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    AFMC 2015 Syllabus For Biology

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    niharika
    The document outlines the 10 units that make up the AFMC MBBS syllabus for biology, covering topics such as diversity of life, cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, plant and animal structure and function, ecology, environmental issues, biology and human welfare, and biotechnology applications. Some of the key areas covered include classification of organisms, cell organelles and their functions, DNA structure and gene expression, evolution theory, plant tissue systems and functions like photosynthesis, animal digestive and circulatory systems, ecological concepts like food chains, biodiversity conservation, and uses of biotechnology including genetic engineering of crops.

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    AFMC 2015 Syllabus For Biology

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    niharika
    38 views4 pages
    The document outlines the 10 units that make up the AFMC MBBS syllabus for biology, covering topics such as diversity of life, cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, plant and animal structure and function, ecology, environmental issues, biology and human welfare, and biotechnology applications. Some of the key areas covered include classification of organisms, cell organelles and their functions, DNA structure and gene expression, evolution theory, plant tissue systems and functions like photosynthesis, animal digestive and circulatory systems, ecological concepts like food chains, biodiversity conservation, and uses of biotechnology including genetic engineering of crops.

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    AFMC 2015 Syllabus for Biology

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    The document outlines the 10 units that make up the AFMC MBBS syllabus for biology, covering topics such as diversity of life, cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, plant and animal structure and function, ecology, environmental issues, biology and human welfare, and biotechnology applications. Some of the key areas covered include classification of organisms, cell organelles and their functions, DNA structure and gene expression, evolution theory, plant tissue systems and functions like photosynthesis, animal digestive and circulatory systems, ecological concepts like food chains, biodiversity conservation, and uses of biotechnology including genetic engineering of crops.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    38 views4 pages

    AFMC 2015 Syllabus For Biology

    Uploaded by

    niharika
    The document outlines the 10 units that make up the AFMC MBBS syllabus for biology, covering topics such as diversity of life, cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, plant and animal structure and function, ecology, environmental issues, biology and human welfare, and biotechnology applications. Some of the key areas covered include classification of organisms, cell organelles and their functions, DNA structure and gene expression, evolution theory, plant tissue systems and functions like photosynthesis, animal digestive and circulatory systems, ecological concepts like food chains, biodiversity conservation, and uses of biotechnology including genetic engineering of crops.

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    of 4

    AFMC MBBS Syllabus

    AFMC MBBS Exam Syllabus for BIOLOGY (BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY)

    Unit 1 : Diversity in Living World


    Biology its meaning and relevance to mankind
    What is living; Taxonomic categories and aids (Botanical gardens, herbaria, museums, zoological
    parks); Systematics and Binomial system of nomenclature.
    Introductory classification of living organisms (Two-kingdom system, Five-kingdom system);
    Major groups of each kingdom alongwith their salient features (Monera, including Archaebacteria
    and Cyanobacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia); Viruses; Lichens
    Plant kingdom Salient features of major groups (Algae to Angiosperms);
    Animal kingdom Salient features of Nonchordates up to phylum, and Chordates up to class level.
    Unit 2 : Cell : The Unit of Life ; Structure and Function
    Cell wall; Cell membrane; Endomembrane system (ER, Golgi apparatus/Dictyosome, Lysosomes,
    Vacuoles); Mitochondria; Plastids; Ribosomes; Cytoskeleton; Cilia and Flagella; Centrosome and
    Centriole; Nucleus; Microbodies.
    Structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and between plant and animal cells.
    Cell cycle (various phases); Mitosis; Meiosis.
    Biomolecules Structure and function of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic
    acids. Enzymes Chemical nature, types, properties and mechanism of action.
    Unit 3 : Genetics and Evolution
    Mendelian inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Gene interaction; Incomplete
    dominance; Co-dominance; Complementary genes; Multiple alleles;
    Linkage and Crossing over; Inheritance patterns of hemophilia and blood groups in humans.
    DNA its organization and replication; Transcription and Translation; Gene expression and
    regulation; DNA fingerprinting.
    Theories and evidences of evolution, including modern Darwinism.

    Unit 4 : Structure and Function Plants


    Morphology of a flowering plant; Tissues and tissue systems in plants;
    Anatomy and function of root, stem(including modifications), leaf, inflorescence, flower
    (including position and arrangement of different whorls, placentation), fruit and seed; Types of
    fruit; Secondary growth;
    Absorption and movement of water (including diffusion, osmosis and water relations of cell) and
    of nutrients; Translocation of food; Transpiration and gaseous exchange; Mechanism of stomatal
    movement.
    Mineral nutrition Macro- and micro-nutrients in plants including deficiency disorders; Biological
    nitrogen fixation mechanism.
    Photosynthesis Light reaction, cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; Various pathways of
    carbon dioxide fixation; Photorespiration; Limiting factors .
    Respiration Anaerobic, Fermentation, Aerobic; Glycolysis, TCA cycle; Electron transport
    system; Energy relations.
    Unit : 5 Structure and Function - Animals
    Tissues;
    Elementary knowledge of morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems of earthworm,
    cockroach and frog.
    Human Physiology Digestive system - organs, digestion and absorption; Respiratory system
    organs, breathing and exchange and transport of gases. Body fluids and circulation Blood,
    lymph, double circulation, regulation of cardiac activity; Hypertension, Coronary artery diseases.
    Excretion system Urine formation, regulation of kidney function
    Locomotion and movement Skeletal system, joints, muscles, types of movement.
    Control and co-ordination Central and peripheral nervous systems, structure and function of
    neuron, reflex action and sensory reception; Role of various types of endocrine glands; Mechanism
    of hormone action.

    Unit : 6 Reproduction, Growth and Movement in Plants


    Asexual methods of reproduction; Sexual Reproduction - Development of male and female
    gametophytes; Pollination (Types and agents); Fertilization; Development of embryo, endosperm,
    seed and fruit (including parthenocarpy and apomixis).
    Growth and Movement Growth phases; Types of growth regulators and their role in seed
    dormancy, germination and movement; Apical dominance; Senescence; Abscission; Photoperiodism; Vernalisation; Various types of movements.
    Unit 7 : Reproduction and Development in Humans
    Male and female reproductive systems; Menstrual cycle; Gamete production; Fertilisation;
    Implantation; Embryo development; Pregnancy and parturition; Birth control and contraception.
    Unit 8 : Ecology and Environment
    Meaning of ecology, environment, habitat and niche.
    Ecological levels of organization (organism to biosphere); Characteristics of Species, Population,
    Biotic Community and Ecosystem; Succession and Climax.
    Ecosystem Biotic and abiotic components; Ecological pyramids; Food chain and Food web;
    Energy flow; Major types of ecosystems including agroecosystem.
    Ecological adaptations Structural and physiological features in plants and animals of aquatic and
    desert habitats.
    Biodiversity Meaning, types and conservation strategies (Biosphere reserves, National parks and
    Sanctuaries)
    Environmental Issues Air and Water Pollution (sources and major pollutants); Global warming
    and Climate change; Ozone depletion; Noise pollution; Radioactive pollution; Methods of
    pollution control (including an idea of bioremediation); Deforestation; Extinction of species (Hot
    Spots).
    Unit 9 : Biology and Human Welfare
    Animal husbandry Livestock, Poultry, Fisheries; Major animal diseases and their control.
    Pathogens of major communicable diseases of humans caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses,
    protozoans and helminths, and their control.

    Cancer; AIDS.
    Adolescence and drug/alcohol abuse;
    Basic concepts of immunology.
    Plant Breeding and Tissue Culture in crop improvement.
    Biofertilisers (green manure, symbiotic and free-living nitrogen-fixing microbes, mycorrhizae);
    Biopesticides (micro-organisms as biocontrol agents for pests and pathogens); Bioherbicides;
    Microorganisms as pathogens of plant diseases with special reference to rust and smut of wheat,
    bacterial leaf blight of rice, late blight of potato, bean mosaic, and root - knot of vegetables.
    Bioenergy Hydrocarbon - rich plants as substitute of fossil fuels.
    Unit 10 : Biotechnology and its Applications
    Microbes as ideal system for biotechnology;
    Microbial technology in food processing, industrial production (alcohol, acids, enzymes,
    antibiotics), sewage treatment and energy generation.
    Steps in recombinant DNA technology restriction enzymes, DNA insertion by vectors and other
    methods, regeneration of recombinants.
    Applications of R-DNA technology. In human health Production of Insulin, Vaccines and Growth
    hormones, Organ transplant, Gene therapy. In Industry Production of expensive enzymes, strain
    improvement to scale up bioprocesses. In Agriculture GM crops by transfer of genes for nitrogen
    fixation, herbicide-resistance and pest-resistance including Bt crops.

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