K-12 Localization

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Localization and Contextualization in Teaching K-12 Social Studies

One of the key features of the K-12 Social Studies (Araling Panlipunan) curriculum is the
delivery of lessons through localization and contextualization. The principle of localization
and contextualization is not new to DepEd teachers for it is already embedded in our
mission which states “To protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality,
equitable, culture-based, and complete basic education…” Also, the concept of
localization and contextualization is being stipulated in the provisions of our 1987
Philippine Constitution particularly on Article XIV, Section 14 of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution which states that “The State shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and
dynamic evolution of a Filipino national culture based on the principle of unity in diversity
in a climate of free artistic and intellectual expression” and Article XIV, Section 5. (1),which
states that “The State shall take into account regional and sectoral needs and conditions
and shall encourage local planning in the development of educational policies and
programs.”
Technically speaking, localization is the process of adapting and relating the content of
the curriculum and the process of teaching and learning to local condition, environment,
and resources. Meanwhile, contextualization is the process of presenting lesson in
meaningful and relevant context based on previous experiences and real-life situations.
In commonality, both adhere in making the lesson flexible, fit, creative, relevant,
meaningful, and adaptive to students’ level of understanding and instructional needs.
The concept of localization and contextualization falls on the idea that students learned
best when experiences in the classroom have meanings and relevance in their lives.
Things students do and associated with them are the learning that last forever. Applying
the rule for learning by doing, applied learning, and manipulative learning is also a must
in executing localization and contextualization in teaching.If students were put in an actual
learning environment letting them to manipulate, relate, and adapt to various learning
opportunities and resources available within the locality or community, profound learning
will be assured and realized. It helps teachers and students comprehend concepts by
relating and presenting lesson on the context of prevailing local environment, culture, and
resources. Hence, lessons are becoming more real-life, customized, and appropriate.
But, we have to keep in mind that not all lessons in Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies)
can be localized and contextualized. Teachers should not compromise the concept and
content of the lesson just for the sake of making contextualized and localized version of
it. Learning standards and competencies should always precede contextualization and
localization. In some instances, localization and contextualization defeat the goals of the
lessons due to concepts and contents that were overtly localized and contextualized,
resulting to mislead and overdo lesson.
Nonetheless, teachers should be adaptive and creative in using localization and
contextualization in teaching. Such principles were made and adapted in the academe to
make the curriculum responds, conforms, reflects, and be flexible to the needs of the
learners, especially the 21st century learners who need to be holistically and skillfully
developed. Yes, it is true that sometimes we understand more the concepts by relating
them to ideas that we can easily comprehend, appreciate, and relate in our lives, but the
standards of quality and relevant education should always be considered all the times
and should not be compromised just for the sake of localized and contextualized lesson.

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