Chemistry:: Oxidation and Reduction Reaction

Chemistry:
Oxidation and reduction reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer
of electrons, hydrogen atoms or oxygen atoms between two species. We can use some of these
reactions and electrolysis - an electrochemical process in which current is passed between two
electrodes through an ionized solution (electrolyte).
It deposits positive ions (cations) on the negative electrode (cathode) and negative ions (anions)
on the positive electrode (anode). & it depends on the oxidation-reduction reactions – in some
industrial processes such as
1-extraction of metals. (For example : Fe20 3 is reduced to iron using coke “ Fe2O3 (s) +
3C(s) à 2Fe (s) + 3CO (g) “ .. In addition to other metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium,
magnesium, calcium, etc. )
2- Electrochemical cells or batteries. (like in the storage cells & the oxidation-reduction
reaction of hydrogen and oxygen - which are electrochemical cells using oxygen and hydrogen
electrodes- in fuel cells to obtain electrical energy )
3-Production of chemicals (Chlorine and sodium hydroxide are produced by the electrolysis of
brine -a solution of NaCl in water- in addition to the caustic soda and fluorine )
4-Electroplating (Electroplating used for coating metal objects with a thin layer of a different
metal, often to make them more corrosion resistant and more attractive.
For example, many car parts are plated with chromium to make them resistant to corrosion).
Physics:
Magnetism and magnetic fields are used very widely across a diverse number of
industries
there are number of different types of industrial magnets including magnetic sheeting, rubber
magnets, ferrite, samarium, neodymium, electromagnets, and permanent magnets. The industries
that most commonly use industrial magnets are automobile, electronics, shipping, construction,
mining, food, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and glass and ceramics. Magnets have a diverse number of
uses in these industries including facilitating production, generating energy, and for implementing
industry safeguards.
For example :
Magnetic sweepers
they are used to maintain costs and eliminate flat tires at airports, loading dock and work sites.
Separation
1- Various kinds of magnetic conveyors, plates, separators, pulleys and grates are used to separate
impure, ferrous material from high volume industrial flow.
2-Similar magnets are also used to recover ferrous objects from ocean depths.
Sortation
1-Magnets can also be used for sorting magnetic material from non-magnetic material.
2- Magnets are used in the mining industry to separate metals from ore.
3-.food manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies use a variety of magnets, including

magnetic drums, magnetic grids and magnetic tubes. Magnetic grids and magnetic drums are
often placed in chutes and hoppers to remove contaminants, while magnetic tubes are used to
capture iron and other potential contaminants as the foodstuffs and pharmaceutical ingredients
pass through them.
4-they are used to remove impurities from the ingredients materials before they are used to
manufacture the plastic and glass products we use every day.
5-Magnets are used in the manufacture of ceramics in order to remove metallic impurities.
These impurities could reduce the quality of the finished ceramics,
Geology
use different geologic evidences (surface and subsurface) , cross sections and maps to interpret
and recognize the geologic history of Egypt so that I know the different minerals and rocks that
exist in the crust and use them for the industrial purposes
For ex.
1-The places from the Archean age would have manganese, gold and iron in their rocks
2-The first age would have sand and carbon
3- the 2nd age would have phosphate , iron and coal
4- the 3rd age would have limestone that is used in cement industry
Mechanics
determine the amount of energy transferred to the machines used in the industrial processes
and the rate at which that energy is transferred (power), including P=W/t, & P=Fvcos(theta) and
by calculating the power dissipated from them we can put a solution for decreasing the needed
energy so that we decrease the cost of the process
Computer science:
the different types of networks ( Lan – local area network - , Man - metropolitan area network - ,
wan – wide area network -) can be used in factories to connect the whole process and the
workers instead of the traditional ways that can cost more

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Chemistry:

3-.food manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies use a variety of magnets, including

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