especially all our friends and classmates in Grade 11 - St. Francis of Assisi )
for their support, talks and laughter.

and to the Lord Almighty for all the blessings and strength for without you Lord, this
would not be possible.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!