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    (Iii) Rational Numbers: Ational Umbers

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    Lokendra
    Rational numbers include integers and can be written as fractions p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The document shows that: 1) The sum of two rational numbers is again a rational number, so rational numbers are closed under addition. 2) The difference and product of two rational numbers are also rational numbers, so rational numbers are closed under subtraction and multiplication. 3) Rational numbers are not closed under division since the division of two integers may result in a non-integer value.

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    (Iii) Rational Numbers: Ational Umbers

    Uploaded by

    Lokendra
    14 views1 page
    Rational numbers include integers and can be written as fractions p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The document shows that: 1) The sum of two rational numbers is again a rational number, so rational numbers are closed under addition. 2) The difference and product of two rational numbers are also rational numbers, so rational numbers are closed under subtraction and multiplication. 3) Rational numbers are not closed under division since the division of two integers may result in a non-integer value.

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    Rational numbers include integers and can be written as fractions p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The document shows that: 1) The sum of two rational numbers is again a rational number, so rational numbers are closed under addition. 2) The difference and product of two rational numbers are also rational numbers, so rational numbers are closed under subtraction and multiplication. 3) Rational numbers are not closed under division since the division of two integers may result in a non-integer value.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    14 views1 page

    (Iii) Rational Numbers: Ational Umbers

    Uploaded by

    Lokendra
    Rational numbers include integers and can be written as fractions p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The document shows that: 1) The sum of two rational numbers is again a rational number, so rational numbers are closed under addition. 2) The difference and product of two rational numbers are also rational numbers, so rational numbers are closed under subtraction and multiplication. 3) Rational numbers are not closed under division since the division of two integers may result in a non-integer value.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    RATIONAL NUMBERS 3

    – 6 – (– 8) = 2, an integer
    Is 8 – (– 6) an integer?
    In general, for any two integers
    a and b, a – b is again an integer.
    Check if b – a is also an integer.
    Multiplication 5 × 8 = 40, an integer Integers are closed under
    Is – 5 × 8 an integer? multiplication.
    – 5 × (– 8) = 40, an integer
    In general, for any two integers
    a and b, a × b is also an integer.
    5
    Division 5 ÷8= , which is not Integers are not closed
    8
    under division.
    an integer.

    You have seen that whole numbers are closed under addition and multiplication but
    not under subtraction and division. However, integers are closed under addition, subtraction
    and multiplication but not under division.
    (iii) Rational numbers
    p
    Recall that a number which can be written in the form q , where p and q are integers
    2 6
    and q ≠ 0 is called a rational number. For example, − , are all rational
    3 7
    p
    numbers. Since the numbers 0, –2, 4 can be written in the form q , they are also
    rational numbers. (Check it!)
    (a) You know how to add two rational numbers. Let us add a few pairs.
    3 ( −5) 21 + ( − 40) − 19
    + = = (a rational number)
    8 7 56 56
    − 3 ( − 4) − 15 + ( −32)
    + = = ... Is it a rational number?
    8 5 40
    4 6
    + = ... Is it a rational number?
    7 11
    We find that sum of two rational numbers is again a rational number. Check it
    for a few more pairs of rational numbers.
    We say that rational numbers are closed under addition. That is, for any
    two rational numbers a and b, a + b is also a rational number.
    (b) Will the difference of two rational numbers be again a rational number?
    We have,
    −5 2 −5 × 3 – 2 × 7 −29
    − = = (a rational number)
    7 3 21 21

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