DRS3.2 With Advantx Console: Revision 3

DRS3.
2 with Advantx Console

0459
Operator Manual
2236982–100
Revision 3
Copyrighte 2000,2001,
by General Electric Co.
Operator Manual
WARNING
X–RAY EQUIPMENT IS DANGEROUS TO BOTH PATIENT AND OPERATOR
UNLESS MEASURES OF PROTECTION ARE STRICTLY OBSERVED
Though this equipment is built to the highest standards of electrical and mechanical safety, the useful x–ray
beam becomes a source of danger in the hands of the unauthorized or unqualified operator. Excessive
exposure to x–radiation causes damage to human tissue.
Therefore, adequate precautions must be taken to prevent unauthorized or unqualified persons from
operating this equipment or exposing themselves or others to its radiation.
Before operation, persons qualified and authorized to operate this equipment should be familiar with the
Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, contained in Annals Number
60 of the ICRP, and with applicable national standards.
DRS3.2 with Advantx Console 2236982–100 rev 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SERVICES OFFICES 9
INTRODUCTION 11
1. DEFINITION OF WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES 11
2. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS 12
1– PRESENTATION 15
1–1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 15
1–2 COMPOSITION 15
1–3 USER INTERFACES 17
1–3–1 Touch screen acquisition 17
1–3–2 DRS auxiliary consoles 17
1–3–2–1 Introduction 17
1–3–2–2 Control keyboard 18
1–3–2–3 Description of the controls 19
1–3–3 The infrared remote control keypad 26
2 – OPERATION 27
2–1 START UP 27
2–1–1 Power on / Power off 27
2–1–2 Lighting–on of all displays 27
2–1–3 Space available on disk 27
2–1–4 Create a patient directory in case of a study using the “Spot Film Device” Image receptor 28
3
2–1–5 DRS Image receptor selection 28

2–2 NEW STUDY 29
2–2–1 Definition 29
2–2–2 Enter the New Study screen 29
2–2–3 Typing 30
2–2–4 Exit from “New Patient” screen 30
2–3 DRS PRE–ACQUISITION SCREEN 31
2–4 FLUOROSCOPY 32
2–4–1 Fluoro Noise Reduction (FNR) 32
2–4–2 Edge filter on fluoro images 33
2–4–3 Last Image Hold (LIH) 33
2–4–4 Fluorostore 34
2–5 IMAGE RECORDING 34
2–5–1 Digital fluoroscopy 36
2–5–2 Digitized Radiography 38
2–6 ENHANCING THE IMAGE 39
2–6–1 Window/Level 39
2–6–2 Invert (grey scale) 40
2–6–3 Image flips (left–right, up–down) 41
2–6–4 Digital shutters 43
2–6–5 Manual digital shutters 44
2–6–6 Automatic digital shutters (option) 46
2–6–7 Edge–enhancement filters 48
2–6–8 Zoom (magnifying) 49
4
2–6–9 Cine Loop 49

2–7 IMAGE PROCESSING 50
2–7–1 Measurements (Option) 50
2–7–1–1 Definitions 50
2–7–1–2 Overview on the different measurement methods 51
2–7–1–3 Geometric Parameters definition for an Advantx console 53
2–7–1–4 Angle measurements – Detailed procedure 54
2–7–1–5 Deleting an Angle 56
2–7–1–6 Distance between 2 anatomical points – Measurement detailed procedure 57
2–7–1–7 Deleting a Segment 59
2–7–1–8 Height from plane of interest to tabletop – Measurement detailed procedure 60
2–7–2 Measurement accuracy 61
2–7–2–1 Basic precautions to be taken to ensure precise measurements 61
2–7–2–2 No–Calibration Errors (segment measurements) 62
2–7–3 Annotations 63
2–7–3–1 Introduction 63
2–7–3–2 Quick annotate (Dictionary) (Option) 64
2–7–4 Copy (Option) 69
2–7–5 Image Deletion 69
2–8 OVERVIEW AND FILMING 70
2–8–1 Multiview 70
2–8–2 Filming 72
2–8–2–1 Film image (Option) 72
2–8–2–2 Select 74
2–8–2–3 Film study (Optional, depending on system configuration) 75
5
2–9 REVIEWING A STUDY 77

2–9–1 Patient Directory 77
2–9–2 Study Review 79
2–9–3 Study Deletion 80
2–9–4 Deletion of several studies 81
2–10 REMOVING POWER FROM THE SYSTEM 82
3 – ADVANCED FUNCTIONS 83
3–1 USER MENU 83
3–2 ARCHIVING ON TAPE (OPTION) 92
3–2–1 Study retrieval on magnetic tape 93
3–2–2 Operation of ELIANT 820 Exabyte tape recorder 94
3–3 NETWORKING DICOM 3 (OPTION) 96
3–3–1 Image Send 96
3–3–2 Worklist Management (option) 97
3–3–2–1 Set up 98
3–3–2–2 Operation 99
3–3–2–3 Messages 101
3–3–3 DICOM Print (option) 103
3–3–4 Modality Performed Procedure Step 104
3–3–5 Storage Commitment 104
3–4 PEAK OPACIFICATION (OPTION) 105
3–5 SUBTRACTION (OPTION) 107
3–5–1 Real–time subtraction (option) 107
6
3–5–1–1 Fluoro subtraction (option) 107

3–5–1–2 Real–time Record Subtraction (option) 108
3–5–2 Post–processing Record Subtraction (option) 109
3–5–3 Mask pixel shift (option) 110
3–6 SECOND MONITOR 112
3–6–1 Manual duplication 112
3–6–2 Automatic duplication during fluoroscopy 112
3–6–3 Automatic duplication on second TV monitor 113
3–7 PATTERN IMAGE 114
4– OPERATING INCIDENTS 118

4–1 SYSTEM INCIDENTS 118
4–2 INCIDENTS SPECIFIC TO DRS 120
4–2–1 Incidents during starting up 120
4–2–1–1 Starting up without incident 120
4–2–1–2 Starting up with major incident 122
4–2–1–3 Starting up with minor incident 123
4–2–2 Degraded modes of operation 124
4–2–3 Incidents during acquisition or study review 128
4–2–4 Incidents during network transfer 129
4–3 INSITE[ (REMOTE CONTROL SERVICE DIAGNOSTIC) 129
4–4 PATIENT CONFIDENTIALITY 130
5– PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE 131
7
6– FEATURES 133
6–1 PERFORMANCE DATA 133
6–1–1 Image acquisition 133
6–1–2 Image display 133
6–1–3 Image post–processing 134
6–1–4 Patient file management 135
6–1–5 Image Filming / DICOM Printing 135
6–1–6 Subtraction (option) 136
6–1–7 Network and Archiving (options) 136
6–1–8 Utilities 136
6–2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR ADVANTX DRS 137
6–2–1 Cabinet For Advantx DRS 137
6–2–2 Console For Advantx DRS (1st and 2nd DRS auxiliary console) 138
6–2–3 Wall box (option) 138
INDEX 139
REVISION HISTORY 143
8
SERVICES OFFICES
For service issues, contact the Service office in your country.
AMERICAS ASIA EUROPE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NIPPON (Japan) BELGIE/BELGIQUE (Belgium)

GE Medical Systems Headquarters GEMSA Headquarters GE Medical Systems Benelux NV/SA
3000 North Grandview Blvd. GE Medical Systems Asia Manhattan Center
WAUKESHA, WI 53188 67–4, Takakura, Hachioji Bolwerklaan 21 b9 Avenue du Boulevard
Mail:P.O. Box 414 TOKYO, 192–0033, JAPAN B–1210 BRUSSEL/BRUXELLES
MILWAUKEE, WI 53201 Tel: 81–426–48–2940 (NL) Tel:+32 2 644 09 38
Tel: +1–414–544–3011 Fax: 81–426–48–2905 (F) Tel:+32 2 644 08 42
(LUX) Tel:0800 2973
LATIN AMERICA REST OF ASIA Fax: +32 2 207 73 33
GE Medical Systems GE Pacific Pte. Ltd (GEMS Asia)
Latin America Headquarters South East Asia Pacific Operations (SEAPO) DANMARK (Denmark)
5101 NW 21st Avenue, Suite 350 298 Tiong Bahru Road GE Medical Systems Danmark
FORT LAUDERDALE, FL 33309 #15–01/06 Tiong Bahru Plaza Skovlytoften 4
USA SINGAPORE 0316 DK–2840 HOLTE
Tel: +1–305–497–1200 Tel: +65–291–8528 Tel: +45 45 51 00 55
Fax: +65–291–7006 Fax: +45 42 42 59 89
DEUTSCHLAND (Germany)
GE Medical Systems Deutschland
GmbH & Co. KG
Martin–Behaim–Strasse 10
D–63263 NEU_ISENBURGS
Tel: 49–6102–36–0
Fax: +49 610–36–2588
9
ESPAÑA (Spain) ÖSTERREICH (Austria) SVERIGE (Sweden)
GE Medical Systems España GE GesmbH Medical Systems Austria GE Medical Systems
Avda. de Europa 22 Prinz Eugen Strasse 8/8 Box 6768
Parque Empresarial la Moraleja A–1140 WIEN St. Eriksgatan 117
E–28100 ALCOBENDAS Tel: 0660 8651 (gebührenfrei) S–113 85 STOCKHOLM
Tel: +34 1 663 25 00 Fax: +43 1 505 38 74 Tel: +46 8 457 95 20
Fax: +34 1 663 25 01 Tlx: 136314 Fax: +46 8 457 95 47
Tlx: 12228 CGRSWES
FRANCE (France)
GE Medical Systems POLSKA (Poland)
283 rue de la Minière GE Medical Systems Polska
SCHWEIZ/SUISSE (Switzerland)
GE Medical Systems (Schweiz) AG
BP34 Krzywickiego 34 Sternmattweg 1
F–78533 BUC CEDEX P–02–078 WARSZAWA CH–6010 KRIENS
Tel: +33 (0)1 30 70 40 40 Tel: +48 2 625 59 62 Tel: 155 6958 (gebührenfrei)
Fax: +48 2 615 59 66 Fax: +41 41 421859
HELLAS (Greece)
GE Medical Systems Hellas
41 Nikolaou Plastira Street
PORTUGAL (Portugal)
GE Medical Systems Portuguesa S.A. TÜRKIYE (Turkey)
GR–171 21 NEA SMYRNI GE Medical Systems Turkiye A.S.
Rua Sà da Bandeira, 585
Tel: +30 1 93 24 582 Mevluk Pehliran Sodak
Apartado 4094
Fax: +30 1 93 58 414 Yilmaz Han, No 24 Kat 1
P–4002 PORTO CODEX
Tel: +351 2 2007696/97 Gayretteppe
ITALIA (Italy) ISTANBUL
GE Medical Systems Italia Fax: +351 2 2084494
Tlx: 22804 Tel: +90 212 75 5552
Viale Fulvio Testi 28–B Fax: +90 212 211 2571
20126 MILANO
Tel: +39 02 64 22 01 ROSSIYA (Russia)
Fax: +39 02 64 22 0401 GE Medical Systems UNITED KINGDOM
Kosmodamianskaya nab. 52, Bldg 1, 6th Floor IGE Medical Systems
NEDERLAND (Netherlands) 113054 MOSCOW Coolidge House
GE Medical Systems Nederland B.V. Tel:+7 095 935 72 41 352 Buckingham Avenue
Hambakenwetering 1 Fax:+7 095 935 73 46 and 48 SLOUGH
NL–5231 DD S HERTOGENBOSCH Tel (satellite): +7 502 220 30 39 Berkshire SL1 4ER
Tel: +31 73 6 457 457 Fax (satellite): +7 502 220 32 59 Tel: +44 753 874000
Fax: +31 73 6 441 233 Tlx:613020 GEMED SU Fax: +44 753 696067
10
INTRODUCTION
1. DEFINITION OF WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
AN OPERATING OR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE, PRACTICE, CONDITION,

WARNING ETC., WHICH, IF NOT STRICTLY OBSERVED, COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS
INJURY.
An operating or maintenance procedure practice, condition, etc., which if not

CAUTION strictly observed, could result in damage to, destruction of, or loss of
effectiveness of equipment.
Note: An essential operating, installation, or maintenance procedure, practice, condition, etc.,

which must be brought to the attention of the reader.
11
2. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
This product complies with the regulatory requirements of the following:
- Council Directive 93/42/EEC concerning medical devices when it bears the following CE marking of
conformity. 0459
For a system, the location of the CE marking label is described in the system manual.
European registered place of business:
GE Medical Systems Europe
Quality Assurance Manager
BP 34
F 78533 BUC CEDEX France – Tel: +33 (0)1 30 70 40 40
– For additions to an existing installation, the CE marking label is located on the upper part of the DRS cabinet.
- Green QSD 1990 Standard issued by MDD (Medical Devices Directorate, Department of Health, UK).
- Medical Device Good Manufacturing Practice Manual issued by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration,
Department of Health, USA).
- Underwriters’ Laboratories, Inc. (UL), an independent testing laboratory. (UL 478 and UL 1950)
- Canadian Standards Association (CSA).
- International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC 601–1–1), international standards organization, when
applicable.
- USA/HHS:
United States Federal law restricts this device to use by or on the order of a
CAUTION physician.
- General Electric Medical Systems is ISO 9001 certified.
12
Note: This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. The equipment
may cause radio frequency interference to other medical and non-medical devices and radio
communications. To provide reasonable protection against such interference, this product
complies with emission limits for Group 1 Class A Medical Devices as stated in
EN 60601–1–2.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment
is found to cause interference (which may be determined by switching the equipment on and off), the user
(or qualified service personnel) should attempt to correct the problem using one or more of the following
measures:
- Reorientate or relocate the affected device(s).
- Increase the distance separating the affected device from the equipment.
- Power the equipment from a source different from that of the affected device.
- Consult the point of purchase or the service representative for further suggestions.
The manufacturer is not responsible for any interference caused either by the use of interconnect cables
other than those recommended or by unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment.
Unauthorized changes or modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
To comply with the regulations applicable to an electromagnetic interface for a Group 1 Class A Medical
Device, all interconnect cables to peripheral devices must be shielded and properly grounded. Use of cables
not properly shielded and grounded may result in the equipment causing radio frequency interference in
violation of the European Union Medical Device directive and FCC regulations.
- The original document was written in English.
13
RECYCLING:
Machines or accessories at end–of–life:
The elimination of machines and accessories must be in accordance with national regulations for waste
processing.
All materials and components that could pose a risk to the environment must be removed from the
end–of–life machines and accessories (examples: dry and wet cell batteries, transformer oil, etc...).
Please consult your local GEMS representative before discarding these products.
Packing materials:
The materials used to pack our equipment are recyclable. They must be collected and processed in
accordance with the regulations in force for the country where the machines or accessories are
unpacked.
IMAGE ANNOTATIONS
Note: Since the equipment allows the physician to store information on the patient with the
function IMAGE ANNOTATIONS, the European Directive regarding “the protection of the
people with regard of data management on their private life and to the free circulation of
these data” requests to the computerized file users (radiologists, physicians) not to store
data related to their:
– race,
– philosophical opinions,
– religious opinions,
– political opinions,
– etc.
14
1 – PRESENTATION
1–1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Your DRS Digital Radiology System combines the functions of a Digital image converter, and of an image
processor, which performs all necessary image enhancements before clinical diagnoses are conducted.
It is a powerful, easy–to–use, and reliable device, and open to connectivity.
You can also optionally archive digital studies on 8–mm magnetic tape, transfer studies digitally to
workstations and/or get remote patient data via the Ethernet network, Dicom 3.
1–2 COMPOSITION
This operator manual may mention options which are not present in your system.
The composition of your system depends on the options which have been ordered.
You should refer to your customer order to understand exactly the composition and the performances of your
DRS system.
15
1
Illustration 1 – Maximum configuration
Infrared remote control

keypad
20” TV monitors
Touch screen Laser film

printer control
keypad
Electronic cabinet
Advantx console
2nd DRS auxiliary console

1st DRS auxiliary console
Wall box
16
1–3 USER INTERFACES

1–3–1 Touch screen acquisition
Please, refer to the Operator Manual of your Advantx System.
1–3–2 DRS auxiliary consoles
1–3–2–1 Introduction
For diagnostic only purposes, it is possible to purchase a second DRS auxiliary console and to locate
it farther away from the first auxiliary console.
This second console is not an independent console – a command made on one
CAUTION console will also impact the second console. to avoid contradictory commands,
please make sure that both consoles are never used simultaneously.
17
1
1–3–2–2 Control keyboard

Illustration 2 – DRS auxiliary console – control keyboard

CURRENT STUDY
MULTIVIEW INVERT

DELETE DELETE PATIENT NEW SELECT
SPACE AVAILABLE STUDY IMAGE DIRECTORY PATIENT CONTRAST BRIGHTNESS
MEASUREMENTS ZOOM

COPY HI EDGE CINELOOP
MASK LO EDGE SUBTRACK
FILM STUDY FILM IMAGE

FLUOROSTORE
PRIOR DUPLICATE NEXT

18
1–3–2–3 Description of the controls

Screen Saver
There is no screen saver for the TV monitor at the DRS control console. This will eventually result in the DRS
Patient Entry screen outline being burnt onto the monitor. To reduce the chance of this happening, you may
blank the TV monitor screen by performing the following:
On an Advantx system, select “Conventional Fluoro” and then select “Tube Warm Up”.

On a Prestige system, select “Image Receptor” and then select “Direct (table top)”.
Direct
On a system with an MPG generator, select “Station 1”.

On a system with a Phasix generator, select “Table Top”.
1 [FLUOROSTORE] stores the live fluoro image, or the LIH, to disk. A beep is emitted
when storing is completed (refer to para. 2–5–1 of Chapter 2).
2 The alphanumeric keyboard is mainly used to enter Patient data, or image

annotations. The [SHIFT] and [?] keys allow Dictionary recall, depending on system
selection (refer to para. 2–7–3 of Chapter 2). The [SHIFT] and keys allow quick
Current study
entry of texts from Dictionary.
19
1
Space available
3 Current Study: Displays the number of images (maximum 200) in the current study,
increments at each acquisition, and decrements at each image deletion. The left
display segment also warns of degraded modes.
Space Available: Displays the number of images still available on disk (or tape), and
flashes when the value is less than 26 images.
4 [DELETE STUDY] erases all images of a study from disk, if pressed twice while the
Patient Directory is displayed. A beep is emitted when the action is completed. Each
study can be protected against deletions (refer to para. 2–9–3 of Chapter 2).
5 [DELETE IMAGE] erases an image, if pressed twice while the image is displayed. A
beep is emitted when the action is completed (refer to para. 2–7–5 of Chapter 2).
6 [PATIENT DIRECTORY] displays the list of patients on disk, allows study retrieval,
study transfer to network and/or tape, study protection against deletions, and access
to the configuration menu. The key lights up when the screen is displayed
(refer to para. 2–9–1 of Chapter 2).
7 [NEW PATIENT] displays a menu that allows patient data input, then exits the menu.
The key lights up when the menu is displayed (refer to para. 2–2 of Chapter 2).
8 The [CONTRAST] / [BRIGHTNESS] rotary knobs (on the console) or keys (on the

remote keypad) adjust the Window/level of the image
20
9 Pressing [MULTIVIEW] once displays 15 successive images on a single screen.

Pressing [MULTIVIEW] a second time displays four successive images on a single
screen. Pressing a third time returns to the standard 1–in–1 display mode. The key
lights up when the function is active (refer to para. 2–8–1 of Chapter 2).
10 [INVERT] reverses the contrast (black for white) of the image that is displayed, or of
the next image that will be acquired. The key lights up when the contrast is reversed
with respect to the default value set in the user configuration menu
11 Pressing [ZOOM] once displays a Region Of Interest on the 1–in–1 image. Pressing
[ZOOM] a second time magnifies the ROI by two. Pressing a third time returns to the
standard 1–in–1 display mode. The key lights up when the function is active
12 [SELECT] is used to individually tag images to be transferred to network, or to the film

printer when using Film Study. A Select icon marks out the selected images. The
key lights up when the image is selected. [SELECT] is also used to select or modify
a parameter in the User Configuration Menu or in the Printer Menu
(refer to para. 2–8–2–2 of Chapter 2).
13 Pressing [MEASUREMENTS] (option) once displays angles, that can be moved and
modified, using the Return key and the four Arrows. Pressing [MEASUREMENTS] a
second time displays segments, that can be moved and modified, using the Return
key and the four Arrows. Pressing a third time deletes the measurement displays. The
key lights up when the function is active (refer to para. 2–7–1 of Chapter 2).
21
1
14 The four arrows are used, with the following priorities, to carry out the following
operations:
1/ Move the ROI
if key is On and the image is not magnified.
2/ Move the angles and segments
if key is On and no ROI is displayed.
3/ Apply Pixel Shift of the Mask
if a mask has been selected, is On, is Off, and no ROI is displayed.
This case becomes first priority after Record subtracted acquisition (Pixel Shift).
4/ Roam the Region of Interest (”Zoom” mode)
if is On, the image is magnified, and and are Off.
5/ Select an Image in a collage
if is On, and are Off.
6/ Manually adjust the digital shutters
if , , , and are Off.
22
The arrows are also used to:

– Select commands and parameters in the various menus and screens.
– Select Automatic Mode (option) for the digital shutters.
– Invert the image horizontally (left and right arrow pressed simultaneously) or
vertically (up and down arrow).
– Move in the Dictionary.
15 [COPY] (option) propagates some attributes of the current image (Annotations,

Window/Level, Edge–Enhancement filters, Shutters) to the next image. The key lights
up when the function is active (refer to para. 2–7–4 of Chapter 2).
16 [CINE LOOP] displays in loop all the images of a Record sequence, at their
acquisition rate. The key lights up when the function is active
17 [HI EDGE] and [LO EDGE] adjust the edge–enhancement filters applied to the
image. During fluoroscopy acquisition (option), [HI EDGE] and [LO EDGE] are used
to increase or decrease Fluoro Noise Reduction (FNR) filters. Pressing both keys
simultaneously resets the Edge–Enhancement or the FNR filter to the default value
set in the User Configuration menu (refer to para. 3–1 of Chapter 3).
23
1
18 [MASK] (option) is used to:

– Prepare the system to run Peak–Opacification fluoroscopy,
– Select a mask for post–processing subtractions,
– Select a mask for single–shot real–time Record subtractions,
– Select a mask for real–time fluoroscopy subtractions
19 [SUBTRACTION] (option) allows to subtract images in real–time (fluoroscopy or

Record Mode), or in post–processing (Record Mode).
The keys light up when the functions are active (refer to para. 3–4 of Chapter 3).
20 [PRIOR] and [NEXT] display the previous or next image of the study. These keys also
decrease or increase the display speed of Cine loops, and change pages in the
Patient Directory, in the User Configuration Menu and in the Multiview.
21 Pressing [FILM STUDY] (option) once displays a screen that allows modification of
print parameters. Pressing a second time starts the background filming of all selected
images in the current study. The key flashes during the transfer (up to several minutes
for large studies). This function is not active when using the printer keyboard
24
22 Pressing [FILM IMAGE] (option) once displays a screen that allows modification of
print parameters. Pressing a second time starts filming of the current image. The key
flashes during transfer (a few seconds). This function is not active when using the
printer keyboard (refer to para. 2–8–2–1 of Chapter 2).
23 [DUPLICATE] (option) transfers the current image to the optional second monitor.
The key lights up when the function is active (refer to para. 3–6 of Chapter 3).
25
1
1–3–3 The infrared remote control keypad

Illustration 3 – The infrared remote control keypad
• Multiview (15–1), (4–1) • Windowing

(Contrast/Brightness)
• Contrast Inversion • Delete current image
• Image selection • New patient

For a basic system, this key is used
to protect/unprotect a patient study
• Study delete • Prior Image
• Patient Directory • Next Image
• Hi–Edge and Lo–Edge • Fluorostore

Enhancement filters
26
2 – OPERATION
This chapter describes the Image processor operation. For information on X–ray generation or Room
control, refer to the System Operator Manuals.
2–1 START UP
2–1–1 Power on / Power off
Via the I/O button of the Integrated Console
2–1–2 Lighting–on of all displays
When switching on the DRS, verify that all corresponding displays on the console
CAUTION are active.
2–1–3 Space available on disk

DISK FULL: the digital display flashes.
CAUTION
No image space available for an acquisition.
– The system does not allow new patient files to be created.

– The system does not allow Digital Mode to be used
(spotfilm device cassette available).
– Fluoroscopy remains active.
27
2
2–1–4 Create a patient directory in case of a study using the “Spot Film Device” Image receptor
When starting up, the selected Image Receptor may be the “Spot Film Device”.
However, to enable X–ray exposures (Fluoroscopic or Radiographic), it is necessary to create a patient
directory, even if you do not want to use DRS.
a. Select DRS Image Receptor.
b. Press “New patient” key.
c. Enter a patient name only if you want to also use the DRS for this patient.
d. Press the “New patient” key again.
e. Re–select “Spot Film Device” Image receptor.
2–1–5 DRS Image receptor selection
Select DRS image receptor on Advantx console.
Following messages are then displayed:
AUTOTEST version X.XX XXXXXX
AUTOTEST OK
28
2–2 NEW STUDY

Illustration 4 – New patient screen
PATIENT NAME: 32characters

32 characters
PATIENT ID: 64 characters
DATE OF BIRTH: 11 characters
(DD:MMM:YYYY)
PATIENT SEX: 1 character
M(ale) or F(emale) or U(nknown)
STUDY ID: 16 characters
STUDY DESCRIPTION: 32 characters
RADIOLOGIST NAME: 32 characters
32 characters
REFERRING DEPT: 32 characters
32 characters
NEW PATIENT USER MENU
2–2–1 Definition
For DRS, a study is a set of images stored under the same Patient Name.
2–2–2 Enter the New Study screen
Enter the New Study screen, by pressing , key.

Type in the Patient Name, the Radiologist Name, and Patient Identifier if needed.
29
2
2–2–3 Typing
Press the key of the keyboard to go from one line to another.
Type text using the alphanumeric keyboard.
Special characters:
Characters Ü Ö Ø ß Å Ä Ñ
Press Shift +U Shift +O Shift +esp Shift +S Shift +esp Shift + A Shift + N
+O +A
Already made complete expressions can be obtained from a specific dictionary (refer to 2–7–3, page 63).
2–2–4 Exit from “New Patient” screen

Press “New Patient” again on the screen to validate the typed data.
Once the study is created, DRS is ready for image acquisition, and displays the screen shown
in Illustration 5.
30
2–3 DRS PRE–ACQUISITION SCREEN

Illustration 5 – DRS pre–acquisition screen
The Patient name, Patient Id, and Study Description
PATIENT NAME 32c
32c are those entered in the New Patient screen. Patient’s
STUDY DESCRIPTION (32c)
PATIENT ID (64c)
FRAME=
MG =
nn
00
name is limited to a 19 characters lign, and the “study
MS = 00 description” area stays empty. It will be possible to
update these data utilizing the DRS console keyboard,
when reviewing the study.
The Hospital name is set in the User Configuration
menu (refer to para. 3–1 of Chapter 3).
The Radiologist Name and Referring Department
displayed here are the first line of those entered in the
New Patient screen. Radiologist’s name is limited to a
19 characters lign, and the “prescribing Department”
area stays empty if the study has been created from
the Advantx console. It will be possible to update these
data utilizing the DRS console keyboard, when
reviewing the study.
HOSP NAME (16c) RADIOLOGIST NAME (32c)
HOSP NAME (30c) REF DEPT (32c)
RADIOGRAPHY PARAMETERS
Adjust X–ray parameters (kV, mA, ms), or, if APR is available, select an anatomical program.
31
2
2–4 FLUOROSCOPY
If DRS is in a state where acquisitions are possible, and if Image Hold Fluoro is selected on the Advantx
console, any fluoroscopic image will be digitized and can be stored on DRS.
The DRS Image screen during Digital Fluoro is similar to the Acquisition screen, with the exception that the
Frame number displayed is FRAME=XX.
2–4–1 Fluoro Noise Reduction (FNR)

In order to reduce X–ray quantum noise on fluoro images, Digital Fluoroscopy is filtered by DRS.
Check FNR is declared ON in the User Menu.
The FNR filter is applied to all fluoro images, and is based on a sophisticated averaging of the successive
digital frames. Consequently, random noise, which varies rapidly from one frame to the next one, is greatly
reduced.
Because the fluoro image “remembers” the previous frames, filtered images may sometimes give a
sensation of lag. Because this effect needs to be reduced when objects in the image move quickly, DRS
offers a range of 13 filters, that can be selected in real time while fluoro is activated:
The first fluoro image in a new study will use the default filter, defined in the User Configuration menu.
While Fluoro is activated, press on touch screen or remote keypad, to reduce the FNR strength.
The image display will show the value in the bottom right of the image:
FNR = 0 will de–activate all FNR.
FNR= 13 will reduce to a minimum X–ray quantum noise, but will maximize the sensation of lag.
32
Pressing will increase FNR strength.
Each time Fluoro is released, the last FNR value is memorized, so that subsequent runs will start with this value.
For Advantx systems, FNR can be modified from Advantx Console.
2–4–2 Edge filter on fluoro images

Fluoro images also undergo real–time edge filtering. This filter is defined in the user Configuration menu,
and cannot be adjusted in real time.
2–4–3 Last Image Hold (LIH)

Digital Fluoroscopy has the advantage that the last fluoro frame acquired remains frozen on the video
monitor when Fluoro is released. To differentiate the LIH from live fluoro, the DRS image screen of the LIH
has FRAME= 00
The LIH can be windowed, annotated, shuttered, zoomed, and filmed (Film Image only).
It will be erased and lost if or is pressed, or if a new acquisition is started.
It can also be stored on disk by pressing [FLUOROSTORE].
33
2
2–4–4 Fluorostore
DRS allows disk archiving of any Fluoro image.
Press the key on the DRS console or remote keypad, while Fluoro is active or while the LIH is displayed.
The image will be stored on disk as it is displayed on screen, including if it is subtracted, or Peak–Opacified.
To differentiate Fluorostores from Record images, a Fluoro icon (F) is displayed under the Frame number,
on the top right of the image.
Fluorostores can be selected as masks for subsequent Fluoro subtractions (refer to para. 3–4 of Chapter 3),
and can be study–filmed.
2–5 IMAGE RECORDING

If the DRS is in a state where acquisitions can be made, and if the Digital Record technique is selected, then
Record images will be digitized and stored on DRS.
34
Illustration 6 – DRS acquisition screen

M1
U.IV.
FRAME= 10
XX......... MG = 00
16 03 98 MS = 00
L=127
08:41:56 W = 255
16–MAR–98
SP = 05
HEALTH CENTER DR. YYYY
BUC BM
35
2
The various acquisition modes are as follows:
2–5–1 Digital fluoroscopy
Press the fluoro footswitch:
IMAGE XX appears on the screen.
The II field is displayed : N for Normal

M1, M2 or M3 : magnification function selected (zoom)
(according to the Image Intensifier size)
While the fluoro footswitch is pressed, FNR (Filter Noise Reduction) is displayed at the bottom of the screen
(the FNR is set in the User Menu) (Illustration 7–a). The or key can be used (option) to adjust the
FNR between 0 and 13 (see Illustration 7–b).
Press to record the fluoroscopic image displayed (real–time or LIH). F is displayed at the top of the
screen to indicate that the image is stored (see Illustration 7–c).
36
Illustration 7–a Illustration 7–b Illustration 7–c Illustration 7–d

FNR Display FNR Adjustment F Display Sequence speed scale
N N N N
FRAME = 02
FRAME= XX FRAME= XX FRAME= XX
MG = 00
MG= 00 MG= 00 MG= 00 MS = 00
MS= 00 MS= 00 MS= 00
L=127
L=127 L=127 L=127 W=255
W=255 W=255 W=255
FNR = 4 SP=03 FNR = 13 SP=03 SP=05
37
2
2–5–2 Digitized Radiography
Press the Prep and Exposure buttons to generate X–radiation.

At each exposure, a is displayed on the right of the image monitor (Illustration 7–d).
– For the Advantx Systems, record acquisition rate is selected on the Advantx console. It can be
single–shot, or any rate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 frame/sec.
Never shutdown the system as long as the speed scale is displayed

(see para. 2–10 Removing Power from the System).
The images are automatically transferred to disk during the acquisition at more than 2 i/s.
CAUTION Maximum study capacity is 200 images by patient.
38
2–6 ENHANCING THE IMAGE

2–6–1 Window/Level
If needed, the overall brightness and contrast of the image can be modified, using the Window/Level knobs
(on DRS console) or keys (on remote keypad). Although this feature allows image presentation to be refined,
it cannot replace a correct setting of the radiological parameters, especially kV and mA, that provide the
intrinsic brightness and contrast of the image.
The Level is the digital value that will correspond to a medium gray on the video monitor. The Level value
is displayed on the screen, and varies from 0 to 255. Turning the Brightness knob clockwise, or pressing
[BRIGHTNESS +] on the keypad will increase the brightness by decreasing the Level.
The Window is the range of digital values that will be displayed on screen. The width of the Window is
displayed on screen, and varies from 4 to 999. Turning the Contrast knob clockwise, or pressing
[CONTRAST +] on the keypad will increase the contrast by decreasing the Window width.
The standard Level value is 127 and the standard Window value is 255. When an image is recorded, it is
automatically displayed with these standard values. The User Configuration menu allows another set of
default values to be selected for Window and Level. This set of values is applied as soon as one of the knobs
(or keys) is touched.
In Subtraction Mode, the reference value for the Level is N = 085, and the reference value for the Window
is L = 170.
39
2
2–6–2 Invert (grey scale)

Conventional Fluoro image display is such that bones, barium, or opacified structures are darker than air
or soft tissues. On the contrary, radiographic images are such that bones, barium, or opacified structures
are whiter than air or soft tissue.
Digital image processing allows any image to be presented either way, by inverting the contrast.
When an image is displayed, press to reverse the contrast. Further exposures (Record or Fluoro) will
be reversed, until the is turned Off.
On DRS, Black barium is called Normal, and White barium is called Reverse. The User Configuration menu
allows default presentation selection, for Fluoro (usually Normal) and Record (usually Reverse) separately.
Contrast inversion can be combined with Window/Level adjustment.
The User Configuration menu also allows modification of the reverse curve by which dark areas are turned
to white and conversely. You can thus adjust the gray level (called D) that remains unchanged when
reversing the contrast (called D), and a parameter (called β) setting the contrast in the whites and in the
blacks.
When D is increased, the inverted image is darker than the normal image.
When β is increased, the contrast in the blacks is increased, and the contrast in the whites is reduced.
The standard value for D is 98, the standard value for β is 1.3.
40
2–6–3 Image flips (left–right, up–down)

Usually, the Patient is positioned so that the right part of anatomy is on the left side of the image screen, and
the top part of anatomy, on the top side of the screen. For examination where the Patient is positioned
differently, it may be useful to:
– Mark the sides.
– Reverse the display so that the right part is always be displayed on the left side of the image (and film).
DRS offers this possibility:

There are two specific fields, of two characters each, that may be used to mark the sides:
Illustration 8 – Side–marker fields
– You may enter any indication here (such as R or L, or AP or PA).
41
2
– You can reverse the horizontal display, by pressing or and simultaneously. The right side
will become the left side. An icon is added on top left of the screen, to mark flipped image.
The Side fields (see above) are also exchanged.
– You can reverse the vertical display, by pressing and or simultaneously. An icon is added
on top left of the screen, to mark flipped image. The Side fields (see above) are not modified.
Illustration 9 – Flip icons
Horizontal Horizontal
flip only Vertical and vertical
Side Tags flip only Side Tags
flipped flipped
Once an image is flipped, it is stored, retrieved, and filmed this way, and can be returned to the original state
at any time.
42
2–6–4 Digital shutters

Edges drawn on images by the collimator blades don’t appear completely sharp or straight because of
enlargement and geometric distortion introduced by the image intensifier.
The blades of lead collimators may be masked by a digital process consisting of superimposing a rectangular
black mask on collimated areas of an image. This is especially useful when images are displayed in inverted
contrast, as the collimator blades then draw a blooming peripheral area.
Indication of
Activate De–activate
Digital Shutter
Digital Shutters Digital Shutters
operating mode
DRS auxiliary Press on or until the

press on or lighted–on digital shutters disappear
console
completely and a bip sounds
43
2
2–6–5 Manual digital shutters

Once the digital shutters are activated, they can be manually moved using the arrow keys:
– opens both vertical digital shutters,
– closes both vertical digital shutters,
– opens both horizontal digital shutters,
– closed both horizontal digital shutters.
44
Manual Digital Shutters Procedure
Current Image
Are Digital Shutters NO

activated?
Activate Digital Shutters
YES
Shutter Positioning
Vertical Horizontal
Shutter position will

be stored with this
image only
Choice of other images
45
2
2–6–6 Automatic digital shutters (option)

Positioning the digital shutters:
When this functionality is on, digital shutters will automatically adapt to image full format.
Illustration 10 – Auto shutters and collimator relative positions

The Auto Shutters (depending on system selection)
usually have the size of the collimator blades. If the
Image desired default position is slightly different, the User
Configuration menu (see para. 3–1 of Chapter 3) allows
Collimator
blades
the default position of Digital Shutters to be selected
Digital Shutters between five step inside and five steps outside the blade
Digital Shutters outside Digital Shutters inside position (one step is approximately equivalent to 8/1000
the collimator blades the collimator blades of the screen size).
(the collimator is visible) (the collimator is hidden)
Note: In some cases, Auto Shutters will not be able to correctly find the collimator blades. Some
examples of images where Auto Shutters will not come in are:
– on Advantx systems with TV rotation, if the image is rotated.

– images with circular collimation.
It is possible to manually reduce the area delimited by the shutters using the arrow keys.
46
Automatic Digital Shutters Procedure
Before image acquisition: – After acquisition,

– Review images
Activate the
Current image
Automatic Digital Shutters
Acquire images Are Digital Shutters NO

activated?
Activate Automatic Digital Shutters
YES
The images appear
The image appears
with a black mask
with a black mask
Manual Complementary Reduction allowed

Vertical Horizontal
This reduction will be

stored with this image
Possible to copy this reduction

Copy to other images
Choose another image
47
2
2–6–7 Edge–enhancement filters
Radiographic images, in R&F procedures, require good sharpness. DRS offers digital processing to
enhance spatial resolution: Edge–Enhancement filters.
Edge Enhancement is applied to Record images as soon as the Prep button is released. It consists of a set
of digital filters that enhance detail, edges, and spatial transitions in an image, and minimize impact on noise
and grain.
There is a range of 21 filters, ranked from 0 to 20. The default filter applied to the image as soon as it is
recorded is set in the User Configuration menu. The other filters are accessed using the key to increase
filter strength, or key to decrease filter strength.
The filter strength is displayed on the bottom right of the image screen, as SP= 03.
The filter can be changed at any time. Images are stored, retrieved, and filmed with their own
edge–enhancement value, either default or manually readjusted. The edge–enhancement filter of an image
can also be propagated onto the next images, using the Copy function (see para. 2–7–4 page 69).
Another filter, identified by the letter E (SP=E) is used to equate the contrasts in order to obtain information
from the overexposed or underexposed areas. This filter is selected from the SP=20 filter.
48
2–6–8 Zoom (magnifying)
If needed, the image can be magnified, using the key. Although this feature allows refinement of image
presentation, it cannot replace a correct selection of the Field Of View.
Press once to display a graphic frame, and move it across the screen using the four Arrows to surround
the Region of Interest (ROI) you wish to magnify.
Press a second time to magnify the ROI by 2. It is still possible to roam the displayed image, using the
four Arrows, if no function of higher priority is active.
Press a third time to return to 1–in–1.
The images are displayed zoomed, but stored with their original size.
2–6–9 Cine Loop
DRS offers the functionality of Dynamic Sequence Review: when Record images have been taken in
sequence (acquisition rate: ≥0.5 i/s), press on any of them to display the whole sequence, in loop, at
the rate of exposure.
The Window/Level and Digital Shutters displayed during the loop are that of the image on which the loop
was started. However, each image keeps its own attributes.
Press to slow down the loop, and to speed it up to the exposure rate.
Press again to exit the loop.
49
2
2–7 IMAGE PROCESSING

2–7–1 Measurements (Option)
2–7–1–1 Definitions
The DRS system offers the possibility of measuring angles and segments (distances) on stored fluoroscopic
and/or radiographic images.
On each image, two angles and their values can be displayed:
– two angles and their values,
– two segments with their values,
– the ratio between them,
– and, on the side of the image, a 50–mm/2–inch graduated scale.
Images and their measurements are stored together in memory. When called up, images are displayed
without the angles and segments, which are displayed by pressing the Measurement key .
PARAGRAPH 2–7–2 INDICATES THE RESULTANT ACCURACY OF THE

WARNING MEASUREMENTS. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY TO BE AWARE OF THE
PRECAUTIONS TO TAKE.
50
2–7–1–2 Overview on the different measurement methods
Choose image on which a
measurement will be made
Press “Measurement” key

once
Measure Angle ? NO
YES
Position the first angle (A1)
The value of A1 is
displayed in real–time at the
bottom of the TV monitor.
Position the second angle (A2)
The value of A2 is
displayed in real–time at the
bottom of the TV monitor.
Press “Measurement” key
again
51
2
Distance measurement Height Measurement from the

between two anatomical points object to the tabletop
1st segment measurement
Position an object
Position first segment (L3) of known dimension
in the image.
The value of L3 is displayed Position segment L3

in real–time on the object.
Declare geometric parameter

values L3 value appears on the TV
monitor in real–time Press “Measurement” key
– SID Source to Image Distance a third time
– OTD Organ to Tabletop Distance
Declare actual size of
L3 segment
End of Measurement Mode,
Display of the “Measurement” key turns off
calibrated value (L3) and the
graduated scale Declare SID value
2nd segment measurement

Display of the OTD = height
Position second segment (L4) from object to tabletop
L4 value and L3/L4 ratio

are displayed in real–time.
52
2–7–1–3 Geometric Parameters definition for an Advantx console
Image SID and SOD geometric parameters definition:

receptor
– SID : Source to Image Distance.
Double – SOD : Source to Objet Distance, = distance between X–ray
decimeter tube focal spot and plane of interest.
To obtain precise distance measurements, you must know the
exact SID and SOD.
Plane of
interest
SOD SID
53
2
2–7–1–4 Angle measurements – Detailed procedure

C7
A1= 38
L5
54
– Position Angle (A1):
. Press key to display the first angle (A1).

. A cross automatically appears at the summit of angle (A1). The entire angle can be moved from this
point.
. The value of angle (A1) is displayed in real–time at the bottom of the TV monitor.
. Place the angle summit by moving it with the 4 Arrow Keys (of either the alphanumeric keyboard or
on the touch screen).
. Press [ENTER] to select the uppermost extremity of the angle (A1) and place it with the Arrow Keys.
. Press [ENTER] to select the last extremity and place it with the Arrow Keys.
. Pressing [ENTER] validates angle (A1) placement and then displays angle (A2).
– Position Angle (A2).
. Angle (A2) is positioned in the same manner as described above.
– Press key to measure distance.
To obtain the best possible measurements, it is necessary to place the angle

CAUTION summit and extremities on the known anatomical points of a same plane, which
should be parallel to the tabletop.
55
2
2–7–1–5 Deleting an Angle

a. Choose angle to delete:
Use the Enter key on the alphanumeric keyboard to switch from one angle to another.
A cross appears at the summit of the selected angle.
b. Deletion:
Delete the angle by pressing Shift + Del on the alphanumeric keyboard.
56
2–7–1–6 Distance between 2 anatomical points – Measurement detailed procedure
x 3
x 4
L3= 7mm
L4= 4mm
L4/L3 = 57%
Stenosis evaluation example
57
2
– Positioning Segment (L3):
. Press the Measurement key twice to display the first segment (L3).
. A cross automatically appears at the first segment extremity.
. The length of segment (L3) is displayed in real–time at the bottom of the TV monitor. The message
“UNCAL” appears at the bottom of the TV monitor as long as the geometric parameters have not been
declared.
. Press [ENTER] to mark the segment’s central point This will allow you to shift the entire segment using
the “Arrow Keys” (of either the alphanumeric keyboard or the touch screen).
. Press [SHIFT] and [ENTER] simultaneously to return to the segment’s first extremity and position this
point using the “Arrow Keys”.
. Press [ENTER] twice to select the second segment extremity. Position this point using the “Arrow
Keys”.
. Press [ENTER] to validate segment positioning and to display the message, “Confirm the Calibration
Value”. SID and OTD are shown at the bottom of the TV monitor.
58
– Declaring Geometric Parameter:

. Press [ENTER], to position cursor on SID value.
. Use [Del], to delete current value and enter new value.
. Press [ENTER] to confirm the new SID value and place cursor on OTD value.
. Use [Del], to delete current value and enter new value,
caution, type 0 before any OTD values inferior to 100. Example : 065.
. Press [ENTER] to confirm new OTD value.
. The message, “UNCAL” disappears.
– Positioning Segment (L4):
. Press [ENTER] to display segment (L4).
. Place segment (L4) in the same way as segment (L3) was placed.
. Segment (L4) values and segments (L3/L4) ratio values are displayed in real–time at the bottom of
the TV monitor.
2–7–1–7 Deleting a Segment

a. Choose segment to delete:
Press the key.
A cross appears at the center of the selected segment.

b. Deletion:
Delete the segment by pressing Shift + Del on the alphanumeric keyboard.
59
2
2–7–1–8 Height from plane of interest to tabletop – Measurement detailed procedure

– First Step: Place an object of known dimensions in the image.
– Reference Segment (L3) Positioning on the Object:
. Press the key once or twice until segment (L3) is displayed.
. A cross automatically appears at first segment extremity.
. The length of segment (L3) is displayed in real–time. The message “UNCAL” appears at the bottom
of the TV monitor until the geometric parameter values are defined.
. Press [ENTER] to mark the segment’s center point. This will allow you to shift the entire segment,
using the “Arrow Keys” (on the alphanumeric keyboard or touch screen).
. Press the [SHIFT] and [ENTER] keys simultaneously to return to the segment’s first extremity,
Position this extremity using the arrow keys.
. Press [ENTER] twice to display the second segment extremity. Position this extremity using the arrow
keys.
. Press [ENTER] to validate the segment position and display the message, “Confirm the Calibration
Value”. SID and OTD distances are then displayed at the bottom of the TV monitor.
– Define the actual size of reference segment (L3):
. Press [Del] to delete the current value. Enter the new value.
. Press [ENTER], to place the cursor on the SID value.
– Define Source to Image Distance (SID):
. Press [Del], to delete the current value. Enter the new value.
. Press [ENTER] twice to confirm the value, consequently.
. the OTD value changes: this is the new Organ to Tabletop Distance value.
60
2–7–2 Measurement accuracy

The nature of X–ray images (anatomies are projected onto a plane) requires some simple precautions to
guarantee accurate measurements.
The next two paragraphs summarize respectively the precautions to be taken and the errors which may
occur when the procedures are not applied.
2–7–2–1 Basic precautions to be taken to ensure precise measurements
D The central X–ray beam must be perpendicular to D When performing segment and angle measurement
tabletop: computations, DRS corrects for the image intensifier
“pincushion” distortion. However, it is recommended to
– Advantx TC : No tabletop tilting. minimize the length of the segments used for angle
: No C-arm cranial/caudal/orbital construction. When this is not taken into account, the
angulation.) error on the angle measurement can reach the
following values:
D For calibration using an object, the object size must be
at least 1/10th of the field of view.
FIELD MAX ERROR
D On Prestige/Prestilix, a tomography run is
recommended to define accurately the height of the N 11_
M1 8_
anatomy to be measured with respect to the tabletop
M2 5_
(OTD).
M3 3_
D The use of the digital zoom is strongly recommended
for accurate positioning of segment/angle extremities.
D SID has little influence on angle measurement
accuracy; if SID is not correctly entered (User Menu),
a maximum error of 2° may occur.
61
2
2–7–2–2 No–Calibration Errors (segment measurements)

The errors which may occur when measuring in extreme situations of anatomy sizes and when proper
procedures are not applied are summarized below.
ESTIMATED RELATIVE INACCURACY IN OBJECT LENGTH ON PRESTIGE

WITH NO USER CALIBRATION, IF TOMO IS USED TO ESTIMATE OTD
FOV = 40 cm, as = 40 cm FOV = 16 cm, as = 0.16 cm, w/ Zoom
min. SOD & SID max. SOD & SID min. SOD & SID max. SOD & SID
13% 8% 29% 24%
ESTIMATED RELATIVE INACCURACY ON OBJECT LENGTH ON PRESTIGE

WITH NO USER CALIBRATION, IF TOMO IS NOT USED TO ESTIMATE OTD
FOV = 40 cm, as = 40 cm FOV = 16 cm, as = 0.16 cm, w/ Zoom
min. SOD & SID max. SOD & SID min. SOD & SID max. SOD & SID
17% 9% 33% 26%
62
2–7–3 Annotations
2–7–3–1 Introduction
Text (names, comments, etc.) can be entered using the DRS keyboard.
Illustration 11 – Annotations fields

global text
(same for all images) image–specific text to be copied over
20 characters
15 characters
the next images ( [COPY] key)
12 charact.
32 characters image–specific text

(example:
tomo height H = 120 mm,
time T = 30 mn
cannot be copied)
Select line by pressing RETURN as many times as needed.
Enter text (letters/numbers).

2c 2c
To delete the information, press and hold [SHIFT], and press

[DEL].
Side/position markers (AP, PA, R/L) Cannot be copied
63
2
2–7–3–2 Quick annotate (Dictionary) (Option)
To accelerate input of frequently used text or names, DRS can store a list (Dictionary) of 50 words/sentences
of up to 20 characters together with their identifiers (easy–to–remember abbreviations).
To fill/edit text in Dictionary, or simply to remember an identifier, hold [SHIFT] down, and press [?], in one
of the cases shown in Illustration 13.
To input or modify text or an identifier, select the desired field (arrows) and use the alphanumeric keyboard.
Press to return to the original screen and store the Dictionary.
Examples of use: see Illustration 14.
64
Illustration 12 – Dictionary screen texts and identifiers
ID STORED ANNOTATIONS ID STORED ANNOTATIONS

Easy–to–remember
abbreviation AAA ANGIOGRAPHY Stored texts
(up to three (up to 20
characters) KA KNEE ARTHROGRAPHY characters)
. .
. .
. .
L DR LAMBROSCHINI
W DR WINCHESTER
PRESS RETURN TO LEAVE

Selected field;
can be moved by depressing
one of the four arrows
65
2
Illustration 13 – Displaying the dictionary

”New Patient” menu
PATIENT NAME:
PATIENT ID:
DATE OF BIRTH:
PATIENT SEX:
[SHIFT]–[?]
STUDY ID:
STUDY DESCRIPTION:
RADIOLOGIST NAME:
Image Monitor ID STORED ANNOTATIONS ID STORED ANNOTATIONS
REFERRING DEPT:
AAA ANGIOGRAPHY
KA KNEE ARTHROGRAPHY
. .
. .
NEW PATIENT USER MENU . .
L DR LAMBROSCHINI
W DR WINCHESTER
”Study Retrieval” menu [SHIFT]–[?]
PATIENT NAME: TC MEASURES
PATIENT ID:
DATE OF BIRTH:
PATIENT SEX:
STUDY ID:
STUDY DESCRIPTION: PRESS RETURN TO LEAVE
RADIOLOGIST NAME:
REFERRING DEPT:
10–AVR–95
002 IMAGES [SHIFT]–[?]
DISK STUDY NO D’ACQUISITION NEW ACQUISITION
66
Illustration 14 – Dictionary: examples of use
1) Fast entry of Study Description

cursor
PATIENT NAME: PATIENT NAME:
PATIENT ID: PATIENT ID:

Enter <LB>, then [SHIFT] –
DATE OF BIRTH: DATE OF BIRTH:
PATIENT SEX: OR PATIENT SEX:
STUDY ID: STUDY ID:

[SHIFT]–[?]
STUDY DESCRIPTION: STUDY DESCRIPTION: KNEE ARTHROGRAPHY
RADIOLOGIST NAME: RADIOLOGIST NAME:
REFERRING DEPT: REFERRING DEPT:
NEW PATIENT NEW PATIENT USER MENU

USER MENU
ID STORED ANNOTATIONS ID STORED ANNOTATIONS
AAA ANGIOGRAPHY
PLB PHLEBOGRAPHY
.
.
.
L DR LAMBROSCHINI
W DR WINCHESTER
KA KNEEARTHROGRAPHY [SHIFT] –
PRESS RETURN TO LEAVE
APPUYER SUR RETURN POUR SORTIR
67
2
2) Fast entry of Radiologist Name
cursor
PATIENT NAME: PATIENT NAME:
PATIENT ID: PATIENT ID:
DATE OF BIRTH: Enter <L>, then [SHIFT] – DATE OF BIRTH:
PATIENT SEX: PATIENT SEX:
STUDY ID: STUDY ID:
STUDY DESCRIPTION: STUDY DESCRIPTION:
RADIOLOGIST NAME: RADIOLOGIST NAME: DR WINCHESTER
REFERRING DEPT: REFERRING DEPT:

68
2–7–4 Copy (Option)

To speed up post–examination activities, certain image attributes can be copied on the next images:
When the (On) key is pressed, the current values of window/level, annotations, digital collimation,
coefficient of measurement calibration if the Measurement key is selected, and edge enhancement are
copied on all the subsequent images (but not on images acquired before the current image).
If the key remains activated, the parameters are copied on the next images in real time if window/level
is modified, if annotations are added to the image, if the edge enhancement filter is adjusted, or if the digital
collimation setting is changed.
Any image whose attributes have been modified via the copy function may still be remodified as usual and
its attributes recopied on the next images using the key.
is automatically switched OFF when exiting the study.

2–7–5 Image Deletion
When the SPACE AVAILABLE indicator flashes, some examinations must be deleted from the Patient
Directory. Images can also be deleted to gain space.
Press the key twice, with a one second interval between key presses, while the image is displayed in
1-in-1 Mode or in Multiview. A beep is emitted and the Space Available and Current Study counters are
updated accordingly.
Note: If the interval between key presses is less than 0.5 seconds or greater than 1.5 seconds, the
delete function will not work.
When executed, image/study deletion is permanent, i.e., images cannot be
CAUTION recovered.
69
2
2–8 OVERVIEW AND FILMING

2–8–1 Multiview
The 1–in–1 display mode is well suited for accurate image analysis and diagnosis, but does not allow image
comparison, or a broad overview of the study.
DRS offers two additional display modes: 15–in–1 Multiview, and 4–in–1 Multiview.
Press once to display up to 15 images on the same screen,

centered on the current image (Illustration 15):
The Window/Level and gray scale applied to the group of images
are that of the current image. They can be modified while the
Multiview is displayed.
Each image keeps its own Digital Shutters; they are displayed if the
(Automatic Mode) key is On, but cannot be adjusted in this
mode.
Illustration 15 – 15–in–1 Multiview
Each image can be individually tagged or untagged for Filming or Networking with the (Select) key; an
icon appears or disappears in the upper–right corner of the image.
70
Images can also be deleted in the collage (Press twice while

this image is the current image, i.e., while it is surrounded by a
frame). When deleted, images are replaced by a black square. If
the Multiview is rebuilt, the deleted images will simply not appear.
Changing the Multiview, to display the next or previous 15 images
is possible, using the or key. In this case, the collage is
rebuilt, in a way that always displays the maximum number of
images on the screen. For instance, if the 15–in–1 Multiview had
Images 4 through 18 on display, and is pressed, the screen
will show Images 1 through 15. Illustration 16 – 4–in–1 Multiview
The Frame Number, Select icon, and Fluorostore icon are
displayed.
The current image can be changed, using the Arrows.
Press a second time to display up to four images on the same

screen. (Illustration 16)
Images are handled as in 15–in–1.
Press a third time to return to 1–in–1, on the current image

(Illustration 17).
Illustration 17 – 1–in–1 Multiview
71
2
2–8–2 Filming
Depending on configuration, there are two ways to print DRS images on film:
1. Using the printer control keypad; each image to be printed will be:
a. Displayed.
b. Filtered/annotated (where applicable).
c. Sent to the desired position on film; when the film sheet is fully loaded, an expose function will be
activated.
2. Using DRS Film Study and Film Image controls:

(Film Study and Film Image controls are not available for DICOM printing.)
[Film Study] (optional, according to configuration) transfers all (user) selected images to the printer
in background operation; this may be an important time saver given the system capability to perform other
activities in parallel with the filming task (new exposures or reviews, for example). DRS takes full control
of printer operation (host control) via a 3MR protocol. Para 2–8–2–1, 2–8–2–2, and 2–8–2–3 below
describe the host control feature.
2–8–2–1 Film image (Option)
(Film Image function is not available for DICOM printing.)
This function is used to send individual images or menus to the film printer. Images will be printed as
displayed (what you see is what you get).
Image transfer is similar to a Prep–Expose process.
Press once; the preparation menu will be displayed (Illustration 18) and the following printer parameters
can be changed:
72
Illustration 18 – DRS printer menu for film image

– Film division (1, 2, 4, 6, 9, or 12, depending
on model),
FILM DIVISION : 4 – Image position on film sheet,
IMAGE POSITION – Number of copies (identical film sheets): 1
NUMBER OF COPIES: 1
thru 9,
01
– Printer filter (sharp or smooth),
FILTER SHARP – Print/do not print Patient, Physician, and
Hospital names.
02 or keys select the parameter to be
PRINT NAMES: YES
changed (the value is displayed in reverse video
NBR OF FRAMES SEL’D: 02 when selected).
(SELECT) key toggles parameter values
TRANFER IMAGE, PRINT FILM
and image position.
DO NOT TRANSFER, PRINT FILM ABORT FILMING
or keys select the commands
TRANSFER CURRENT IMAGE QUIT. NO TRANSFER (TRANSFER IMAGE, PRINT FILM/DO NOT
READY
TRANSFER,PRINT FILM/ etc.).
When printer settings are satisfactory, press Film Image again, the menu is exited and the displayed
image is sent to the printer in the selected format.
The key (Print Image) flashes as long as the current task (e.g., TRANSFER CURRENT IMAGE) is not
complete; during this period another image transfer is not allowed.
73
2
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
Printing process starts automatically when the film sheet is full or when exiting the study.
IMAGE POSITION
In FILM IMAGE, the current image is placed by default in the first block left free, and its
number is displayed inverted. If IMAGE POSITION is the active parameter, the user
can choose to move this image to another free block, using the [SELECT] key, so that
on the film, the images will not necessarily be in chronological order.
NUMBER OF FRAMES SELECTED
In FILM IMAGE, it is the total number of images already sent to the laserprinter in this
study.
In FILM IMAGE, TRANSFER CURRENT IMAGE sends the current image to the
laserprinter and sends a Print command if the film sheet is full,
TRANSFER IMAGE, PRINT FILM sends the current image and then sends a Print
command to the laserprinter,
DO NOT TRANSFER, PRINT FILM does not send the current image but sends a Print
TRANSFER
command to the laserprinter,
QUIT, NO TRANSFER does not send any command or image to the laserprinter, exits
this menu,
ABORT FILMING sends an erase command to the laserprinter (erases all images on
the current film sheet).
2–8–2–2 Select
This function ( SELECT key) is used to select/unselect desired images for filming in FILM STUDY Mode.
The User Configuration menu sets either ALL or NO images initially selected for filming.
Press (SELECT) key to tag or untag an image; this can be done in Single or Multiview (4, 15) display
modes. An icon is switched On/Off in the upper right of the image.
74
2–8–2–3 Film study (Optional, depending on system configuration)

(Film Study is not available for DICOM printing.)
Illustration 19 – DRS printer menu for film study
All selected images in a study will be transferred

to the film printer using the FILM STUDY
command. Subtracted images cannot be filmed
FILM DIVISION 12
' ' ' using Film Study, use Film Image.
NUMBER OF COPIES : 1 (Refer to para. 2–8–2–1 above).
' ' '
FILTER : SHARP Press Film Study once; the preparation
' ' ' menu is also similar (Illustration 19).
PRINT NAMES : YES
' ' ' NBR OF FRAMES SEL’D : 18
TRANSFER, PRINT QUIT. NO TRANSFER
READY
75
2
The values for the parameters and commands are as follows:
IMAGE POSITION
The film outline is displayed, and corresponds to the selected film division.
The images will be filmed in chronological order.
NUMBER OF FRAMES SELECTED This value is filled automatically. It is the total number of images selected for filming.
STATUS OR ERROR
The line normally displays READY. It may also display BUSY, if another transfer is in
progress, ERROR, or warnings (FILM LOW or FILM OUT).
PRINT NAMES
FILM DIVISION
Enables/disables printout of Patient, Physician, and Hospital name.
Can be 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, or 12, depending on the type of laserprinter.
FILTER
NUMBER OF COPIES
Sets the filter strength on the laserprinter. Can be SHARP or SMOOTH.
1 thru 9.
TRANSFER, PRINT sends the selected images to the laserprinter and sends a Print
command.
TRANSFER, PRINT
QUIT, NO TRANSFER does not send any command or image to the laserprinter, and
exits this menu. The other commands are inactive in Film Study.
When printer parameter settings are satisfactory, press Film Study again; the selected images will be
sent automatically as displayed, with their individual attributes (window/level, filters, etc.).
The (Film Study) key flashes as long as filming is not complete; other filming commands will not be
accepted until the current one has been completed; other activities are allowed.
The filming process starts automatically.
FILM STUDY can be aborted by pressing and simultaneously.
In the patient list, the icon appears in the Status column. This icon flashes during filming.
76
2–9 REVIEWING A STUDY

2–9–1 Patient Directory
Illustration 20 – Patient directory screen
DRS database stores studies on disk and
PATIENT NAME ID REF DEPT DATE ST optionally on digital tape. A study may contain
several images; each study has a Patient Name
PATIENT ONE 11111111 DEP ONE 1–JAN–98 P and a date of creation. Several studies may have
PATIENT TWO 222222222 DEP TWO 2–FEB–98 the same Patient Name.
PATIENT FOUR 444444444 DEP FOUR 4–APR–98
> PATIENT SIX 666666666 DEP SIX 6–JUN–98 To display the list of studies on disk, press the
PATIENT NINE 999999999 DEP NINE 9–SEP–98 P
key:
The and arrows are used to select a

study in the list.
The command line gives access to either the
optional Tape Directory, or the User
Configuration menu. In both cases, the
command is selected using the and
DISK STUDIES TAPE STUDIES USER MENU arrows, and is executed when is pressed a
PAGE 1/1 second time.
If [DISK STUDIES] is the selected command, the pointed study is retrieved for review when is
depressed.
77
2
The Status [ST] column indicates:

– Protection [P] or non–protection against deletion (no icon or character present) (see para. 2–9–3).
– The last command applied to a study (for example, Study Filming, Archiving, or Networking). One, two,
ÁÁÁÁÁ
or all of these commands can be activated simultaneously for one or several studies.
ÁÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁ
This study is being, or has been study–filmed. This icon flashes during filming.
ÁÁÁÁÁ
T
The study has been tagged for archiving on tape. Obtained by entering <T>. Flashes during archiving
ÁÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁ
The study has been transferred to tape.
ÁÁÁÁÁ
N The study has been tagged for transfer to a customer workstation on Ethernet network (Dicom 3).
Obtained by typing N. Flashes during transfer.
ÁÁÁÁÁ
This study has been sent on Ethernet network.
ÁÁÁÁÁ
P
ÁÁÁÁÁ
No transfer has been requested, but the study is protected against deletion. Obtained by typing P. Image
deletion is still possible inside the study. Press [SPACEBAR] to unprotect.
ÁÁÁÁÁ
This study is unprotected and can be deleted.
When the Status [ST] column of a study is not empty, the study is protected against deletion.
To page through the directory pages (up to four), press the / keys (cursor will move to top of new
page), or / .
78
2–9–2 Study Review

When is pressed while a study is pointed for review, this study starts being retrieved from disk and the
following screen is displayed:
Illustration 21 – Retrieval menu
PATIENT NAME: TC MEASURES

The demographic data can be modified in this screen:
use the alphanumeric DRS keyboard to type in the new
PATIENT ID: data, and use [RETURN] to move from field to field.
DATE OF BIRTH: The default command is NO ACQUISITION. If this
PATIENT SEX: command is active when exiting this screen, the study
will be reviewed, but new exposures will not be allowed
STUDY ID:
for this patient.
STUDY DESCRIPTION:
RADIOLOGIST NAME: Use the and Arrows to change the command,
REFERRING DEPT: if needed, to move to NEW ACQUISITION if you wish
10–AVR–98
to make new exposures for the patient, or to DISK
002 IMAGES STUDIES to return to the Patient Directory.
DISK STUDY NEW ACQUISITION

The command will be executed and the menu is exited
NO ACQUISITION
by pressing again.
79
2
2–9–3 Study Deletion

Studies remain on disk until you decide to delete them.
Press twice, with a one second interval between key presses, while the study is selected (displayed in
reverse) in the Patient Directory, or while the Retrieval menu is displayed.
Note: If the interval between key presses is less than 0.5 seconds or greater than 1.5 seconds, the
delete function will not work.
When command is given, it cannot be canceled, and images are permanently

CAUTION erased from the disk.
To avoid accidental study deletion, protect studies by entering <P>. This protects
CAUTION the study from deletion. To unprotect a selected study, press Spacebar.
80
2–9–4 Deletion of several studies

1. First, protect your exams by using the letter P.
2. In the List of Studies Menu, place the cursor on User Menu.
3. Press Patient Directory . The User Menu appears.
4. Using the horizontal arrow keys , place the cursor in the Exam Deletion area
5. Press the Select key.

The following message appears:
DELETE ALL UNPROCTECTED STUDIES. ARE YOU SURE? (YES/NO)

WARNING: DELETING STUDIES IS IRREVERSIBLE!
Answer YES or NO.
If you answered YES, the following message appears quickly:
DELETE ALL UNPROTECTED STUDIES. PLEASE WAIT ...
followed by the message:
ALL UNPROTECTED STUDIES DELETED

017 Studies 004 Deleted 013 Protected
6. Press Patient Directory to go to the Study Menu.
81
2
2–10 REMOVING POWER FROM THE SYSTEM
Before removing power from the system, press the key to display the patient directory
screen.
82
3 – ADVANCED FUNCTIONS
3–1 USER MENU
Some functionalities depend on parameters which may vary from user to user. DRS allows the value of these
parameters to be changed through a User Configuration menu.
Select the User Menu command in the Patient Directory or New Patient screen, before pressing the or
key.
The 4 pages of the User Menu are displayed in Illustration 22, Illustration 23 and Illustration 24.
(Parameters shown are given as examples).
83
3
Illustration 22 – User configuration menu – page 1/4
USER MENU
LANGUAGE : ENGLISH DATE : DD–MM–YY TIME : HH–MM–SS ON

HOSPITAL NAME:
DEFAULT WINDOW (DIRECT) W : 255 L : 127

(INVERT) W : 255 L : 127 D : 098 BETA : 1.3
– RAD – – FLUORO –
WINDOW REVERSE NORMAL
EDGE ON DEFAULT : 0.4 03
FNR ON DEFAULT : 04
– PRINTER –
IMAGE SELECT NONE TYPE : 3M952

KEYBOARD : INTERNAL(SEE NOTE)
– MEASUREMENT – (*)
UNIT : cm DEFAULT SID : 105 SOD : 0100 (*) OTD Prestilix, Prestige
– SHUTTER – OFFSET : +1 SOD Advantx TC, Legacy
– SUBTRACT –
DEFAULT WINDOW W: 170 L: 085
SUBTRACTED FLUORO: ON
CHANGE PARAMETERS DEFAULT PARAMETERS DISPLAY PATTERN

FORMAT TAPE DELETE ALL STUDIES PING
Answer for Ping :”Alive” or ”No Answer” or reset message PAGE 1/4
Note: This selection will be changed to “external” if you have the DRS Gateway option installed
on your system. Contact an authorized GE representative to change the configuration.
84
Illustration 23 – User configuration menu – pages 2/4 & 3/4 (optional)
USER MENU USER MENU
– NETWORK – TRANSFER TO STATION NUMBER : 1 – NETWORK – TRANSFER TO STATION NUMBER : 1

STATION 1 ADDRESS: address PROTOCOL: FTP
USER: user
PASSWORD: password
DIRECTORY: directory
GATEWAY ADDRESS: address STATION 4 ADDRESS: address PROTOCOL: DICOM
A.E. TITLE: Application Entity Title (see note)
PORT NUMBER: Port Number
GATEWAY ADDRESS: address
STATION 2 ADDRESS: address PROTOCOL:DICOM
A.E. TITLE: Application Entity Title (see note) STATION 5 ADDRESS: address PROTOCOL: FTP
PORT NUMBER: Port Number USER: user
GATEWAY ADDRESS: address PASSWORD: password
DIRECTORY: directory
STATION 2 ADDRESS: address PROTOCOL: DICOM

A.E. TITLE: Application Entity Title (see note) DRS ADDRESS : DRS Internet (decimal) & Ethernet Addrs (hex)
GATEWAY ADDRESS: address SUBNET MASK: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.
STATION NAME: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
A.E. TITLE: Application Entity Title (see note)
CHANGE PARAMETERS DEFAULT PARAMETERS DISPLAY PATTERN CHANGE PARAMETERS DEFAULT PARAMETERS DISPLAY PATTERN
FORMAT TAPE DELETE ALL STUDIES PING FORMAT TAPE DELETE ALL STUDIES PING
Answer for Ping :”Alive” or ”No Answer” PAGE : 2/4 Answer for Ping :”Alive” or ”No Answer” or Reset message PAGE : 3/4
With the NETWORK option:

CAUTION Do not modify the STATION parameters without consulting a GEMS
Field Engineer first. The DRS Gateway must match the configuration of the DRS
3.2.
85
3
Note: If configured in software, the “Application Entity Title” will allow multiple destinations on one
selection, (i.e. “Contact PACS” will send information both to a DICOM printer and to a PACS
storage device).
Illustration 24 – User configuration menu – page 4/4 (optional)
USER MENU
– NETWORK – GET PATIENT LIST FROM STATION 6
STATION 6 ADDRESS: address

A.E. TITLE: Application Entity Title
STATION 7 ADDRESS: address

STATION 8 ADDRESS : address


Answer for Ping :”Alive” or ”No Answer” or Reset message PAGE : 4/4
86
In each of the four pages of this menu, the parameter block and the Command block (at bottom of screen)
are handled as follows:
– Press the and keys to switch from one page of the menu to another.
– Press or to select one command (the command is in reverse video when selected).
– Press [SELECT] to execute the selected command.
– If CHANGE PARAMETERS is the selected command, press or to select one parameter

(the value is in reverse video when selected).
– Press to confirm the parameter to be changed (the value in reverse flashes).
– Press or to change the parameter value (for the parameters in italics), or type the new data (for
the parameters in bold).
– Press to confirm the new value.
– Press or to exit the menu.
The following message “Reset DRS to update the network modifications” is displayed in the left
command of the User Menu screen.
To reset DRS, turn the entire system OFF/ON.
The selected parameters are updated when exiting the menu.
87
3
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
The values for the parameters are:
Page 1/4 :
LANGUAGE
English, French, German, Spanish, or Italian. All menus, screens, and
messages will be displayed in the selected language.
Any character chain (two lines). Displayed on the bottom left of the image
HOSPITAL NAME
screen.
DATE AND TIME Displayed on the bottom left of the image screen if set to On.
Parameters of the Contrast Invert curve. D = 1 thru 255 (step = 1), Beta = 0.1
INVERT WINDOW – D & BETA
thru 10.0 (step = 0.1).
Default is D = 98, Beta = 1.3.
Window / Level applied the first time the knobs are touched. W = 4 thru 999
DEFAULT WINDOW (DIRECT & INVERT)
(step = 1), L = 1 thru 255 (step = 1). Default is L = 127, W = 255.
RAD and FLUORO WINDOW
Default Contrast Invert applied at acquisition. Reverse for white barium, Normal
for black barium.
FNR On or Off. Default is On. Off should be used for Service images only.
FNR applied the first time fluoro is run in a new study. 0 (for no FNR) thru 13
DEFAULT FNR
(max FNR) (step = 1). Default is 8.
EDGE
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ On or Off. Default is On. Off should be used for Service images only.
RAD and FLUORO EDGE FILTERS
0 thru 20 for each. In Record, the value sets the default post–edge filter. In
Fluoro, the value sets the acquisition edge filter. Default values are 6 for Record
and 4 for fluoro. – E is the equalization filter.
Image initial selection for Study Filming and Networking. All or None. Default is
IMAGE SELECT
None.
PRINTER TYPE
P831, M952, or HQ969, depending on printer used. Default is M952.
Printer control. Internal for DRS emulation of the printer keyboard, or External
PRINTER KEYBOARD for keyboard supplied with the printer. Default is Internal. Internal is necessary
for the Study Filming function.
88
MEASUREMENT UNIT
Unit in which lengths will be displayed. INCHES or CM (centimeters).
Default = cm.
PRESTIGE/PRESTILIX | Other | TC
SID by default 105 cm | | 105 cm
SID min
SID max
100 cm
160 cm
SOD by default N/A
|
|
| to be filled
|
|
|
80 cm
160 cm
900 cm
DEFAULT SOD, SID
SOD min N/A | at installation | 200 cm
SOD max N/A | | 1600 cm
OTD by default 100 mm | | N/A
OTD min 0 | | N/A
OTD max 800 mm | | N/A
–1 thru +5: number of steps between the detected position of collimator blades
and the digital shutters displayed. 1 step = 8 pixels. –1 means digital shutters
SHUTTER OFFSET
are 1 step inside the blades, +1 means 1 step outside. Default = +1.
SUBTRACT
DEFAULT WINDOW
SUBTRACTED FLUORO
W= 4 to 999 (step 1) ; L=1 to 255 (step 1). Default is L=170, N=085.
ON/OFF. Default value is ON.
Other pages:
For optional networking, eight stations may be defined (1 thru 8). The
STATION NUMBER
characteristics of the eight possible stations are given in the next parameters.
NETWORK PROTOCOL DICOM or FTP. Default is DICOM.
Internet address(es) of the image receiving device(s) or patient data
ADDRESS
provider(s), in decimal. Format: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (15 characters).
User name under which data will be stored on the receiving device. Used only if
USER
the network protocol is ftp. 32 characters. The receiving user name is in
lowercase characters.
89
3
PASSWORD
Password of the user name under which to transfer data on the receiving
device. Used only if the network protocol is ftp.
Directory under which to transfer data on the receiving device. Used only if the
DIRECTORY
network protocol is ftp. 32 characters.
PORT NUMBER
4006 by default.
The IP address of the router.
GATEWAY ADDRESS If this field is modified, the DRS must be rebooted to have this parameter taken
into account *.
Application Entity Title of the Workstation for Dicom protocol. This field is user
A.E. TITLE
configurable (16 characters.)
DRS A.E. TITLE
For Dicom protocol. The Application Entity Title of the DRS. This field is user
configurable (16 characters.)
DRS Internet address, in decimal. Format: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
DRS ADDRESS
DRS Ethernet address, in hexadecimal (xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:), not modifiable.
The format of this field is xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.
If this field is modified the DRS must be rebooted to have this parameter taken
into account *.
SUBNET MASK
Example: for a class C network: 255.255.255.0. (the three first fields of the
subnet mask are for the network address and the last field indicates the number
of the DRS in the network.)
DRS STATION NAME This is the name by which the DRS is known on the network
90
All parameters are stored in non–volatile RAM, so that they are kept when DRS is switched off.The
commands in this menu are:
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
The commands in this menu are:
CHANGE PARAMETERS This is not a command; it is the only state in which the parameters can be changed.
Resets the parameters to the default values (see table above).
DEFAULT PARAMETERS
A message (ARE YOU SURE (Y/N)) is displayed.
DISPLAY PATTERN
Displays the global pattern on all video monitors. Press [SELECT] to exit the pattern. While
displayed, the pattern can be filmed using the FILM IMAGE key as with any other image.
FORMAT TAPE
Formats the current tape (if Archiving option is operational). this erases all studies
previously stored on the tape. For safety, this command will first ask for confirmation: a
message (FORMAT TAPE, ARE YOU SURE (Y/N)?) is displayed.
Allows to delete from disk all studies that are not protected. For safety, this command will first
ask for confirmation: a menu is displayed, with the message (DELETE ALL
DELETE ALL STUDIES
UNPROTECTED STUDIES, ARE YOU SURE (YES/NO)?). The number of studies deleted
and still to be deleted is then displayed. Press one of the four ARROWS to exit this menu.
PING
To check whether the selected target workstation is alive, perform a ping test.
Confirm only after the network parameters have been correctly entered.
The result of the Ping can be ”Alive” or ”No Answer”.
The following message : ”Reset DRS to update the network modifications” is displayed
Answer of Ping or reset message
when one the following parameters: ADDRESS or GATEWAY ADDRESS or SUBNET
MASK is modified
Note : To reset DRS systems, turn the entire system OFF/ON.
91
3
3–2 ARCHIVING ON TAPE (OPTION)

The magnetic tape is a long–term digital archiving media with a high capacity, well suited to Image Archiving.
If the Archiving option is operational on your system and a DRS tape is in place, the following functions are
available:
Illustration 25 – DRS Tape directory
PATIENT NAME ID REF DEPT DATE – Store studies on the tape: in Patient
Directory, enter <T> for each study to
PATIENT ONE 11111111 DEP ONE 1–JAN–98 be archived (see page 78).
PATIENT TWO 222222222 DEP TWO 2–FEB–98
– Format the tape (see page 91).
> PATIENT SIX 666666666 DEP SIX 6–JUN–98
PATIENT NINE 999999999 DEP NINE 9–SEP–98
PAGE 1/1
92
3–2–1 Study retrieval on magnetic tape
While the Patient Directory is displayed, select Tape Studies in the command line and press . The
directory of the studies stored on tape is displayed (see Illustration 25), and the Space Available counter on
the DRS console gives the available space on the tape:
– Select the desired study using the and Arrows, and and to change page.
– Enter <R> on the DRS keyboard to start retrieving the study from tape. You may do this for several studies
in parallel.
– To go back to the disk directory, press while the selected command is Disk Studies. During study
retrieval from tape, they appear in the Disk Directory, with the tape icon flashing, and the Space Available
display on the DRS console decrementing with each new retrieved image.
– If the disk is filled up during a retrieval, the study being retrieved is erased from the disk (NO PARTIAL
RETRIEVAL), and a warning message is displayed.
– As with archiving, retrieval is a background task that does not prevent you from reviewing or acquiring
other images.
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3
3–2–2 Operation of ELIANT 820 Exabyte tape recorder
D Environmental requirements:
– 5 oC to 40 oC
– 40 % humidity LEDs
D Magnetic tape:
– 15 m 600 MB
D Write protect (including formatting) D Introduction
Latch
Protection latch CASSETTE

D Recording: EXATAPE 8–mm Data Cartridge
Protection removed
D Cleaning: 8–mm Cleaning Cartridge
Recommended for ELIANT 820 Exabyte tape recorder
94
LED COLOR SIGNAL MEANING
The tape drive either has an error or needs to

Top Amber Flashing
be cleaned.
Middle Green Flashing SCSI bus activity is occurring.
On Tape is loaded.
Bottom Green
Either tape motion is occurring or tape drive
Flashing
needs cleaning.
95
3
3–3 NETWORKING DICOM 3 (OPTION)

With the appropriate option installed and configured, DRS supports five Dicom 3 Service Classes on an
Ethernet based network:
– Image Send – DICOM Print – Modality Perform Procedure Step
– Worklist Management – Storage Commitment
3–3–1 Image Send
Networking allows sending selected studies/images in Dicom 3 format on powerful review workstations,
such as Advantage Windows.
There are several possible network configurations, from point–to–point to local network. Check the
configuration of your system with your System Administrator. In the case of a local network, the DRS must
be declared on the network, and an IP address must be given to your DRS by the System Administrator, who
will also communicate the IP address of the receiving workstations to which you wish to be connected (up
to five), and the Userid, Password, and Directory under which the Studies will be stored.
To communicate with the Review Workstation(s), you must first enter all of the information in the User
Configuration menu (see para. 3–1 of this chapter). Your DRS is then ready to transfer studies to the
workstation(s).
Make sure that only the images you wish to review on the workstation are tagged with the Select icon.
This will save time (the transfer can take tens of minutes, depending on network traffic) and space on the
Review Workstation.
The network transfer is a background task and allows other parallel activities such as new exposures or review.
Exams are selected from the patient directory and transmission is started by pressing <N> (network) on the
DRS keyboard. Transfer of several studies can be started in parallel.
The Network icon starts to flash in the status column; flashing stops at the end of transmission.
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3–3–2 Worklist Management (option)

Also referred as “HIS–RIS”, this option allows patient data transfer from a hospital data base to DRS. This
avoids the need for new patient data to be entered manually at DRS console, saving time and reducing
errors.
Operation requires the hospital “HIS–RIS” system to comply with Dicom 3 standard.
Data transfer can be requested while other DRS tasks are in progress (e.g. tape archiving, filming). The only
exception is that worklist data and image data cannot be transferred at the same time.
DRS records each set of patient received from the hospital data base. Patient information already existing
in DRS data base is ignored. If exceptionally, the study ID is not supplied in the worklist, DRS will create one,
for safety.
Up to three hospital workstations (worklist providers) may be specified as patient data sources; only one of
them is selected at one time (DRS User Menu, Illustration 24).
Unscheduled or trauma patients that do not match the worklist will either be forwarded or stopped at the DRS
Gateway.This action depends upon the software configuration selected at time of installation.
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3–3–2–1 Set up
Please refer to Illustration 23 and Illustration 24.
On page 3/4 of the User Menu (Illustration 23) an entry is available for the DRS Station Name; this is the
name under which the DRS is known on the network.
Use page 4/4 of the User Menu (Illustration 24) to specify and select the hospital workstation(s) which are
to provide patient data.
Up to three workstations, numbered 6, 7 and 8, may be specified.
For each station to be used, obtain the necessary information from your hospital network administrator and
enter the parameters on the screen:
ADDRESS
Internet address
(15 characters, decimal; format: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)
A.E. TITLE Application Entity Title (up to 16 characters)
PORT NUMBER 4006 by default.
Router IP address, if required
GATEWAY ADDRESS
(15 characters, decimal; format: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)
The number of the station currently selected, from which data will be transferred, is shown at the top of the
page (GET WORKLIST FROM STATION).
This number can be changed at anytime. By default, station 6 is selected.
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3–3–2–2 Operation
To use the patient data transfer facility, first display the Patient Directory in the usual way by pressing the
key.
Illustration 26 – Patient directory screen
PATIENT NAME ID REF DEPT DATE ST
PATIENT ONE 11111111 DEP ONE 1–JAN–98 P

PATIENT TWO 222222222 DEP TWO 2–FEB–98
> PATIENT SIX 666666666 DEP SIX 6–JUN–98
PATIENT NINE 999999999 DEP NINE 9–SEP–98 P
DISK STUDIES REMOTE WORKLIST USER MENU

TAPE STUDIES PAGE 1/1
Messages appear here
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When the option is installed, an additional command, REMOTE WORKLIST, appears in the center of the
command line at the bottom of the screen. The command TAPE STUDIES is moved to the bottom left of the
screen.
To transfer data, select REMOTE WORKLIST (using the and arrows), and press .
Note: The worklist may be configured in software to query on the Application Entry Title, and/or
the Date and/or the Modality. This selection takes place at the initial installation. Please
contact a service professional to have this configuration changed.
The DRS then sends a transfer request to the selected hospital workstation, and the command changes to
ABORT WORKLIST until the transfer operation is complete. Note that the transfer may take several minutes,
depending on network loading and the number of exams in the hospital data base.
Select ABORT WORKLIST to stop the data transfer.
The patient information returned by the workstation is automatically added to the Patient Directory, and can
then be accessed in the usual way.
If the transfer has been interrupted by selecting ABORT WORKLIST, new patient data received before the
transfer was stopped remains in the DRS data base.
Messages are displayed at the bottom of the screen to indicate data transfer progress, warnings, etc...
These are described below.
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3–3–2–3 Messages
Messages to indicate data transfer progress are displayed at the bottom of the Patient Directory screen.
INFORMATION MESSAGES
These messages indicate normal progress of data transfer:
WORKLIST REQUEST IN PROGRESS
Message indicating that the REMOTE WORKLIST command has been selected.
yy WORKLIST ITEMS RECEIVED, – xx CREATED
Message indicating successful completion of data transfer; yy is the total number of patient records
received, xx is the number of new records created by the DRS.
IMAGE TRANSFER RUNNING, PLEASE RETRY LATER
The requested patient data transfer is not possible because an image transfer is in progress.
WORKLIST IN PROGRESS, PLEASE RETRY LATER
The requested image transfer is not possible because a patient data transfer is in progress.
ABORTING WORKLIST REQUEST
This message is displayed after the ABORT WORKLIST command has been selected.
WORKLIST REQUEST ABORTED
This message is displayed after the ABORT WORKLIST process has been completed.
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WARNING AND ERROR MESSAGES

These messages indicate problems with data transfer:
REMOTE SERVER NOT READY
The selected hospital workstation is not responding, and may have been powered off.
WORKLIST APPLICATION NOT PROPERLY CONFIGURED
a. The WORKLIST function is not correctly configured in page 4/4 of the User Menu.
b. The hospital workstation DICOM settings are not correct for the transfer request. Call service.
REMOTE SERVER APPLICATION NOT RESPONDING
The hospital workstation DICOM process is not responding; either the application has not been started,
or it is not correctly configured (wrong A. E. Title or port number).
DRS DATABASE IS FULL
The DRS cannot add new patient data because of a no space left error or other reason related to the
database. Clean the database or call service.
INVALID DATA RECEIVED FROM WORKLIST SERVER
The DRS has received a Worklist data structure in which one or more fields do not comply with the DICOM
specification. The software error code is displayed on the screen.
INSUFFICIENT DATA RECEIVED FROM WL. SERVER
The DRS has received a Worklist data structure in which on or more mandatory fields are missing in one
or more Worklist items. The software error code is displayed on the screen.
WORKLIST INTERNAL ERROR
An internal worklist error has occurred. Call service.
NETWORK COMMUNICATION ERROR
A network error has occurred. Check User Menu worklist parameters and network settings and try again.
If the error continues, call service.
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3–3–3 DICOM Print (option)

Networking allows sending selected studies/images in Dicom 3 format on powerful review workstations,
such as Advantage Windows.
There are several possible network configurations, from point–to–point to local network. Check the
configuration of your system with your System Administrator. In the case of a local network, the DRS must
be declared on the network, and an IP address must be given to your DRS by the System Administrator, who
will also communicate the IP address of the receiving workstations to which you wish to be connected (up
to five), and the Userid, Password, and Directory under which the Studies will be stored.
To communicate with the Review Workstation(s), you must first enter all of the information in the User
Configuration menu (see para. 3–1 of this chapter). Your DRS is then ready to transfer studies to the
workstation(s).
Make sure that only the images you wish to print on the workstation are tagged with the Select icon.
This will save time (the transfer can take tens of minutes, depending on network traffic).
The network transfer is a background task and allows other parallel activities such as new exposures or review.
Network operations are background tasks on the DRS which are interruptable by
CAUTION x–ray acquisitions. Therefore, large multi–format film operations to the network
can be temporarily interrupted. This could have the effect of causing images to be
spread out onto multiple sheets of film. For example: twelve images on a 12 on 1
format could end up on two or three sheets of film if interrupted by an x–ray
acquisition.
Exams are selected from the patient directory and transmission is started by pressing <N> (network) on the
DRS keyboard. Transfer of several studies can be started in parallel.
The Network icon starts to flash in the status column; flashing stops at the end of transmission.
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The DRS Gateway adds the DICOM Print functionality to the DRS. Specific network stations must be
configured in the user menu to allow the DRS to print to a DICOM printer. The stations configured in
the user menu must match the configuration on the DRS Gateway. Please consult with a service
professional before changing the user menu settings.
The DICOM Print feature will print RF /SC /SCR images to a DICOM printer on your network. For best image
quality, GEMS recommends SC or SCR image format for DICOM printing. Specific image configurations
(4 on 1, 6 on 1, 12 on 1) and multiple destinations may be configured for a specific network station on the
DRS.
DICOM printing is a batch filming process done over the hospital Ethernet network. The DRS console “FILM
STUDY” and “FILM IMAGE” buttons are not used.
3–3–4 Modality Performed Procedure Step
The MPPS feature on the DRS Gateway will allow the DRS to notify a worklist provider that a patient
procedure has been completed.
3–3–5 Storage Commitment
The storage commitment implementation is only active on the DRS Gateway. The DRS Gateway will receive
the patient images from the DRS and will store the data until it receives a storage commit message from the
storage device. If the DRS Gateway receives the storage commit from the storage device, it will schedule
the information to be deleted. This feature is configurable (on/off) and can only be used if the storage device
supports Storage Commitment.
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3–4 PEAK OPACIFICATION (OPTION)

Peak Opacification is a useful way of displaying (the Peak–Opacified Frame, or POF) a whole vessel tree
on one frame, despite dilution of the contrast media.
On DRS (Interventional package) it is quick and simple to use:
Press the key, then start Fluoro acquisition (you may also press DURING the fluoroscopy); the
Fluoro acquisition is Peak–Opacified. The icon appears on the monitor image and stays displayed for
the remainder of the fluoro sequence.
When Fluoro is released, the Peak–Opacification Mode is automatically exited, the last image (the POF) is
stored and taken as the Fluoro Mask; Subtraction is activated so that the next Fluoro run will be subtracted
using the POF as mask.
If you wish, you can deactivate Subtraction and/or reactivate Peak–Opacification.
You may also run Peak–Opacified Subtracted fluoro.
FNR adjustment is not active during Peak Opacification.
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Example of Peak Opacification applied to a vascular examination:

Catheter insertion is first carried out in normal Fluoroscopy mode. In the final stages of catheter positioning,
proceed as follows:
– Press (The icon appears on the monitor image).

– Activate fluoroscopy, and continue to position the catheter.
– Inject the contrast media.
– When Peak Opacification of the artery or vein tree is observed, stop fluoroscopy. The image is then
automatically stored and remains displayed on the monitor (F appears on screen).
– Automatic switching is performed on the key, which lights up. (The icon disappears from the
monitor image and the icon appears.) Continue catheter positioning using the artery or vein tree
stored in memory as a guide.
CAUTION Local patient immobilization is essential during this procedure.
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3–5 SUBTRACTION (OPTION)

Subtraction is a very useful image processing procedure, used to eliminate fixed structures from the image,
keeping only the structures that change (e.g. vessels during injection of contrast media).
Subtraction requires mask definition (usually an image without contrast injection). On DRS, Subtraction
depends on system configuration. It allows both real–time (live) and Post–Processing Subtraction to be
performed.
Real–time includes Fluoro and Radiography subtraction.
3–5–1 Real–time subtraction (option)
3–5–1–1 Fluoro subtraction (option)
In Fluoro subtraction, any fluoroscopic image can be selected as a mask: just press [MASK] when the image
is displayed: the mask number is displayed on the image screen as MS=xx.
Then press and restart Fluoro: the image is displayed subtracted in real time.
It is possible to run Subtracted Fluoro with Peak Opacification ( and active). In this case the
and icons are displayed on the monitor image.
When running Peak–Opacified fluoro (subtracted or not), the POF (Peak–Opacified Frame) (see para. 3–4).
is automatically selected as the Fluoro mask. If Subtraction was Off, it is automatically activated, so that
reactivating Fluoro will in fact start subtracted fluoroscopy.
During Fluoro subtraction, it is still possible to adjust the FNR by pressing and .
It is also possible to store fluoroscopic images on–the–fly during Subtraction. In this case, the stored images
are subtracted and cannot be reviewed unsubtracted. Be careful not to select a subtracted image as mask
for the next subtracted Fluoroscopy.
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3–5–1–2 Real–time Record Subtraction (option)
In Record subtraction, there are two possibilities:
– If the acquisition rate is Single Shot, any Record image can be selected as a mask: just press when
the image is displayed. The mask number is displayed on the image screen as MG=xx. (The icon
appears on the monitor image)
Then press (the icon is displayed), single shot and make a Record acquisition; the image
is displayed subtracted (only the icon is displayed), but stored unsubtracted, so that subtraction can
be rebuilt with another mask if needed.
– During Serial Acquisition (acquisition rate 1 through 6 frame/sec), the mask is automatically the first
image of the sequence. Just press and start the Record sequence: Subtraction starts on the second
image. As in the case of Single–Shot acquisition, the image is displayed subtracted, but stored
unsubtracted, so that subtraction can be rebuilt with another mask if needed.
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3–5–2 Post–processing Record Subtraction (option)

Post–processing subtraction is available for radiographic (record) images, whether subtracted or not.
Press when the Record image that you wish to select as the mask is displayed. (The icon appears
on the monitor image). The mask number is updated on the image screen as MG=xx. Desactivate the
key to keep the wished mask (the icon disappears from the monitor image).
Then press on any Record image to subtract the image using the mask (the icon appears).
If the and keys are both active (in this case the and icons are displayed on the monitor
image), pressing or changes the mask and not the image. If only is active, pressing or
changes the image and not the mask.
Mask selection and post–processing subtraction is also possible in Multiview.
Post–processing subtraction is not active on images stored using Fluorostore.
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3
3–5–3 Mask pixel shift (option)

When Record Subtraction is active, it is sometimes necessary to move the mask with respect to the image,
to compensate for motions of the anatomy from one image to another.
This motion may be very small: on DRS, the steps are around 1/10 000 of the image.
When a Record image is displayed subtracted, press one Arrow; the mask will be moved in the
corresponding direction. When the shift limit is reached, a beep is emitted.
Press and Arrow simultaneously to reset the original mask position.
To cancel motion artefacts several masks with different pixel shift adjustments can be tried. DRS can store
(as long as the same study stays displayed) up to 10 masks with their individual pixel shift position.
Depending on the type of shift, a vector is displayed on the monitor image (Illustration 27):
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Illustration 27 – Pixel shift icon displayed on monitor image
Keyboard action Display on Keyboard action Display on

monitor image monitor image
followed by
followed by
followed by
followed by
“Arrow keys” are available:

– with the control keyboard on the auxiliary DRS console,
– on infrared control keypad.
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3–6 SECOND MONITOR

3–6–1 Manual duplication
A second video monitor may optionally be added in the Procedure Room. This monitor is useful to freeze
reference images, while the main monitor displays the live images.
Manual Duplication can be performed before fluoroscopy or radiography as well as after an examination.
The collimation and image number is displayed on the monitor 2.
It is possible to display an image already stored on the hard disk using the following procedure:
– Display the image desired for transfer on monitor 1.
– Press [DUPLICATE] the key lights up and the image is transferred.
– Press [DUPLICATE] again to de–activate the function. The key turns off and the image remains on
the second TV monitor until another image is transferred.
3–6–2 Automatic duplication during fluoroscopy
This function allows you to automatically transfer the current fluoroscopic image to an optional second TV
monitor. Automatic transfer of images is possible only during subtraction.
– Press [DUPLICATE] , the key lights up.
– Begin the subtracted Fluoro.
The image mask is automatically displayed on the second TV monitor.
– The lighted [DUPLICATE] key turns off once the image mask is transferred to the second TV monitor.
– The image mask remains on the second TV monitor until the next transfer.
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3–6–3 Automatic duplication on second TV monitor

This function allows for automatic transfer of the current image to the second TV monitor. Automatic transfer
of images is possible only during subtraction.
– Press once the [DUPLICATE] key (the key lights up).

– Begin fluoroscopic subtraction.
The first image is displayed on the second TV monitor (mask).
– The [DUPLICATE] key turns off once the image is transferred to the second TV monitor.
– The image remains on the second TV monitor until the next transfer.
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3–7 PATTERN IMAGE
Illustration 28 – Global test pattern
In the user menu, select the DISPLAY

PATTERN command and press the key.
The pattern is displayed.
This pattern allows TV monitor setting and the
film printer optical density adjustment to be
checked. An optical densitometer is required.
11:30:11 L= 127
15–APR–98 W = 255
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Select 4–in–1 format on laser imager console or in the Print menu for examination film.
1. Print the User Menu.
2. Print the global pattern.
3. Print a medical image considered good on the TV monitor. Print the same image in Normal and Reverse
Mode, with brightness and contrast levels of 127 and 255, respectively.
Illustration 29 –
USER MENU
LANGUAGE : ENGLISH DATE : DD–MM–YY TIME : HH–MM–SS ON

HOSPITAL NAME
DEFAULT WINDOW (DIRECT) W : 255 L : 127

(INVERT) W : 255 L : 127 D : 098 BETA : 1.3
– RAD – – FLUORO –
ËË
WINDOW REVERSE NORMAL
EDGE ON DEFAULT : 0.4 03 A
ËË
FNR ON DEFAULT : 04
ËË
– PRINTER –
IMAGE SELECT NONE TYPE : 3M952
ËË
KEYBOARD : INTERNAL
– MEASUREMENT –
UNIT : cm DEFAULT SID : 105 SOD : 0100 (*)
– SHUTTER – OFFSET : +1
– SUBTRACT –
DEFAULT WINDOW W: 170 L: 085
SUBTRACTED FLUORO: ON

Answer for Ping :”Alive” or ”No Answer” or reset message PAGE 1/3
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U.IV. U.IV.
FRAME= 10 FRAME= 10
XX......... MG = 00 XX......... MG = 00
16 03 95 MS = 00 16 03 95 MS = 00
L=127 L=127
O8:41:56 W= 255 O8:41:56 W = 255
16–MAR–98 SP = 05 16–MAR–98 SP = 05
HEALTH CENTER DR. YYYY HEALTH CENTER DR. YYYY
BUC BM BUC BM
GLOBAL PATTERN: Record the base fog in the white area marked A (see Illustration 29). It should be
between 0.18 and 0.20. In the white box, reset the densitometer.
Record the 16 densities from the black area to the white area on the left.
Use the sheet containing the reference curve (Illustration 30), and check the printer density adjustment
against the reference curve. The density curve should lie within the upper and lower limits.
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Illustration 30 – Density test adjustment of laser imagers and multiformat cameras
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4 – OPERATING INCIDENTS
4–1 SYSTEM INCIDENTS
Operator warning
DRS is a reliable image processor. However some data processing incidents may occur and prevent
performing the study.
Circumstances Symptoms Corrective actions

A digitized image contains It is recommended that Spot film
alphanumeric data on the image Device Image Receptor be selected. If
monitor screen (Illustration 31). If necessary, power the DRS off, wait a
At any moment these data disappear, the digital few seconds, and power it on again.
processor has probably gone into Wait for the end of the Start–Up
analog Bypass mode. procedure; if the incident persists, call
GEMS Field Engineers.
During X–ray emission, if no image On the generator, switch off the power
appears on the TV monitor, but the supply and then restore power. Wait
During X–ray
yellow X–ray light is on (steady or for the end of the Start–Up procedure
emission
blinking). and, if the incident persists, call
GEMS Field Engineers.
If Exposure indicator (Illustration 31), Switch off the power supply and
is active (XX displayed or image inform GEMS Field Engineers.
In stand–by
number increasing) without an
operator command.
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Illustration 31 – Digitized image alphanumeric data area
Exposure Indicator
. XX in Fluoro
IMAGE = 13 . number in Rad
REF. = 00
scale running in sequence

Alphanumeric
data area
10:46:15 M = 127
30–SEP–99 W = 255
SP =
Prestige II / MPH / DRS
X-RAY ROOM
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4–2 INCIDENTS SPECIFIC TO DRS

DRS was designed, and is manufactured, with efficient state–of–the–art tools, to achieve superior reliability.
Means are provided to detect, correct, or bypass component failures.
4–2–1 Incidents during starting up

4–2–1–1 Starting up without incident
Each time DRS is powered up, all its components are self–tested. These tests last less than 90 seconds,
and the status of the system at the end is one of the following:
– DRS OK: All tests completed with no error.

During the power–up test, the following message flashes on the main monitor:
POWER–UP TEST 0.00 00000000
Simultaneously, a power–up test feedback is provided on the console:
– All key lamps are lit for a few seconds, then extinguished.
– The Current Study counter then shows successive codes: E0, 30, 70, etc.
– The Space Available counter shows four zeros.
Check periodically that all key lamps and all segments of the displays light up. If not, the keyboard may
need to be replaced.
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At the end of the power–up test, the message is replaced by:
SYSTEM CHECK COMPLETE
One beep is emitted on the DRS console and the New Patient menu is displayed. On the console, the
Current Study counter shows four dashes whereas Space Available gives the quantity of free image
space on disk.
Note : To enable the display of the messages on the main TV monitor, you should preselect the
“Digital Record” technique on the Advantx and the last Image Hold Fluoro.
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4–2–1–2 Starting up with major incident

At least one test of a component necessary to perform image recording, failed.
In this case, as soon as the error is detected, the error code is displayed (if possible) on the Current Study
counter. The power–up then continues and the error code is transferred to the Space Available menu
while Current Study continues to display any subsequent codes.
At the end of the power–up test, four beeps are emitted, the error code remains on the console.
An error is displayed on the Advantx console if you try to select the Digital Record technique, or the Image
Hold Fluoro. However, the other Advantx techniques are operational.
Call GE Medical Systems Service to correct the error.
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4–2–1–3 Starting up with minor incident

At least one test of a component failed but image recording and display are still available.
In this case, you are warned in several ways: as soon as it is detected, the error is displayed on the main
and optional auxiliary screen:
POWER–UP TEST VO.00 00000000
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXX TEST FAILED
At the same time, the error code is displayed on the Current Study counter of the DRS console. The
power–up test then continues and the error code is transferred onto the Space Available menu while Current
Study continues to display any subsequent codes.
At the end of the power–up test, two beeps are emitted, the error code remains on the console.
The error is displayed on the Advantx console if you select the ”Digital Record” or last Image Hold in Fluoro.
These two techniques stay operational.
The displays on the DRS console show:
– Current Study – – – –
– Space Available 0xxx (where xxx is the space remaining on disk)
The following message is displayed:
POWER–UP TEST V0.00 00000000
POWER–UP TEST FAILED. CALL FIELD SERVICE
PRESS KEYS PATIENT DIRECTORY OR NEW PATIENT TO CONTINUE
Note : This message may not be visible on the main video monitor, depending on the state of the rest
of the Advantx system. In this case, check the other symptoms to determine if DRS is failing.
Call GE Medical Systems Service to correct the error.
However, you may still perform some of the DRS functions in a degraded mode. Press PATIENT
DIRECTORY or NEW PATIENT keys on DRS.
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4–2–2 Degraded modes of operation

Carefully read the following section if you are using the system in a degraded mode, to determine which
functions are available.
If you use the system in degraded mode, the counters on the DRS console show:
– Current Study Hxxx (where xxx can be the Study size, or dashes)
– Space Available 0yyy (where yyy is the space remaining on disk)
The following message is displayed on the New Patient menu:
WARNING! POWER–UP TEST FAILED: DEGRADED MODE
A warning message will be displayed on the New Patient menu and on the console each time it is switched
on, or each time the Digital Record technique is selected.
The messages displayed on the TV monitor and on the Advantx console may be different.
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Error message examples:

– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DISK OR SCSI FAILURE:
. On DRS Console: DISK NOT AVAILABLE. STUDY CAPACITY LIMITED TO MEMORY CAPACITY.
No disk storage or retrieval is possible. The Patient Directory cannot be displayed, and studies already
stored on disk cannot be retrieved. Such errors may imply disk replacement or reformatting. In this case,
the studies will be lost. In some cases, GE Medical Systems Service will be able to recover such errors
by repairing corrupted disk files.
With no operational disk, it is still possible to create studies and perform all types of Fluoro and Record
acquisitions and all post–processing functions, except Film Study (Film Image is still possible),
Networking, and Archiving.
However, the capacity is limited to 26 images (optional 57). When this limit is reached, further acquisitions
are impossible in the Digital Record technique, unless images are deleted. Note that the images are
destroyed when the system power supply is shut down.
To create a new study, you must delete the current study by pressing .
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– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DRS RAM IMA1 OR BOTH IMA2 FAILURE:
. On DRS Console: MEMORY NOT AVAILABLE. ONLY NON SUBTRACTED FLUORO AVAILABLE
No disk storage or retrieval is possible. The Patient Directory cannot be displayed, and studies already
stored on disk cannot be retrieved, but the studies are still present on disk, and can be retrieved when
the failure is repaired.
No RAM storage is possible.
It is still possible to create studies and perform Image Hold Fluoro acquisition. Record acquisitions and
post–processing are not available.
– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DRS RAM IMA2 FAILURE:
. On DRS Console: MEMORY EXTENSION NOT AVAILABLE. REDUCED MEMORY CAPACITY
All acquisitions and post–processing are still possible,but the RAM capacity will be limited to 26 images
instead of 57.
– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DRS TRAIT FAILURE:
. On DRS Console: FILTERINGS AND SUBTRACTION NOT AVAILABLE

All acquisitions are still possible, except Peak–Opacification and Subtractions. Fluoroscopy will have no
FNR.
Post–processing functions are still available, except edge–enhancement filtering, Zoom, and
Subtraction.
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– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DRS GEL2 FAILURE:
. On DRS Console: SUBTRACTION NOT AVAILABLE
All acquisitions and post–processing are still available, except Subtractions and Duplicate.
– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DRS GEL3 OR SERIAL LINE FAILURE:
. On DRS Console: IMAGE TRANSFER TO PRINTER NOT POSSIBLE
All acquisitions and post–processing are still available, except Film Image or Film Study.
– Message :
. On Advantx Console: DONGLE ETHERNET NOT PRESENT:
. On DRS Console: NETWORK OPTION NOT AVAILABLE
All acquisitions and post–processing remain possible, except image transfer to a review workstation.
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4–2–3 Incidents during acquisition or study review

Some errors may occur during acquisition or study review. The following error messages are displayed on
Advantx Console, or on TV monitor:
– MAX NUMBER OF STUDIES DEFINED
DRS is limited to 100 studies. Delete studies to continue.
– MAX NUMBER OF IMAGES IN A STUDY
DRS is limited to 200 images per study. Delete images or create a New Patient to continue.
– DIG REC MODULE OUT OF DISK SPACE
DRS is limited to 2000 or 4000 images depending on disk type (optional capacity increase to 800 or 1800
for previous DRS model upgraded to DRS3.2). Delete images or studies to continue.
– MHR TEMPERATURE TOO HIGH
High temperatures can severely damage the electronic components of DRS, especially the disks, and/or
corrupt images. DRS has temperature sensors that detect abnormal temperatures in the DRS cabinet.
These temperatures can either be due to an excessive room temperature, fan failure, or dust in filters.
In the event of excessively high temperatures, DRS first displays the following message:
TEMPERATURE WARNING
All acquisitions and post–processing are still available at this time. However, should this message appear,
complete all current tasks, store the current study on disk, and remove power from the whole room.
If this is not done, and the temperature continues to rise, DRS then displays the following message:
TEMPERATURE ALARM
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Then an error message is displayed on the Advantx console. DRS recording and last image hold fluoroscopy
are no longer available. Remove power from the whole room.
– OPERATOR ANSWERED NO TO APPEND IMAGE QUESTION
It is necessary to select New Acquisition in the Study Retrieval screen if you wish to perform subsequent
acquisitions.
– NO CURRENT STUDY ON DRS

It is not possible to perform acquisitions in Digital Record technique, or to run Image Hold Fluoro outside
of a study. Create or retrieve a study to acquire images.
4–2–4 Incidents during network transfer
– NETWORK NOT OPERATIONAL
Some device on the network or the whole network is not operational. See DRS Gateway LCD Display for
further details.
4–3 INSITE (REMOTE CONTROL SERVICE DIAGNOSTIC)

According system configuration.
GEMS after sale service is able to make a remote diagnostic and for Advantx systems to remotly download
images from DRS disk for analysis purpose, via Insite remote service function.
Contact GE Medical Systems Service for more details on InSite. (Option for some configurations).
129
4
4–4 PATIENT CONFIDENTIALITY

For some maintenance operations related to image quality, it may be necessary for the service people to
get some images back to manufacturer for analysis. The images may be get back through tapes using
Exabyte or via Insite connection (on Advantx rooms)..
As the images may contain the patient identification (name, social security number) in the annotations, some
countries have laws related to the medical secret that require respect of the patient confidentiality by the
healthcare professional.
To meet the obligations of these laws, it exists in the DRS the possibility to delete the patient identification
annotations before archiving them for non medical purpose (image quality investigation).
1. If the images are still on hard disk: delete the patient identification by applying following procedure:
– enter in Retrieval menu (Illustration 21, page 79),
– click on “Patient ID” field,
– erase manually the patient identification,
– validate by pressing “Enter” key of the alphanumeric keyboard.
Then archive the study.
2. If the images were already archived on Exabyte, first restore the images on the hard disk and follow
previous procedure.
130
5 – PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Table 1 – Maintenance schedule
EQUIPMENT: DRS – CONSOLE DRS PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
PROBLEMS:
SERIAL No.: from to PAGE 01/02
DESCRIPTION INTERVAL USER GEMS
Scheduled operation: Every 12 months

– Clean keyboards. x
Check correct operation of cooling fans.
PM1A
Acceptance test (covering DRS and Console). Every 12 months x
131
5
EQUIPMENT: DRS – CONSOLE DRS PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
PROBLEMS:
SERIAL No.: from to PAGE 02/02
DESCRIPTION INTERVAL USER GEMS
DRS CONSOLE
Scheduled operations: Every 12 months

– Clean keyboard and function keys. x
with a non abrasive product.
RECORDERS
Clean the head of the recorders by using the cleaning
cartridge when the following message appears: According
WARNING: CLEAN THE TAPE DRIVE UNIT x
to usage
or when top and bottom led of Exabyte are both
flashing (see page 95).
Use exclusively the cleaning cartridge recommended
for Eliant 820.
DRS GATEWAY
Every 6 months. x
Clean dust from front vents of PC Tower.
132
6 – FEATURES
6–1 PERFORMANCE DATA
6–1–1 Image acquisition
– 1249 [1023] line non–interlaced video input, 8–bit/40–MHz sampling, providing high resolution images.
– Radiography mode: single–shot, or up to 6 frames/sec user–selected acquisition rate.
– Real–time Edge–enhancement filter applied to all images.
– Fluoroscopy mode: 25 [30] frames/sec acquisition rate.
– Programmable and adjustable (option) fluoro noise reduction (FNR) with motion detection.
– Optional Peak–Opacified fluoroscopy and subtraction.
– Programmable real–time edge–enhancement filter.
– User–controlled on–the–fly storage of fluoroscopic images. Storable Last Image Hold.
6–1–2 Image display

– 1249 [1023] line interlaced video output, 256 gray levels with programmable and user–selectable gray
scale inversion and image–linked gray scale settings (Window/level).
– Superimposition of a circular black mask.
– User–activated automatic digital shutters to mask collimator blades (optional).
– Horizontal and/or vertical digital image reversals with Right/Left tag fields and Reverse icon.
– User–entered study description (20 characters) and Image–linked annotations (five lines), with
user–defined dictionary for quick annotation.
133
6
– 4–in–1 collage for display of four successive images of a study, with the image–linked shutters if selected.
– 15–in–1 collage for display of 15 successive images of a study with the image–linked shutters if selected,
and the demographic data of the study.
– Dedicated key, to duplicate and freeze any still image on 2nd monitor (optional).
6–1–3 Image post–processing

– 2 x 2 interpolated zoom of a Region Of Interest, and 32–pixel roaming.
– Horizontal and vertical digital shutters can be moved, with 8–pixel resolution on each side.
– Range of 20 large–kernel post–processing Edge–enhancement filters, plus one equalization filter
(according to configuration).
– Dynamic radiography sequence review, at the rate of acquisition.
– Length and angle measurements with user calibration (optional).
– Pixel–shift on subtracted images (option).
– User–selectable copy of filters, window/level and annotations to next images (option).
134
6–1–4 Patient file management

– One (standard) or two (option) hard disks for patient files storage, store up to 100 studies, of up to 200
images each, with a maximum of 2000 or 4000 images on both disks, (800 to 1800 for previous DRS
models upgraded to DRS3.2).
– Automatic, study–linked, date and time.
– Patient data include Patient Name, Patient Id, Study Description, Radiologist Name, and Referring
Department.
– Patient directory displays Patient Name, Date of Study, Patient Id, and Referring Department. New
images can be appended to an existing study.
– Images can be deleted inside the retrieved study, and a Study can be deleted from the Patient Directory
if unprotected.
6–1–5 Image Filming/DICOM Printing

– Digital data link, and embedded control of GE laser film printer and other laser film printers, including 3M
P831, 3M M952 (with or without MMU), 3M M969, Kodak 100XLP, Kodak 2180, DuPont Lynx400, and
Agfa MG 3000.
– Film Study: Automatic background transfer to the film printer of user–selected images.
– Network transfer of images to DICOM 3 compatible devices (DICOM 3 print to network printers).
135
6
6–1–6 Subtraction (option)

– Fluoroscopy: Real–time subtraction.
On–the–fly storage of subtracted image still possible.
– Radiography: Real–time subtraction (option) of first image of the sequence to live image.
Storage of unsubtracted live image.
– Post–processing: User–selected mask subtracted to any Record image.
6–1–7 Network and Archiving (options)
– Digital data archiving on 8–mm magnetic cartridge (option).
– DICOM3 compatibility, allows to send user–selected images to Advantage Windows or other diagnosis
workstations, on Ethernet network (option).
6–1–8 Utilities
– The optional second console duplicates the post–processing controls and allows diagnosis outside the
procedure room.
– Degraded mode capabilities in the event of failures, and bad–block–based image RAM to tolerate errors
and increase uptime.
– InSite remote access (option).
– User menu allows entry and modification of hospital name, date, time, laser camera parameters, filter
strengths, reverse curve shapes, and address of workstations.
– Several utilities help adjusting and calibrating the video image chain, both on incoming and outgoing
video, for superior image quality.
– User–activated study protection prevents accidental deletion of studies from the disk.
136
6–2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR ADVANTX DRS

6–2–1 Cabinet For Advantx DRS
– Size: 43 in high x 18 in deep x 33 in wide (1092 x 457 x 965 mm)
– Weight: 102 kg (225 lb) including complete MHR rack
135 kg (298 lb) including console, wall box, and external cables
(excluding transformer)
– Holes for mounting: cabinet anchored to the wall (two holes) and to the ground
(four holes)
– Steel thickness: 3 mm
– Main power: 230 V (ac) single–phase (187 to 264 V), 47 to 63 Hz, 1.5 kVA
– Power dissipation: 1.2 kW
– Current inrush (power–up): < 160 A for 4 ms
– Ambient temperature: +15 to +35°C (operation), max gradient 20°C/h
–10 to +55°C (storage), max gradient 20°C/h
– Relative humidity: 30% to 80% non–condensing, max gradient 10%/h
– Altitude: –300 to +3000 meters (–1000 to +10000 ft) (operation)
–300 to +12000 meters (–1000 to +40000 ft) (transit)
– Static discharge tolerance: 8 kV (in air)
– Audio noise: 46 dBA at 1 m
– Air flow rate: 140 l/s (5 cu. ft/s) (approx.)
137
6
6–2–2 Console For Advantx DRS (1st and 2nd DRS auxiliary console)
– Size: 18 in wide x 4 in high x 12 in deep (457 x 102 x 304 mm)
– Weight: 6 kg (13.25 lb)
– Power dissipation: 20 W
– Ambient temperature: +15 to +35°C (operation)
–40 to +70°C (storage)
– Relative humidity: 40% to 80% non–condensing (operation)
8% to 90% (storage)
– Audio Noise: N/A
– Air flow rate: N/A
An optional second console can be purchased, and placed in the remote location (up to 30 meters) for
image review and diagnosis. This console is identical to the main DRS console.
6–2–3 Wall box (option)
– Main power: 110 to 230 V ac single–phase, 47 to 63 Hz, 100 VA
– Power dissipation: 70 W
– Ambient temperature: +15 to +35°C (operation)
–40 to +70°C (storage)
– Relative humidity : 30% to 80% non–condensing
– Noise: N/A
138
INDEX
A C Dictionary, Example of use, 68
Dictionary screen, Texts and
A.E. TITLE, 91 Change parameters, 92 identifiers, 66
A.E. Title, 91 CINE LOOP, 23 Digital Fluoroscopy, 36
Acquiring record images, 34 Cineloop, 49 Digital shutters, 43
Address, 90 Composition of the system, 15 Digitized Radiography, 38
CONTRAST, 20 Directory, 91
Advanced functions, 84
COPY, 23 Disk, 27
Annotations, 64
Copy, 70 Disk Failure, 124
Annotations fields, 64 DISK STUDIES, 78
Current Study, 19
Answer of Ping, 92 Display pattern, 92
Archiving on tape, 93 D Displaying the Dictionary, 67
Arrows, 22 DRS Address, 91
Date, 89
Auto Shutters, 46 DRS station name, 91
Default parameters, 92
DRS Tape Directory, 93
Auto–shutters, Collimator, 46 Degraded modes of operation,
DUPLICATE, 25
Auxiliary console 123
(control keyboard) 18 Delete all studies, 92 E
DELETE IMAGE, 19 EDGE, 89
B
DELETE STUDY, 19 EDGE FILTERS, 89
BRIGHTNESS, 20 Description of the system, 15 Edge filter, 33
139
Edge–enhancement filters, 48 FNR, 36, 89 Incidents during acquisition or

DEFAULT FNR, 89 study review, 127
Enhancing the image, 39
Format Tape, 92 Incidents starting up, 119
Exabyte (operation), 95
Infra–Red Remote Control
G Keypad #1, 26
F Insite, 128
Gateway Address, 91
Features, 132 INVERT, 20
Field, N, M1,M2,M3, 36 H Invert, 89

Invert (grey scale), 40
FILM IMAGE, 25 HI EDGE, 23
FILM STUDY, 24 Hospital Name, 89 K
FILMING, 73 I Keypad, 26
Film Image, 73
Film Study, 76 Image acquisition, 132 L
Image deletion, 70 Language, 89
Flip icons, 42
Image display, 132 Last Image Hold, LIH, 33
Flips, 41
Image filming, 134 Level value, 39
Fluoro, 36
Image flips, 41 LO EDGE, 23
Fluoro Noise Reduction, FNR, 32 Image Pattern, 113
Fluoroscopy, 32 Image Post–Processing, 133 M
FLUOROSTORE, 19 Image Processing, 50 Magnetic tape, 93
Fluorostore, 34 Image Select, 89 MASK, 24
140
Mask pixel shift, 109 Overview and filming, 71 Printer menu, 74, 76
Measurement Unit, 90 Printer type, 89
P PRIOR, 24
MEASUREMENTS, 21
Measurements, 50 Password, 91
Q
Warnings, No–Calibration Patient confidentiality, 129
Errors, 63 PATIENT DIRECTORY, 20 Quick annotate, 65
MULTIVIEW, 20 Patient Directory, 78 R
Multiview, 71 Patient directory screen, 78, 100
Radiography parameters, 31
Patient file management, 134
N Real–time record subtraction,
Peak Opacification, 104 107
Network and Archiving, 135 Performance Data, 132 Removing Power from the
Network protocol, 90 Physical Environment for System, 83
Networking, Dicom 3, 97 Advantx DRS3.1, 136 Reviewing the study, 78
New Patient Screen, 29 PING, 92
New study, 29 Pixel shift icons, 110
S
NEWPATIENT, 20 Port Number, 91 Second monitor, 111
NEXT, 24 Post–Processing record SELECT, 21, 75
subtraction, 108 Shutter Offset, 90
O Pre–acquisition screen, 31 SID, 90
Operator Warning, operating Preventive Maintenance, 130 Side–marker fields, 41
anomalies, 117 Printer Keyboard, 89 SOD, 90
141
Space Available, 19 T Window

Start up, 27 Default, 89
Tape Studies, 94
Time, 89 Record, Fluoro, 89
Station Number, 90
Window level, 39
Study Deletion, 81 U
Window value, 39
Study retrieval, 80 User, User Name, 90
SUBNET MASK, 91 User menu, 84
Utilities, 135 Z
Subtract, 90
SUBTRACTION, 24 W ZOOM, 21
Subtraction, 106, 135 Wall box (option), 137 Zoom (magnifying), 49
142
REVISION HISTORY
REV DATE REASON FOR CHANGE PAGES
0 April 2000 Initial release
Clarified Image and Study Deletion time between key

1 September 2000 142
presses.
September 18,
2 Added DRS Gateway. 144
2000
3 May 23, 2001 Added DRS TV Monitor Screen Saver. 144
Documents 2236980–100 2236981–100,et 2236982–100 are linked.

IMPORTANT WHEN
They have a common master file 2236983–100 (not orderable) to be used for
UPDATING
updating. Please consult the Read me before updating.
1143
143
Blank page.
144

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DRS3.

2 with Advantx Console

2–1–5 DRS Image receptor selection 28

2–6–9 Cine Loop 49

2–9 REVIEWING A STUDY 77

3–5–1–1 Fluoro subtraction (option) 107

4– OPERATING INCIDENTS 118

5– PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE 131

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NIPPON (Japan) BELGIE/BELGIQUE (Belgium)

AN OPERATING OR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE, PRACTICE, CONDITION,

An operating or maintenance procedure practice, condition, etc., which if not

Note: An essential operating, installation, or maintenance procedure, practice, condition, etc.,

- The original document was written in English.

Illustration 1 – Maximum configuration

Infrared remote control

Touch screen Laser film

2nd DRS auxiliary console

1–3 USER INTERFACES

1–3–2–2 Control keyboard

MASK LO EDGE SUBTRACK

FILM STUDY FILM IMAGE

1–3–2–3 Description of the controls

On a system with an MPG generator, select “Station 1”.

2 The alphanumeric keyboard is mainly used to enter Patient data, or image

9 Pressing [MULTIVIEW] once displays 15 successive images on a single screen.

12 [SELECT] is used to individually tag images to be transferred to network, or to the film

if key is On and the image is not magnified.

2/ Move the angles and segments

if key is On and no ROI is displayed.

3/ Apply Pixel Shift of the Mask

if a mask has been selected, is On, is Off, and no ROI is displayed.

if is On, the image is magnified, and and are Off.

5/ Select an Image in a collage

if is On, and are Off.

6/ Manually adjust the digital shutters

if , , , and are Off.

The arrows are also used to:

15 [COPY] (option) propagates some attributes of the current image (Annotations,

18 [MASK] (option) is used to:

19 [SUBTRACTION] (option) allows to subtract images in real–time (fluoroscopy or

1–3–3 The infrared remote control keypad

• Multiview (15–1), (4–1) • Windowing

• Contrast Inversion • Delete current image

• Image selection • New patient

• Study delete • Prior Image

• Patient Directory • Next Image

• Hi–Edge and Lo–Edge • Fluorostore

2–1–3 Space available on disk

– The system does not allow new patient files to be created.

2–2 NEW STUDY

PATIENT NAME: 32characters

NEW PATIENT USER MENU

2–2–2 Enter the New Study screen

Enter the New Study screen, by pressing , key.

2–2–4 Exit from “New Patient” screen

2–3 DRS PRE–ACQUISITION SCREEN

2–4–1 Fluoro Noise Reduction (FNR)

Pressing will increase FNR strength.

2–4–2 Edge filter on fluoro images