Understanding Your Parts Cleanliness Report
Understanding Your Parts Cleanliness Report
Understanding Your Parts Cleanliness Report
RTI
Laboratories
has
been
offering
parts
cleanliness
testing
as
a
service
for
well
over
a
decade.
Back
when
we
first
started
offering
this
service
it
was
mostly
in
support
of
assessing
background
data
for
automotive
powertrain
components.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
I
think
we
probably
cleaned
and
assessed
every
single
part
number
in
a
certain
German
OEM
diesel
engine
compartment
per
the
DBL
6516
specification.
We
utilized
cleaning
technology
still
used
and
specified
today,
however
back
then,
assessing
particle
sizes
was
largely
a
manual
procedure
involving
isolation
of
particles
on
a
filter
and
performing
analysis
by
manually
observing
and
counting
particle
sizes
and
composition
via
the
microscopic
ocular
or
image
analysis.
In
the
early
days,
the
automated
imaging
systems
were
available,
but
the
methodologies,
software
algorithms
and
hardware
were
not
that
good
and
still
required
a
large
amount
of
interaction
to
“vet”
automated
data.
In
the
recent
years,
however,
the
technology
has
advanced
from
the
hardware
and
software
side
such
that
every
major
microscope
manufacturer
offers
a
particle
counting
and
sizing
solution;
and
they
are
all
very
good,
and
rival
those
solutions
offered
by
the
dedicated
counting
solution
manufacturers
of
the
past
such
as
Filtrex
(GT
Vision)
and
Jomesa.
In
addition,
we
have
found
that
many
of
the
automotive
OEM
standards
currently
being
supported
and
written
have
adopted
much
more
“standard”
practices
as
described
in
what
we
feel
are
the
“master”
cleanliness
specifications
of
ISO
16232
and
VDA
19.
We
evaluated
several
solutions
for
introducing
automated
sizing
and
counting
solutions
to
this
lab
and
selected
the
Zeiss
solution
for
our
needs.
As
a
commercial
testing
lab
assessing
cleanliness
per
literally
hundreds
of
specifications,
we
needed
a
solution
that
technologically
met
the
requirements
as
specified
in
ISO
16232
and
VDA
19,
yet
was
adaptable
to
the
nuances
of
the
other
specifications,
particularly
in
reporting.
We
felt
that
the
Zeiss
AxioZoom
v16
hardware
and
AxioVision
Particle
Analyzer
software
met
our
and
our
customer’s
needs
perfectly.
The
object
of
this
article
is
to
help
our
clients
and
perspective
clients
understand
the
data
that
is
provided
in
a
standard
cleanliness
report
such
that
compliance
with
the
contracted
specifications
are
extractable
from
the
dataset.
We
will
provide
sample
datasets
with
a
description
of
the
parameters
located
on
the
respective
pages.
Finally
we
will
delve
into
the
reporting
detail
and
nuances
of
ISO
16232
and
VDA
19
such
that
the
“codes”
reported
have
meaning
to
the
reader.
Page
1
of
the
report
shows
the
information
specific
to
the
part
being
tested.
Information
provided
in
location
(A)
is
specific
to
the
normalization
of
data
per
either
the
tested
wetted
surface
area
of
contact
volume.
Information
provided
in
location
(B)
is
an
image
of
the
tested
part
if
requested.
Page
2
of
the
report
shows
both
the
gravimetric
data
(the
mass
of
the
debris
removed
from
the
part)
as
well
as
the
specific
conditions
governing
the
light
microscopic
analysis
of
the
debris
field.
The
information
provided
at
location
C)
is
the
filter
weight
before
and
after
filtration
as
well
as
the
resulting
mass
of
the
isolated
particulate.
The
information
provided
in
location
D
is
critical
to
determining
whether
the
analysis
system
meets
the
technical
requirements
of
ISO
16232
and
VDA
19.
This
value
must
present
at
1.00
or
lesser
for
meeting
the
technical
requirements
for
resolving
particles
5
microns
or
greater
(for
reporting
down
to
class
B).
Page
3
of
the
report
details
the
resulting
CCC
codes
for
the
analysis
performed.
Information
provided
at
location
(E)
is
the
raw
counts
determined
for
each
particle
class
(B
through
N)
and
each
particle
type
(metallic,
non-‐metallic,
fibers,
and
total
of
metallic
plus
non-‐metallic).
Information
provided
at
location
(F)
is
the
CCC
code
normalized
to
“per
component”
for
analysis
that
is
specified
as
CCC=N
and
where
more
than
1
component
was
used
in
analysis.
Note
that
no
particle
quantity
lookup
codes
are
provided
when
reporting
CCC=N.
Information
provided
at
location
(G)
is
the
CCC
code
normalized
to
1000cm2
for
analysis
that
is
specified
as
CCC=A
and
wetted
surface
area
used
in
analysis
is
different
than
1000cm2.
The
information
provided
at
location
H
is
the
CCC
code
normalized
to
100ml
for
analysis
that
is
specified
as
CCC=V
and
where
contained
volume
used
in
analysis
is
different
than
100ml.
Page
5
of
the
report
starts
the
image
gallery
of
the
largest
2
particles
of
each
particle
type
identified
(specifically
non-‐metallic
and
metallic).
The
information
provided
at
locations
(I)
are
the
actually
magnified
images
with
the
outline
used
for
the
sizing
parameters.
The
information
provided
at
location
(J)
is
the
index
number
(the
particle
number
as
recorded
by
the
database),
and
the
particle
type
as
classified.
The
information
provided
at
location
(K)
is
the
sizing
parameters
recorded
for
ferret
maximum
and
ferret
minimum.
Note
that
ferret
maximum
is
the
parameter
used
to
classify
the
particle
size.
Page
6
of
the
report
is
a
continuation
of
the
particle
gallery
for
the
two
largest
particles
classified
as
fibers
as
imaged
and
shown
at
location
(L).
Finally
page
7
shows
the
mosaic
constructed
image
of
the
entire
filter
pad
analyzed.
The
image
shown
at
location
(M)
is
the
stitch
result
of
over
200
images
placed
together
for
the
overall
analysis.
This
is
a
permanent
record
in
the
database
for
any
further
image
analysis
that
needs
to
be
performed.
The
information
shown
at
location
(N)
is
the
area
%
occupancy
rate
of
particles
versus
the
filter
surface
area.
As
seen
with
the
CCC
codes
on
page
3,
the
data
is
provided
as
raw
counts,
results
for
CCC=N,
CCC=A,
and
CCC=V
where
applicable.
The
resulting
particle
size
classes
as
taken
from
ISO
16232-‐10
are
provided
in
the
following
lookup
table:
The
value
following
the
class
letter
in
the
results
are
the
quantity
cleanliness
levels
from
the
ISO
16232-‐10
lookup
table
when
reporting
CCC=A
and
CCC=V
values.
This
table
is
shown
below:
When
we
use
these
lookup
tables
to
apply
to
the
data
reported
on
page
3
for
a
specification
that
required
CCC=A,
we
get
the
example
as
below.
From page 3 or CCC=A report for all particles (not including fibers) is:
CCC(A) = B12/C10/D9/E7/F4/G3/H0/I-‐N00
Since
our
analysis
was
performed
on
816
cm2
wetted
surface
area,
the
software
algorithm
has
applied
a
“normalization
factor”
to
the
raw
particle
counts.
This
normalization
factor
is
x1000/816.
The
normalization
is
done
and
then
the
normalized
values
from
the
lookup
tables
are
applied.
So
in
class
B
(5-‐15
microns)
we
have
cleanliness
level
12
or
between
2000
and
4000
particles.
In
class
C
(15-‐25
microns)
we
have
cleanliness
level
10
or
between
500
and
1000
particles.
In
class
D
(25-‐50
microns)
we
have
cleanliness
level
9
or
between
250
and
500
particles.
So
on
and
so
forth
until
we
hit
class
I
and
above
(>400
microns)
we
have
0
particles.
Note
the
difference
in
cleanliness
level
0
(where
up
to
1
particle
is
allowed)
and
cleanliness
level
00
(where
0
particles
are
allowed).
Hopefully
the
above
discussion
can
help
understand
the
reports
as
supplied
to
you.
Since
information
provided
is
considerably
standard
and
required
per
ISO
16232
and
VDA
19,
this
discussion
may
also
be
helpful
in
understanding
reports
obtained
from
other
laboratories
as
well.
However
we
understand
that
nuances
and
specification
are
dynamic,
therefore
please
contact
us
with
any
additional
questions.
Lloyd
Kaufman
is
the
Director
of
Materials
Sciences
at
RTI
Laboratories,
and
has
been
performing
particle
analysis
and
parts
cleanliness
testing
for
a
good
chunk
of
25
years.