Example 2: Solution:: Find We Have

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10 MATHEMATICS

We can also solve it as.


3  −6   −8  5
+ + +
7  11   21  22

 3  −8    −6 5 
=  +   +  +  (by using commutativity and associativity)
 7  21    11 22 
 9 + ( −8)   −12 + 5 
= +
 21   22 
(LCM of 7 and 21 is 21; LCM of 11 and 22 is 22)

1  −7  22 − 147 −125
= +  = =
21  22  462 462
Do you think the properties of commutativity and associativity made the calculations easier?
− 4 3 15  −14 
Example 2: Find × × × 
5 7 16  9 
Solution: We have
− 4 3 15  −14 
× × × 
5 7 16  9 

 4 × 3   15 × ( −14) 
= −
 5 × 7   16 × 9 
×

−12  −35  −12 × ( −35) 1


= × = =
35  24  35 × 24 2
We can also do it as.
− 4 3 15  −14 
× × × 
5 7 16  9 

 − 4 15   3  −14  
=  × × ×  (Using commutativity and associativity)
5 16   7  9  

−3  −2  1
= ×  =
4  3  2

1.2.4 The role of zero (0)


Look at the following.
2+0=0+2=2 (Addition of 0 to a whole number)
– 5 + 0 = ... + ... = – 5 (Addition of 0 to an integer)
−2  − 2  −2
+ ... = 0 +  = (Addition of 0 to a rational number)
7  7  7

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