MMIC Antenna Amplifier With Bypass Switch: G. Kleine

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SMALL CIRCUITSCOLLECTION

output to IC1a by comparing the same two nodes with the


opposite input.
IC2 compares band-limited versions of the outputs and LT1720 LT1636
biases IC1a’s negative input. IC1a’s only degree of freedom to
respond is variation of pulse width; hence the outputs are + INA 1 8 VCC NULL 1 8 NULL
forced to 50% duty cycle. The circuit operates from 2.7 V to 6 V. – IN 2 7 V+
– INA 2 7 OUTA
When ‘scoping the oscillator output signal, a slight depend-
ence on comparator loading, will be noted, so equal and resis- – INB 3 6 OUTB + IN 3 6 OUT
tive loading should be used in critical applications. The circuit V– 4 5 SHDN
+ INB 4 5 GND
works well because of the two matched delays and rail-to-rail
outputs of the LT1720.
(004013-1)

034 MMIC Antenna Amplifier with Bypass Switch


G. Kleine
3V
Specifications for receiver frontends, converters and detectors
are generally very demanding. On the one hand they need to R ID
have high sensitivity and low noise to amplify small input sig- 56Ω 10mA
ID
nals while on the other, they must be able to handle large 22Ω 20mA MGA-72543
input signals without distortion or overdriving subsequent 1n
8Ω2 40mA
stages. A solution to this problem is provided by the 100nH
MGA72543 GaAs-RFIC. This IC contains a low noise RF pre-
3 G D 2
amp that, at high signal levels, can be bypassed altogether
with internal switches. 100p 100p

This IC provides an amplification factor of 14 dB over the S


frequency range of 100 MHz to 6 GHz with a noise figure of 1 4
R
less than 2 dB. With the amplifier bypassed the insertion loss
is 2.5 dB. The operating voltage is between +2.7 V and +4.2 V
and the input and output are matched to 50 Ω. The value of
10k

LNA BYPASS
supply current to the device controls the input signal handling 1n
characteristics. At operating currents of 40 to 50 mA, the out- 004117 - 11
put power at 1 dB gain compression (P1dB) is +16 dBm, while
at 10 mA operating current this figure is +8 dBm.
Biasing the MGA72543 is similar to using a discrete GaAs MGA-72543 witho bias resistor R effec-
FET, the DC levels at the input (gate) and output (drain) are tively acts as a short circuit at
GATE 3 1 SOURCE
calculated to produce the desired operating current (10 - RF, ensuring that R is seen as
50 mA). A gate bias method can be used but needs a negative SOURCE 4 2 DRAIN a short circuit. The switch is
voltage, this is only convenient if a negative voltage is avail- SOT-343 used to put the device into
able elsewhere in the circuit. The more usual method and the bypass mode by open circuit-
one described here is to use a resistor in the source lead to set ing the source resistor. The
the operating point. Negative feedback in this configuration operating current then drops to near zero.
controls the drain current. The DC path to the gate is relatively (004117)
high impedance and an RF choke is used to isolate the RF sig-
nal from the DC supply. The 1 nF capacitor connected in parallel Internet Address: www.agilent.com

035 Precision Voltage to Current Converter


H. Bonekamp In such a system a precision converter is required to trans-
In measurement and control systems a common method of late the measured values (typically in the form of a voltage
sending control or measurement data over long distances is level) into a current on the loop i.e. a current source controlled
by means of a ‘current loop’ using two wires. This system con- by a voltage.
verts the measurement values into corresponding current lev- IC1b together with T1, R5–R8 and P2 form an instrumenta-
els on the two wire loop. tion amplifier, this amplifier controls the voltage across resis-

84 Elektor Electronics 12/2000

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