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    A IAI: Vectors

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    niharika
    1) A vector quantity requires both magnitude and direction to be fully described, while a scalar quantity only requires magnitude. 2) Vectors can be parallel, anti-parallel, or coplanar depending on the relationship between their directions. They can also be concurrent if they pass through a common point. 3) A unit vector has a magnitude of 1 and specifies only a direction, while a null or zero vector has a magnitude of zero.

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    A IAI: Vectors

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    niharika
    69 views2 pages
    1) A vector quantity requires both magnitude and direction to be fully described, while a scalar quantity only requires magnitude. 2) Vectors can be parallel, anti-parallel, or coplanar depending on the relationship between their directions. They can also be concurrent if they pass through a common point. 3) A unit vector has a magnitude of 1 and specifies only a direction, while a null or zero vector has a magnitude of zero.

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    1) A vector quantity requires both magnitude and direction to be fully described, while a scalar quantity only requires magnitude. 2) Vectors can be parallel, anti-parallel, or coplanar depending on the relationship between their directions. They can also be concurrent if they pass through a common point. 3) A unit vector has a magnitude of 1 and specifies only a direction, while a null or zero vector has a magnitude of zero.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    69 views2 pages

    A IAI: Vectors

    Uploaded by

    niharika
    1) A vector quantity requires both magnitude and direction to be fully described, while a scalar quantity only requires magnitude. 2) Vectors can be parallel, anti-parallel, or coplanar depending on the relationship between their directions. They can also be concurrent if they pass through a common point. 3) A unit vector has a magnitude of 1 and specifies only a direction, while a null or zero vector has a magnitude of zero.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    A Pre-Medical : Physics

    • ..•. •• ~LLI.
    B
    • • VECTORS
    Scalar Quantities
    A physical quantity which can be described completely by its magnitude only and does not require a direction is
    known as a scalar quantity. .
    It obeys the ordinary rules of algebra.

    Ex: Distance, mass, time, speed, density, volume, temperature, electric current etc.

    Vector Quantities
    A physical quantity which requires magnitude and a particular direction, when it is expressed.

    Ex.: Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force etc.


    y)

    A vector is represented by a line headed with an arrow. Its


    length is proportional to its magnitude.
    A is a vector.
    A=PQ
    Magnitude of A = IAI or A .1
    Types of vector
    ·1 Parallel Vectors :-
    Those vectors which have same direction are called parallel vectors. Angle • ..•.
    between two parallel vectors is always 0° • B

    • Equal Vectors
    Vectors which have equal magnitude and same direction are called equal
    vectors.

    • Anti-parallel Vectors :
    Those vectors which have opposite direction are called anti-parallel vector. Angle
    between two anti-parallel vectors is always 180°
    - "'
    Of
    >'

    §:I:
    Examp,le.
    +-- +-- (8 =
    ..,LIM------------
    (ii) --+ --+ (8 =
    0
    >;-
    0°) +-- --+ (8 (iv 0°)
    s::
    iE = 180°) ) --+ +-- (8 =
    ;<!'
    180°)
    ~
    :I:
    • Coplanar Vectors
    \,I Vectors located in the same plane are called coplanar vectors. Note:-

    \y'
    ~ Two vectors are always coplanar.
    §

    /'
    ~I

    8
    :5 • Concurrent vectors
    ~
    ~ Those vectors which pass through a common point are called concurrent vectors
    6
    13
    ~ In figure ii, band c are concurrent vectors.
    «±
    ~ ·2 Null or Zero Vector
    3
    i!: A vector having zero magnitude is called null vector.
    gN Note: Sum of two vectors is always a vector so, (A) + (-A) = 6 6 is a
    E zero vector or null vector.

    ·3 Unit Vector
    A vector having unit magnitude is called unit vector. It is used to specify direction. A unit vector is represented
    by A (Read as A cap or A hat or A caret).

    Unit vector in the direction of A is


    unit vector» __________V_e_c_to_r ____ l
    Magnitude
    ( of the vector)

    y
    Base Vectors
    In an XYZ co-ordinate frame there are three unit vectors i , j and k
    , these are used to indicate X, Y and Z directions respectively. These
    three unit vectors are mutually perpendicular to each other.

    • Negative (or Opposite) Vectors


    Vectors which have equal magnitude but opposite direction are
    ·4called negative
    Polar Vector
    vectors of each other.
    Vectors which have initial point or a point of application are called polar A------- ••
    AB and BA are negative vectors
    vectors. B
    A ...•••
    Ex.: Displacement, force etc.
    AB=-BA ---------B

    • ·5Co-initialAxial
    vector
    Vector
    Co-initial
    These vectors
    vectors are those
    are used vectors motion
    in rotational which have the same
    to define initialeffects.
    rotational point. In ~
    ..•.
    figure ii, band
    Direction c are
    of these co-initial
    vectors vectors.
    is always along the axis of rotation in a.ccordance a
    with right hand screw rule or right hand thumb rule.
    • Collinear
    Ex.: Vectors:angular displacement (d8), Angular velocity
    Infinitesimal
    The vectors lying in the same line are known as collinear vectors.
    (ill),

    18 •
    Angle between collinear vectors is either 0° or 180°.
    Angular momentum (J), Angular acceleration (li) and Torque en • 17

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