Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 52 views

    Soalan 4-Circle and Elipse

    Uploaded by

    Haooon
    The document elaborates on the definitions, graphing techniques, and examples of questions for two conic sections: circles and ellipses. For circles: 1) The definition is that a circle consists of all points equidistant from a center point. 2) Graphing involves using the standard equation relating the radius and distance from the center. 3) An example finds the radius and center of a given circle equation. For ellipses: 1) The definition is that an ellipse consists of all points whose sum of distances to two focal points is a constant. 2) Graphing uses the standard equation relating the lengths of the major and minor axes and the center.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Soalan 4-Circle and Elipse

    Uploaded by

    Haooon
    52 views6 pages
    The document elaborates on the definitions, graphing techniques, and examples of questions for two conic sections: circles and ellipses. For circles: 1) The definition is that a circle consists of all points equidistant from a center point. 2) Graphing involves using the standard equation relating the radius and distance from the center. 3) An example finds the radius and center of a given circle equation. For ellipses: 1) The definition is that an ellipse consists of all points whose sum of distances to two focal points is a constant. 2) Graphing uses the standard equation relating the lengths of the major and minor axes and the center.

    Original Title

    soalan 4-circle and elipse

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document elaborates on the definitions, graphing techniques, and examples of questions for two conic sections: circles and ellipses. For circles: 1) The definition is that a circle consists of all points equidistant from a center point. 2) Graphing involves using the standard equation relating the radius and distance from the center. 3) An example finds the radius and center of a given circle equation. For ellipses: 1) The definition is that an ellipse consists of all points whose sum of distances to two focal points is a constant. 2) Graphing uses the standard equation relating the lengths of the major and minor axes and the center.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    52 views6 pages

    Soalan 4-Circle and Elipse

    Uploaded by

    Haooon
    The document elaborates on the definitions, graphing techniques, and examples of questions for two conic sections: circles and ellipses. For circles: 1) The definition is that a circle consists of all points equidistant from a center point. 2) Graphing involves using the standard equation relating the radius and distance from the center. 3) An example finds the radius and center of a given circle equation. For ellipses: 1) The definition is that an ellipse consists of all points whose sum of distances to two focal points is a constant. 2) Graphing uses the standard equation relating the lengths of the major and minor axes and the center.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    4. Elaborate on each of the conic section: definition, technique of graphing, etc.

    You need to
    give example of questions in your elaboration.
    a. Circle.
    i. Definition.
    A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are a given
    distance from a given point, the centre; equivalently it is the curve traced
    out by a point that moves in a plane so that its distance from a given point
    is constant. In algebraic terms, a circle is the set (or "locus") of
    points (x, y) at some fixed distance r from some fixed point (h, k). The
    value of r is called the "radius" of the circle, and the point (h, k) is called
    the "center" of the circle.

    ii. Technique of graphing.

    Figure 1: Circle with center C ( h , k ) and radius, r .

    The equation for a circle, where r is the radius:


    If the center is at (0, 0) : x 2+ y 2=r 2
    If the center is at (h, k) : (x−h)2 +( y−k )2=r 2
    If we expand the equation, we get :

    x 2−2 hx+ h2 + y 2−2 ky +k 2=r 2


    2 2 2 2 2
    x + y −2 hx−2 ky +h +k −r =0

    Which is same with the general equation of circle :

    2 2
    x + y + Dx + Ey+ F=0

    Where :

    D=−2h

    E=−2 k

    F=h2 +k 2−r 2

    iii. Example :
    Find the radius and center of the following circle :
    2 2
    x + y −6 x−12 y−55=0.
    Solution :
    2 2
    x + y −6 x−12 y−55=0.
    We move the constant to the right side, group the x’s and y’s
    together,
    2 2
    x + y −6 x−12 y=55
    (x ¿¿ 2−6 x )+( y ¿¿ 2−12 y )=55 ¿ ¿
    Now we need to divide the coefficients (both x and y) of the
    middle terms by 2 and square them to complete the square. We

    add the squared constants to the other side.

    ()
    2 2
    6 12
    (x ¿¿ 2−6 x + )+( y ¿ ¿ 2−12 y+( ) )=55 ¿ ¿
    2 2
    2 2 2 2
    (x ¿ ¿ 2−6 x + ( 3 ) )+( y ¿ ¿ 2−12 y + ( 6 ) )=55+ ( 3 ) + ( 6 ) ¿ ¿
    (x ¿¿ 2−6 x +9)+( y ¿¿ 2−12 y +36)=55+9+36 ¿ ¿
    (x−3)2 +( y −6)2=100
    Now we have the equation in circle form. Compare to the
    2 2 2
    equation ( x−h) +( y−k ) =r .

    (x−3)2 +( y −6)2=100
    2 2 2
    (x−h) +( y−k ) =r .
    So, we have the circle with center (3, 6) and radius 10.
    b. An Ellipse
    i. Definition
    An ellipse is a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such that for all
    points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal points is a
    constant. Let F 1 , F2 be the two fixed points and k is a positive number
    such that k > F 1 F 2 (i.e, k is greater than the distance between the two
    points F 1and F 2). The set of all points P ( x , y ) for which P F 1 + PF 2=k is
    called an ellipse; F 1and F 2 are called the foci of ellipse.

    ii. Technique of graphing.

    Figure 2 : An ellipse

    The general equation for an ellipse where its major, or longer, axis is
    ( x−h)2 ( y−k )2
    horizontal is : 2
    + 2
    =1
    a b
    2 2
    ( y−k ) (x−h)
    If the axis is vertical, it is : : 2
    + 2
    =1
    a b
    The thing you need to know :
     (h , k ) is the center of ellipse.
     The foci is found at a distance of c from the center along the major
    axis, where c= √ a2−b2 .
     The length of major axis = 2a.
     The length of minot axis = 2b.
    iii. Example.
    1. Sketch the graph of the following ellipse.
    ( x +3)2 ( y −5)2
    + =1
    9 3
    Solution.
    Compare the equation given to the standard equation of ellipse..
    2 2
    ( x−h) ( y−k )
    2
    + 2
    =1
    a b
    After comparing, list out the value of h, k, a and b which is:
    h = -3
    k=5
    a=3
    b = √3
    With the information we have, we can see that the center of the
    ellipse ( h , k ) is (-3, 5).
    So the point position is :
    The right most : (0, 5)
    The left most : (-6, 5)
    The top most : ¿)
    The bottom most : ¿
    The sketch is :
    2. Identify the equation 2 x2 +8 y 2=3 2 as ellipse. Find the major
    length, minor length and c.
    Solution
    2 2
    2 x +8 y =32
    2 x2 8 y2
    + =1
    32 32
    2 2
    x y
    + =1
    16 4
    x2 y2
    + =1
    4 2 22
    And we compare to the standard equation of ellipse :
    2 2
    ( x−h) ( y−k )
    2
    + 2
    =1
    a b
    After comparing, we have a = 4 and b = 2.
    Major length = 2a
    Major length = 2(4)
    Major length = 8
    Minor length = 2b
    Minor length = 2(2)
    Minor length = 4
    To find c we use the formula : c= √ a2−b2
    c= √ 4 −2
    2 2

    c= √16−4
    c= √ 12

    You might also like