RIPAH INTERNATION

UNIVERSITY
BS PSYCHOLOGY(1A)
Introduction to Computer

OCTOBER 10, 2021

SUBMITTED TO: MISS ASMA WASEEM
Submitted By: Hamna Imtiaz (32737)
Contents
Introduction to Computer:............................................................................................................................. 2
Characteristics of Computer: ........................................................................................................................ 2
Accuracy: .................................................................................................................................................. 2
Speed:........................................................................................................................................................ 3
Storage: ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Versatility:................................................................................................................................................. 4
Automation: .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Diligence: .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Reliability:................................................................................................................................................. 6
Resource sharing: ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Acceptability: ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Retrieval: ................................................................................................................................................... 8

Figure 1 Introduction to Computer ............................................................................................................... 2

Figure 2 Characteristics of Computer ........................................................................................................... 2
Figure 3 Accuracy ......................................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 4 Speed .............................................................................................................................................. 3
Figure 5 Storage ............................................................................................................................................ 4
Figure 6 Versatility ....................................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 7 Automation ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 8 Diligence......................................................................................................................................... 6
Figure 9 Reliability ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Figure 10 Acceptability................................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 11 Retrieval ....................................................................................................................................... 8
Introduction to Computer:
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data. It can store, retrieve and
process data. A computer is also used to type documents, send an email, play games and browse
the web. It is also used to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and videos.

Figure 1 Introduction to Computer

Characteristics of Computer:
There are various characteristics of computer systems depending on their size, capacity, and
specifications. But the significant aspects of the computer can be classified into the following:

Accuracy:
Figure 2 Characteristics of Computer

It is a term used to describe anything that is near its actual value or recognized standard. A
computer is capable of consistently working with accuracy. The degree of accuracy in computers
is very high; computers can perform calculations at almost 100% accuracy. Errors may occur in a
computer system but only because of wrong human input or inaccurate data.

Some points to mention on computer accuracy are:

• Every calculation performed must be accurate.

• A computer is capable of doing what it is instructed to do.

Accuracy is an important characteristic as it gives us provides us with correct answers to long
equations.

Figure 3 Accuracy

Speed:
Speed is one of the significant characteristics of the computer system. A computer works so fast
that it can process any task and provide the output in seconds. A powerful computer can handle
trillions of instructions per second which is incredible. A computer works with much higher
speed and accuracy as compared to humans while performing long mathematical calculations.

With their incredible speed, computers can reduce the amount of time to perform any digital
task. The rate of a computer is measured in microseconds and nanoseconds. For example, as you
instruct the computer to play the music as soon as you give the instruction, the computer
completes that instruction at full speed.

Figure 4 Speed

Storage:
Computers can store vast amounts of data. Today's computers have increased storage capacity
compared to earlier days. Besides, we also can store data in secondary devices such as external
drives or floppies, etc. The secondary devices can be kept separate from the computer or attached
to other computers.

Due to incredible speed, computers can quickly retrieve data from storage devices. The storage
capacity of the computer is commonly measured in Mega-Byte (MB), gigabyte (GB), Tera-Byte
(TB), and Peta-Byte (PB).

Figure 5 Storage

Versatility:
Versatility is one of the most beautiful features of computers. This means that the computer can
perform completely different kinds of work with the same accuracy and efficiency at the same
time. It means that the computer can work in every field like schools, colleges, hospitals, offices,
railway stations, hotels, etc.

A computer system is multitasking so that you can do two tasks very quickly at the same time. It
is not just a calculating machine anymore. For example, it can be used to create invoices or bills
and for the next moment it can be used for inventory management or any multimedia task, etc.

Figure 6 Versatility
Automation:
Computers can also be used to automate routine tasks with the help of a task scheduler, such as
launching a specific application or software, sending an email, scanning for viruses, and many
other maintenance tasks. Besides, computers can also be programmed to perform many complex
tasks.

The computer can automatically start daily maintenance tasks when it is in an ideal state,
including software updates, security scanning, system diagnostics, etc. For example: Suppose
you have to copy 100 or 200 files of computer in Pen drive. As soon as you give the computer
the instructions to copy all the files, the laptop starts copying all your 100 or 200 files to the Pen
drive.

Figure 7 Automation

Diligence:
Diligence means that the computer can do any work for a long time without getting tired and
getting stops. This is also one of the unique features of the computer. Unlike a human, the
computer doesn't get tired or lacks concentration. Due to this characteristic, it overpowers human
beings in most of the regular tasks.
 It can work for hours without any fault. This means that if millions of calculations are to
be done, a computer will perform every calculation and provides all the results with the same
accuracy. It does work without any discrimination. A computer is free from monetary and
tiredness.

Figure 8 Diligence

Reliability:
Reliability is a massive characteristic of the computer. Today almost all big industries or big E-
commerce companies like Amazon and flipchart and extensive search engine companies like
Google and Bing are dependent on computers. Data is transported from one place to another
through the computer in a short time.

The results obtained by the computer are very reliable. But this is true only when the data given
to the computer or program is correct and reliable. The computers do all their work honestly. The
laptop continues its work without being tired. Today this is the reason why big E-commerce
companies and industries blindly trust computers.

Figure 9 Reliability

Resource sharing:
We are sharing resources from one computer to another computer over a network. Resource
sharing means that the existing resources in a distributed system can be accessed in distributed
systems shares resources like hardware (disks and printers), software (files, windows, and data
objects), and data.

Hardware resources are shared for a reduction in cost and convenience. Data is shared for
consistency, and the exchange of information is a piece of information on a computer that can be
remotely accessed from another computer transparently. Network sharing is made possible by
inter-process communication over the network.

Acceptability:
The computer system accepts any message or information in data (high-level language) and then
converts it into binary form (low-level language). If any user needs to get data from the computer
and the data is in the low-level language, the computer first converts it into the high-level
language and then shows it to the user.

Also, the computer accepts all kinds of ports that are inserted into the CPU. If the drivers are
installed or updated, then the CPU agrees with all sorts of ports. For example, if the user plugs in
the headphones to listen to the songs or whatever the CPU accepts the port (if drivers are
installed), the user will listen to whatever they want.

Figure 10 Acceptability
Retrieval:
Information retrieval, recovery of information, especially in a database stored in a computer.
Two main approaches are matching words in the query against the database index (keyword
searching) and traversing the database using hypertext or hypermedia links

Evolving information-retrieval techniques, exemplified by Internet search engines developments,

combine natural language, hyperlinks, and keyword searching. Other methods that seek higher
levels of retrieval precision are studied by researchers involved with artificial intelligence.

Figure 11 Retrieval