XP2-R - Power and reverse power relay

Contents 1. Applications and features

1. Applications and features Relay XP2-R of the PROFESSIONAL LINE is a digital relay
for reverse power detection of gen.-sets in parallel and
2. Design active power supervision of power systems.

3. Function For generators operating in parallel with a mains or

3.1 Measuring principle another generator, it is imperative to supervise the
3.2 Calculation of the setting value power direction. If for example the prime mover fails
and reverse power the alternator operates as a motor and drives the prime
mover (diesel or turbine). The XP2-R detects the reverse
4. Operation and settings of the power direction and - in case of this error -
switches off the alternator. This way, power losses and
4.1 Setting of DIP-switches
damages of the prime mover are avoided.
4.2 Setting of the tripping values
4.3 Communication via serial interface
When compared to conventional protection equipment
adapter XRS1
all relays of the PROFESSIONAL LINE reflect the superiority
of digital protection technique with the following fea-
5. Relay case and technical data
tures:
5.1 Relay case
5.2 Technical data • High measuring accuracy by digital processing
• Fault indication via LEDs
6. Order form
• Extremely wide operating ranges of the supply volt-
age by universal wide range power supply unit
• Very fine graded wide setting ranges
• Data exchange with process management system by
serial interface adapter XRS1 which can be retrofit-
ted
• True power measurement by multiplication of current
and voltage
• Extremely short response time
• Adjustment of rated data
• Compact design by SMD-technology

In addition to this relay XP2-R has the following special

features:
• Measurement phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase
voltage possible
• Tripping times for supervision P and PR adjustable

2 TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB
2. Design

3 ∼ 35...74 Hz Analog inputs

DIP-switch position ∆
The analog input signals are connected to the protec-
tion device via voltage terminals1L - 2L and current
terminals 1S1 (K-terminal of transformer ) - 1S2
(L-terminal of transformer).

Auxiliary voltage supply

The XP2-R can be supplied directly from the measuring

quantity itself or by secured aux. supply. Therefore a
DC or AC voltage must be used.

Unit XP2-R has an integrated wide range power sup-

ply. Voltages in the range from 19 - 55 V DC can be
Fig. 2.1: Connection three-wire system
applied at connection terminals A1(L-) and A2(L+).
Terminals A1/A3 are to be used for voltages from
3/N ∼ 35...74 Hz
50 - 750 V DC or from 36 - 520 V AC.
DIP-switch position ∆

Contact positions

14 12 11 24 22 21

Operation without fault or

dead condition
PR> P>

14 12 11 24 22 21

Reverse power tripping

PR>
PR> P>

Fig. 2.2: Connection phase-to-phase voltage in four-wire system 14 12 11 24 22 21

3/N ∼35...74 Hz
DIP-switch position Y Active power tripping P>
PR> P>

Fig. 2.4: Contact positions of the output relays

Fig. 2.3: Connection phase-to-neutral voltage in four-wire system

TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB 3
3. Function 3.1 Measuring principle

The incoming current from the main current transformer Through multiplication of the actual current and voltage
of the protected object is converted to a voltage signal values p(t) = u(t) · i(t), the microprocessor calculates the
in proportion to the current via the input transformer phase power. 12 instantaneous values are measured
and burden. The noise signals caused by inductive and recorded per cycle. Afterwards the power value
and capacitive coupling are suppressed by an analog during one cycle is determined.
R-C filter circuit.
2π
1
The analog voltage signals are fed to the A/D- P=
T ∫ p(t) dt
converter of the microprocessor and transformed to 0
digital signals through Sample- and Hold- circuits. The
measuring value detection takes with a sampling fre- Consequently, the total three phase current is calcu-
quency of 12 x fn, namely, a sampling rate of lated from: Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3
1.66 ms for every measuring quantity at 50 Hz.
u(t)

i(t)

t
p(t) = u(t) ⋅ i(t)

1 2π t
P= ⋅ p(t) ⋅ dt
T 0∫

Fig 3.1: Diagram of power calculation

4 TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB
3.2 Calculation of the setting value
at reverse power

Should the relay, for instance, trip at a generator re- 1875 kVA ⋅ 0,8
verse power of 10 %, this does not mean that the set-
3 ⋅ 20 ⋅100
ting value of the XP2-R is 10 %. Based on the trans- PR > (%) = ⋅ 6(%) ≈ 5%
110 V ⋅ 5A
former transformation ratio, the switching point has to
be calculated.
According to the above example, the XP2-R has to be
set to 5 % so that it trips at a generator reverse power
The XP2-R measures the power in one phase of the of 6 % (rated generator active power).
transformer secondary side. The power is assumed to
be symmetrical
Connection of the XP2-R to phase-to-neutral voltage

The generator phase power must be related to the Conversion of the generator phase power PGS based
transformers secondary side. on the transformer secondary side:

Essential data SG ⋅ cos(*)

PGS =
3 ⋅ nU ⋅ nI
SG[kVA] rated generator apparent power
cos(ϕ): rated generator power factor With the permissible generator reverse power PGS, the
In: rated current of XP2-R setting value PR is then calculated as follows:
Un: rated voltage of XP2-R
nI: transformation ratio of the CT SG ⋅ cos(*)
nU: transformation ratio of the VT
PR > (%) = 3 ⋅ nU ⋅ nI ⋅ PRG(%)
Un ⋅ In
Connection of the XP2-R to phase-to-phase voltage: Calculation example 2: Low voltage 400 V, connec-
tion to phase voltage (see fig. 2.3)
Conversion of the generator phase power PGS based
on the CT secondary side :
• generator apparent power: SG = 625 kVA
• rated power factor: cos(ϕ) = 0,8
SG ⋅ cos(*)
PGS = • rated current of XP2-R: In = 5 A
3 ⋅ nU ⋅ nI • rated voltage of XP2-R: Un = 230 V
(phase-to-neutral voltage)
With the permissible generator reverse power PGS , the • transformation ratio of the CT: nI = 1000 A / 5 A
setting value PR is then calculated as follows: • no VT required

SG ⋅ cos(*) When the relay is expected to trip at a generator re-

3 ⋅ nU ⋅ nI verse power PRG of 5 %, calculation of the setting value
PR > (%) = ⋅ PRG(%)
Un ⋅ In PR> is as follows:

625 kVA ⋅ 0,8

Calculation example 1: Medium voltage 10 kV PR > (%) = 3 ⋅1⋅ 200 ⋅ 5(%) = 3,6% ≈ 4%
(see fig. 2.1) 230 V ⋅ 5A

• generator apparent power: SG = 1875 kVA According to the above example, the XP2-R has to be
• rated power factor: cos(ϕ) = 0,8 set to 4 % so that it trips at a generator reverse power
• rated voltage of XP2-R: Un = 110 V of 5 % (rated generator active power).
(phase-to-phase voltage)

When the relay is expected to trip at a generator re-

verse power of 6 %, calculation of the setting value is
as follows:

TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB 5
4. Operation and settings

All operating elements needed for setting parameters LEDs

are located on the front plate of unit XP2-R as well as
all display elements. LED "ON" is used for display of the readiness for ser-
Because of this all adjustments of the unit can be made vice (at applied auxiliary voltage Uv) and besides this
or changed without disconnecting the unit from DIN- it flashes at wrong phase sequence (see table under
rail. para. 4.1). LEDs P> and P< signal pickup (flashing) or
tripping (steady light) of the respective function.

Test push button

This push button is used for test tripping of the unit and
when pressed for 5 s a check-up of the hardware
takes place. Both output relays are tripped and all
tripping LEDs light up.

Fig. 4.1: Front plate

For adjustment of the unit the transparent cover has to

be opened as illustrated. Do not use force! The trans-
parent cover has two inserts for labels.

Fig. 4.2: How to open the transparent cover

6 TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB
4.1 Setting of DIP-switches

The DIP-switch block on the front plate of unit XP2-R is

used for adjustment of the nominal values and setting
of function parameters:

DIP-switch OFF ON Function

1* Un = 100 V Un = 110 V Setting of rated voltage
2* Un = 100 V Un = 230 V
3* Un = 100 V Un = 400 V
4
5 Y ∆ Measuring phase-to-neutral/phase-to-
phase voltage
6 500 ms 40 ms Returning time
7 x1 x 10 Multiplier for tPR>
8 x1 x 10 Multiplier for tP>

Table 4.1: Function of DIP-switches

*Only one of the DIP-switches 1 - 3 shall be in „ON“ position at the same time.

Rated voltage Hysteresis of P> and PR>

The required rated voltage can be set with the aid of The hysteresis of both trip elements are fixed to
DIP-switch 1 - 3 to 100, 110, 230 or 400 V AC. The 0.8 % Pn.
rated voltage is defined as the real connected voltage
applied to connection terminals Example:
1L - 2L. It has to be ensured that only one of the three The chosen rated voltage is 400 V.
DIP-switches is switched on. The following DIP-switch The rated current is 5 A.
configurations for adjustment of the rated voltage are 400 V x 5 A x 0.8 % = 16 W hysteresis
allowed.

Returning time

If DIP-switch 6 is in ON position, the returning time of

P> and PR> is 40 ms. At the same time the tripping va-
lues of tPR> and tP> are set to their minimum values ir-
respectively of their potentiometer setting.
This setting is only used together with a XG2 relay as
power direction controlled vector surge tripping for
synchronous motors.

Abb. 4.3: Adjustment of rated voltage

Rated voltage chosen too low does not cause destruc-

tion of the unit but leads to wrong measuring results
which may lead to false trippings.

Measuring of phase-to-neutral/phase-to-phase volt-

age

The phase-to-neutral (position „OFF“) or phase-to-phase

voltage (position „ON“) can be adjusted by means of
switching over the DIP-switch 5.

TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB 7
4.2 Setting of the tripping values 4.3 Communication via serial interface
adapter XRS1
The PROFESSIONAL LINE units have the unique possibility
of high accuracy fine adjustments. For this, two poten-
tiometers are used. The course setting potentiometer
can be set in descrete steps of 5 %
( or 20 %). A second fine adjustment potentiometer is
then used for continuously variable setting of the final
0 - 5 % (or 0 - 20 %). Adding of the two values results
in the precise tripping value.

Active power supervision

The tripping value can be set in the range from

1 - 120 % Pn with the aid of the potentiometer illus-
trated on the following diagram.

Example:
A tripping value P> of 72 % Pn is to be set. The set
value of the right potentiometer is just added to the
value of the coarse setting potentiometer. (The arrow Abb. 4.5: Communication principle
of the coarse setting potentiometer must be inside of
the marked bar, otherwise no defined setting value). For communication of the units with a superior man-
agement system, the interface adapter XRS1 is avail-
able for data transmission, including operating soft-
ware for our relays. This adapter can easily be retrofit-
ted at the side of the relay. Screw terminals simplify its
installation. Optical transmission of this adapter makes
galvanic isolation of the relay possible. Aided by the
software, actual measured values can be processed,
Fig. 4.4: Adjusting example
relay parameters set and protection functions pro-
grammed at the output relays. Information about unit
XRS1 in detail can be taken from the description of
Reverse power supervision
this unit.
The tripping value at reverse power is adjustable in the
range from 1 - 30 % Pn. The adjustment is made as
shown above.

Time delay

The time delays of both power elements can be

adjusted in the range from 0 - 10 s or 0 - 100 s con-
tinuously variable (pay attention to range shifting of
DIP-switch 7 and 8)

8 TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB
5. Relay case and technical data

5.1 Relay case

Unit XP2-R is designed to be fastened onto a DIN-rail acc. to DIN EN 50022, same as all units of the
PROFESSIONAL LINE.

The front plate of the unit is protected with a sealable transparent cover (IP40).

110

75
65

Fig. 5.1: Dimensional drawings

Connection terminals

2
The connection of up to a maximum of 2 x 2.5 mm cross-section conductors is possible. For this the transparent
cover of the unit has to be removed (see para. 4).

TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB 9
5.2 Technical data

Measuring input circuits

Rated voltage Un: 100,110, 230, 400 V AC

Rated frequency range: 35 - 74 Hz

Power consumption in
voltage circuit: 1 VA

Power consumption
in current circuit: In = 1 A/0,075 VA
In = 5 A/0,1 VA
Working range of power supervision
voltage: 40 - 130 % Un
current: 0 - 120 % In
Thermal capacity
of the voltage circuit: continuously 520 V AC
Thermal load carrying capacity
of the current circuit: continuously 4 x In

Auxiliary voltage

Rated auxiliary voltage UV/ 36 - 520 V AC (f = 35 - 78 Hz) or 50 - 750 V DC /

4 W (terminals A1 - A3)
Power consumption: 19 - 55 V DC/3 W (terminals A1(L-) - A2(L+))

Common data

Dropout to pickup ratio: 0,8 % von Pn

Resetting time from pickup: <50 ms
Returning time from trip: 500 ms (DIP-switch 6 = OFF) or 40 ms (DIP-switch 6 = ON)
Minimum initialisation time after
supply voltage has applied: 260 ms
Minimum response time when
supply voltage is available: 50 - 200 ms

Output relay

Number of relays: 2
Contacts: 1 changeover contact for each trip relay
Maximum breaking capacity: ohmic 1250 VA / AC resp. 120 W / DC
inductive 500VA / AC resp. 75 W / DC
Max. rated voltage: 250 V AC
220 V DC ohmic load Imax. = 0,2 A
inductive load Imax. = 0,1 A at L/R ≤ 50 ms
24 V DC inductive load Imax. = 5 A
Minimum load: 1 W / 1 VA at Umin ≥ 10 V
Maximum rated current: 5A
Making current (16ms): 20 A
5
Contact life span: 10 hysteresis at max. breaking capacity
Contact material: AgCdO

10 TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB
System data

Design standard: VDE 0435 T303; IEC 0801 part 1-4; VDE 0160;
IEC 255-4; BS142; VDE 0871
Temperature range:
at storage and operation: - 25°C bis + 70°C

Constant climate class F

acc. to DIN 40040 and
DIN IEC 68, T.2-3: more than 56 days at 40°C and 95 % relative humidity

High voltage test

acc. to VDE 0435, part 303
Voltage test: 2.5 kV (eff.) / 50 Hz; 1 min
Surge voltage test: 5 kV; 1.2/50 ms, 0.5 J
High frequency test: 2.5 kV / 1 MHz

Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

acc. to IEC 0801, part 2: 8 kV

Radiated electromagnetic field

test acc. to IEC 0801, part 3: 10 V/m

Electrical fast transient (burst)

acc. to IEC 0801, part 4: 4 kV / 2,5kHz, 15 ms

Radio interference suppression

test acc. toDIN 57871 and
VDE0871: limit value class A

Repeat accuracy: 1%

Basic time delay accuracy: 0,5 % or ±50 ms

Accuracy of the specific rated values: Un = 100 V / 110 V / 230 V / 400 V 1 % Pn

Temperature effect: 0,02 % as per K

Frequency effect: 45 - 66 Hz no tolerance
35 - 45 Hz and 66 - 74 Hz 1 %
Min. threshold value
of power elements: 1 % of Pn

Mechanical test:
Shock: class 1 to DIN IEC 255-21-2
Vibration: class 1 to DIN IEC 255-21-1

Degree of protection
Front plate: IP40 at closed front cover
Weight: ca. 0,7 kg
Mounting position: any
Relay case material: self-extinguishing

TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB 11
 Parameter Setting range Graduation
PR> 1 - 30 % Pn continuously variable
P> 1 - 120 % Pn continuously variable
tPR> 0 - 10 s/0 - 100 s continuously variable
tP> 0 - 10 s/0 - 100 s continuously variable

Table 5.1: Setting ranges and graduation

6. Order form

Power and reverse power relay XP2-R-

Rated current 1A 1
5A 5

Technical data subject to change without notice!

12 TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB
Setting-list XP2-R

Project: SEG job.-no.:

Function group: = Location: + Relay code: -

Relay functions: Date:

Setting of parameters

Default Actual
Function Unit settings settings
P> Power supervision % Pn 1
PR> Reverse power supervision % Pn 1
tP> Tripping delay of power element s 0
tPR> Tripping delay of reverse power element s 0

DIP-switch Function Default settings Actual

settings
1* 100 V
2* Adjustment of rated voltage 100 V
3* 100 V
4
5 Measuring phase-to-neutral/phase-to-phase voltage Y
6 Returning time 500 ms
7 Multiplier for PR> x1
8 Multiplier for P> x1

*Only one of the DIP-switches 1 - 3 shall be in „ON“-position at the same time.

TD_XP2-R_01.06_GB 13
Woodward SEG GmbH & Co. KG
Krefelder Weg 47 ⋅ D – 47906 Kempen (Germany)
Postfach 10 07 55 (P.O.Box) ⋅ D – 47884 Kempen (Germany)
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 1

Internet
Homepage http://www.woodward-seg.com
Documentation http://doc.seg-pp.com

Sales
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 635 ⋅ Telefax: +49 (0) 21 52 145 354
e-mail: [email protected]

Service
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 614 ⋅ Telefax: +49 (0) 21 52 145 455
e-mail: [email protected]