Figure 11: Block Diagram of A Battery System

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Chapter 5

5. Estimation of Battery State of Charge

5.1 Battery System:

A battery system as shown below monitors the battery pack operations and performs the
safety steps in case of a hazardous event. First, the system measures the voltage, current and
temperature and in some cases other quantities such as pressure. These parameters are
processed and used as input parameters to BMU (Battery Management Unit), which relies on
mathematical models based on differential/difference equations and lookup tables.

These models are developed to estimate the state of battery in terms of the State of charge,
State of Health, the State of Function etc. A BMU also communicates with the vehicle
systems to control the charging/discharging, cell balancing, battery temperature, etc.

Figure 11: Block Diagram of a Battery System

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