INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART

www.stratigraphy.org International Commission on Stratigraphy v 2017/02

MEGHALAYAN NORTHGRIPPIAN GREENLANDIAN
on

on

on
od

od

od
ste / Era

ste / Era

ste / Era
a th m / E

a th m / E

a th m / E
e ri

e ri

e ri
HOLOCENE START ON
/P

/P

/P
11 THSOUAND 7 HUNDRED YEAR
em

em

em
e

e
m

m
o th

o th

o th
GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP
GSSA
numerical numerical numerical Eonothem numerical
n

n
Series / Epoch Stage / Age age (Ma) Series / Epoch Stage / Age Series / Epoch Stage / Age / Eon Erathem / Era System / Period
Eo

Eo

Eo
age (Ma) age (Ma) age (Ma)
Sy

Sy

Sy
Er

Er

Er
present ~ 145.0 358.9 ± 0.4 541.0 ±1.0
Holocene Ediacaran
Neogene 20.45 Quaternary

0.0117 Tithonian
~ 635

56.0
Upper 152.1 ±0.9 Famennian Neo-

60.3
0.126 Upper Kimmeridgian Cryogenian
Middle 157.3 ±1.0 Upper proterozoic ~ 720
Pleistocene 0.781 372.2 ±1.6
Oxfordian

Proterozoic 1959 Ma
Calabrian Tonian
1.80 163.5 ±1.0 Frasnian 1000
Gelasian Callovian 166.1 ±1.2

Devonian
Stenian

Jurassic
2.58 Bathonian 382.7 ±1.6
Middle 168.3 ±1.3
Piacenzian Bajocian Givetian 1200
Pliocene 3.600 170.3 ±1.4
Middle 387.7 ±0.8 Meso-
Zanclean Aalenian proterozoic Ectasian
5.333 Eifelian
66.0

174.1 ±1.0 1400

Messinian 7.246 Toarcian 393.3 ±1.2 Calymmian
Tortonian 182.7 ±0.7 1600
11.63 Emsian

Mesozoic
Lower Pliensbachian Statherian
Serravallian 13.82 190.8 ±1.0 Lower 407.6 ±2.6
1800
Pragian
CDCJCTP

Miocene 410.8 ±2.8

Precambrian
Langhian Sinemurian Orosirian
Cenozoic

15.97
199.3 ±0.3 Lochkovian Paleo-
Burdigalian Hettangian 201.3 ±0.2 419.2 ±3.2 proterozoic 2050
20.44 Rhyacian

Silurian 24.6
Aquitanian
Triassic 50.62 Rhaetian Pridoli
23.03 ~ 208.5 423.0 ±2.3 2300
Ludfordian 425.6 ±0.9
Chattian Ludlow Siderian
27.82 Gorstian
Oligocene Upper Norian 427.4 ±0.5
Paleogene 42.97

2500
Rupelian Wenlock Homerian 430.5 ±0.7 Neo-

Archean 1500
33.9 ~ 227 Sheinwoodian 433.4 ±0.8 archean
Cretaceous > Devonian > Carboniferous > Jurassic > Cambrian > Triassic > Permian

Priabonian Carnian Telychian 2800

37.8 ~ 237 Meso-
Bartonian Llandovery 438.5 ±1.1
41.2 Ladinian Aeronian 440.8 ±1.2 archean
Middle ~ 242
Phanerozoic

Phanerozoic

Phanerozoic
Eocene Lutetian Rhuddanian 443.8 ±1.5 3200

Paleozoic
Anisian Hirnantian
47.8 247.2 445.2 ±1.4 Paleo-

Ordovician 41.6
Lower Olenekian 251.2
Ypresian Induan 251.902 ±0.024 Upper Katian archean
56.0 Changhsingian 453.0 ±0.7 3600
Thanetian 254.14 ±0.07
47.0

59.2 Lopingian Wuchiapingian Sandbian Eo-

Paleocene Selandian 259.1 ±0.5 458.4 ±0.9 archean
61.6
Danian Capitanian Darriwilian 4000
265.1 ±0.4 Middle
66.0 Guadalupian 467.3 ±1.1
Wordian Dapingian Hadean
Permian

Maastrichtian 268.8 ±0.5 470.0 ±1.4

72.1 ±0.2 Roadian 272.95 ±0.11 Floian ~ 4600
Lower
79.0 Ma

Campanian Kungurian 477.7 ±1.4 Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global
283.5 ±0.6 Tremadocian Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower
83.6 ±0.2 boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long
Upper Santonian 86.3 ±0.5 Artinskian 485.4 ±1.9
defined by Global Standard Stratigraphic Ages (GSSA). Charts and
Cisuralian 290.1 ±0.26 Stage 10 detailed information on ratified GSSPs are available at the website
Coniacian ~ 489.5
Sakmarian Furongian http://www.stratigraphy.org. The URL to this chart is found below.
Paleozoic

89.8 ±0.3 Jiangshanian

295.0 ±0.18
Pennsylvanian 24.3

Turonian Asselian ~ 494 Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in
Cretaceous

Paibian
Cambrian 55.6
93.9 298.9 ±0.15 ~ 497
Mesozoic

the Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries
Cenomanian Upper Gzhelian 303.7 ±0.1
Guzhangian in the Phanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained
Carboniferous 60

100.5 Kasimovian ~ 500.5 numerical ages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided.
307.0 ±0.1 Series 3 Drumian
Albian Middle Moscovian ~ 504.5 Numerical ages for all systems except Lower Pleistocene, Upper
~ 113.0 315.2 ±0.2 Stage 5 Paleogene, Cretaceous, Triassic, Permian and Precambrian are
~ 509 taken from ‘A Geologic Time Scale 2012’ by Gradstein et al. (2012);
Aptian Lower Bashkirian Stage 4 those for the Lower Pleistocene, Upper Paleogene, Cretaceous,
323.2 ±0.4 ~ 514 Triassic, Permian and Precambrian were provided by the relevant
~ 125.0 Series 2
Upper Serpukhovian Stage 3 ICS subcommissions.
35.7Mississippian

Barremian 330.9 ±0.2 Colouring follows the Commission for the

Lower ~ 129.4 ~ 521 Geological Map of the World (http://www.ccgm.org)
Hauterivian Middle Visean Stage 2
~ 132.9
~ 529 Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, D.A.T. Harper, P.L. Gibbard
Valanginian 346.7 ±0.4 Terreneuvian (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, February 2017
~ 139.8
Lower Tournaisian Fortunian To cite: Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2013; updated)
Berriasian The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes 36: 199-204.
~ 145.0 358.9 ±0.4 541.0 ±1.0
URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2017-02.pdf
Akash Mahanandia , Government Degree College Sundargarh, Dept. Of Geology 2016 Batch