Designation: A 108 07

Standard Specification for

Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished1

This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

2.2 Other Documents:

SAE Handbook and SAE J1086 Recommended Practice for
Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)3
ISS Steel Bar Product Guidelines 4

1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers cold-finished carbon and alloy
steel bars produced in straight length and coil to chemical
compositions. Cold-finished bars are suitable for heat treatment, for machining into components, or for use in the
as-finished condition as shafting, or in constructional applications, or for other similar purposes (Note 1). Grades of steel are
identified by grade numbers or by chemical composition.
NOTE 1A guide for the selection of steel bars is contained in Practice
A 400.

1.2 Some end uses may require one or more of the available
designations shown under Supplementary Requirements.
Supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified
individually by the purchaser.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.

4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for cold-finished steel bar to this specification
should include the following items to adequately describe the
material:
4.1.1 Name of material,
4.1.2 ASTM specification number and date of issue,
4.1.3 Chemical composition, grade designation or limits,
4.1.4 Silicon level, if required,
4.1.5 Additional machinability-enhancing elements (see
Footnote F to Table 1 of Specification A 29/A 29M),
4.1.6 Condition (Surface Roughness tolerances listed in
Table A1.7),
4.1.7 Tolerance Levels (Reference tolerances listed in Table
A1.1 through Table A1.9),
4.1.8 Shape (round, hexagon, square, flat, etc.), size, and
length,
4.1.9 Report of heat analysis, if required,
4.1.10 End use,
4.1.11 Additions to the specification and special or supplementary requirements, if required, and
4.1.12 For coiled product, the coil weights, inside diameter,
outside diameter, and coil height limitations, when required.

2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2
A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,
Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
A 304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements
A 322 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A 400 Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical Properties
A 510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
A 576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought,
Special Quality

NOTE 2A typical ordering description is as follows: Steel Bar; ASTM

A 108, dated _____; SAE 1117; Coarse Grain; Cold Drawn; 1.500-in.

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.15 on Bars.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 108 03e1.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.

3
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
4
Available from ISS Customer Service, 410 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale,
PA, 15086.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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3. Terminology
3.1 Definition:
3.1.1 product tolerance levelscold-finished steel bar is
produced with up to four (4) increasingly tight tolerance levels,
for the individual product characteristics, dependent on the
method of manufacture necessary to meet purchaser-ordered
specification requirements. (Product Tolerance Level 1 is
selected, unless otherwise specified by purchaser.)

A 108 07

5. General Requirements
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Specification A 29/A 29M.

8. Tolerance Levels
8.1 Cold-Finished BarsThe permissible dimensional
variations for cold-finished carbon and alloy steel bar shall not
exceed the applicable tolerance levels or limits stated in Annex
A1 for inch-pound values.

6. Materials and Manufacture

6.1 FeedstockCold-finished steel bar shall be produced
from hot-wrought carbon or alloy steel bar (Specification
A 29/A 29M), or from hot-wrought rod designated for coldfinished bar (Specification A 510).
6.2 ConditionThe product shall be furnished in one of the
following conditions as specified by the purchaser.
6.2.1 Rounds:
6.2.1.1 Cold drawn,
6.2.1.2 Cold drawn, turned, and polished,
6.2.1.3 Cold drawn, ground, and polished,
6.2.1.4 Cold drawn, turned, ground, and polished,
6.2.1.5 Cold drawn, turned, and ground,
6.2.1.6 Hot wrought, turned, and polished,
6.2.1.7 Hot wrought, turned, ground and polished,
6.2.1.8 Hot wrought, turned, and ground, and
6.2.1.9 Hot wrought, rough turned.
6.2.2 Squares, Hexagons:
6.2.2.1 Cold drawn, and
6.2.2.2 Cold rolled.
6.2.3 Flats:
6.2.3.1 Cold drawn, and
6.2.3.2 Cold rolled.
6.2.4 Special Bar Sections:
6.2.4.1 Cold drawn, and
6.2.4.2 Cold rolled.
6.3 Heat Treatment:
6.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall be furnished
as cold-finished. Plain Carbon Steels with a maximum carbon
over 0.55 % and Alloy Steels with a maximum carbon over
0.38 % shall be annealed prior to cold finishing.
6.3.2 The following heat-treatment processes may be performed singularly or in combination:
6.3.2.1 Annealed,
6.3.2.2 Normalized,
6.3.2.3 Stress relieved, and
6.3.2.4 Quenched and tempered.

9. Workmanship, Finish, and Product Presentation

9.1 Workmanship:
9.1.1 Within the limits of good manufacturing and inspection practices, the bars shall be free of injurious imperfections
which, due to their nature, degree, or extent, will interfere with
the use of the material in machining or fabrication of suitable
parts.
9.1.2 Table A1.8 contains the recommended minimum stock
removal to ensure removal of surface discontinuities in cold
finished bars.
9.2 Finish:
9.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall have a
commercial bright smooth surface finish, obtained by conventional cold-finishing operations such as cold drawing or cold
rolling.
9.2.2 When a superior bar surface finish is required, bars
may be obtained as: turned and polished, ground and polished,
or turned, ground, and polished. (Reference Table A1.7)
9.2.3 Bars that are thermally treated after cold finishing may
exhibit a discolored or oxidized surface.
9.3 Product Presentation:
9.3.1 The bars shall be given a surface coating of oil or other
rust inhibitor to protect against corrosion during shipment.
9.3.2 The bar bundles shall be identified, packaged and
loaded to preserve the physical appearance, product tolerance
and identity of the cold-finished product, as agreed upon
between the purchaser and supplier.
10. Certification
10.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,
a manufacturers certification that the material was manufactured and tested in accordance with this specification together
with a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of
shipment.

7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Chemical Composition:

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11. Keywords
11.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; cold-finished; steel bar

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7.1.1 The chemical analysis of the steel shall conform to

that specified in Specification A 29/A 29M for the steel grade
ordered, or to such other limits as may be specified using the
standard ranges in Specification A 29/A 29M.
7.1.2 Steels may be selected from: Specifications A 29/
A 29M, A 304, A 322, A 510, and A 576; the SAE Handbook;
or the ISS Steel Bar Product Guideline for Bar Steel.
7.1.3 When a steels composition cannot be identified by a
standard grade number in accordance with 7.1.1 and 7.1.2, the
limits for each required element may be specified using the
chemical ranges shown in the table (Heat Analysis Chemical
Ranges and Limits of Carbon Steel Bars) of Specification
A 29/A 29M.

(38.10 mm) diameter round; 12 ft (3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis

Required; Precision Machined Parts.
NOTE 3A more complex ordering description is as follows: Steel Bar;
ASTM A 108, dated ____; SAE 1045; Fine Grain; Cold Drawn, Turned,
Ground and Polished; chamfer both ends; Mechanical Property Test
Results; Hardness test; 2.000-in. (50.80 mm) diameter round; 12 ft
(3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis Required; Precision Machined Parts.
Product codes allow you to abbreviate, yet identify a complex ordering
description in the following simplified description: Steel Bar: ASTM
A 108, dated ____; SAE 1045; Fine Grain; 2.000-in. (50.80 mm) diameter
round; 12 ft (3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis Required; Precision
Machined Parts.

A 108 07
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by
the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be
agreed upon in writing, by the manufacturer and the purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall in
no way negate any requirement of the specification itself.
S1. Hot Rolling Reduction Ratio
S1.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the reduction ratio of the initial Bloom/Billet cross
sectional area to finished hot rolled cross sectional area.

S5.2 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to

report the country of origin where the steel was hot rolled for
each heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.
S5.3 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the country of origin where the steel was cold finished
for each heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.

S2. Steel Melting Process

S2.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the steel melting process (Basic Oxygen Furnace,
Electric Arc Furnace, etc.) for each initial heat/lot number
supplied to the purchaser.

S6. Mechanical Properties

S6.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the cold-finished steel bar mechanical properties for
each heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser. Mechanical
properties shall be evaluated in accordance with Test Methods
and Definitions in Test Methods A 370.

S3. Steel Refinement Process

S3.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the steel refinement processes performed after melting
and before casting (Vacuumed Degassed, etc.) on the heat/lot
number supplied to the purchaser.

S7. Surface Inspection

S7.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
inspect the cold finish steel bar surface within an electromagnetic surface inspection process to detect and sort surface
discontinuities that exceed the maximum allowed depth tolerances listed in Table A1.8 or other tolerances agreed upon
between the purchaser and supplier.

S4. Continuous Casting Process

S4.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the casting process (Bloom, Billet, etc.) for each heat/lot
number supplied to the purchaser.
S5. Country or Countries of Origin
S5.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to
report the country of origin where the steel was melted for each
heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.

S8. Bar Marking

S8.1 When required, bar marking specification requirements shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.

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A 108 07

ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN QUALITY CHARACTERISTICSINCH-POUND AND METRIC UNITS
TABLE A1.1 Size Tolerances for Level One Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished

Size, in. (mm)A

Maximum of Carbon Range

0.28 % or less

Maximum of Carbon Range

over 0.28 % to 0.55 % incl

Maximum of Carbon Range

to 0.55 % incl,
Stress Relieved or Annealed
after Cold Finishing

Maximum of Carbon Range

over 0.55 % or All Grades
Quenched and Tempered or
Normalized and Tempered
before Cold Finishing

All tolerances are in inches (mm) and are minusB

C

RoundsCold Drawn to 6 in.(152.4 mm) or Turned and Polished

To 112 (38.1) incl, in coils, or cut lengths
Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl
Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl
Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl
Over 6 (152.40) to 8 (203.20) incl
Over 8 (203.20) to 9 (228.60) incl

0.002 (.051)
0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)

To 34 (19.05) incl
Over 34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl
Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl
Over 212 (63.50) to 318 (79.38) incl
Over 318 (79.38) to 4 (101.60) incl

0.002 (.051)
0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.005 (.127)

To 34 (19.05) incl
Over 34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl
Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl
Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl
Over 4 (101.60) to 5 (127.00) incl
Over 5 (127.00) to 6 (152.4) incl

0.002 (.051)
0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.006 (.152)
0.010 (.254)
0.014 (.356)

0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)

0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)

0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
0.010 (.254)

0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
...

0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
...

0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.009 (.229)
...
...

0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
0.011 (.279)
...
...

0.006 (.152)
0.008 (.203)
0.010 (.254)
0.011 (.279)
0.012 (.305)
...

0.008 (.203)
0.010 (.254)
0.012 (.305)
0.016 (.410)
0.020 (.508)
...

Hexagons
0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.006 (.152)
Squares
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.008 (.203)
...
...
FlatsD
Width:
To 34 (19.05) incl
Over 34 (19.05) to 1 12 (38.10) incl
Over 112 (38.10) to 3 (76.2) incl
Over 3 (76.2) to 4 (101.60) incl
Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl
Over 6 (152.40)

0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.008 (.203)
0.013 (.330)

0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.008 (.203)
0.010 (.254)
0.015 (.381)

A
Standard manufacturing practice is shear cut for cold drawn bars (size limits vary by producer) which can cause end distortion resulting in those portions of the bar
being outside the applicable size tolerance. When this end condition is undesirable, a saw cut end to remove end distortion should be considered.
B
While size tolerances are usually specified as minus, tolerances may be ordered all plus, or distributed plus and minus, with the sum being equivalent to the tolerances
listed.
C
Maximum allowable deviation in roundness around the circumference of the same cross-section of a round cold drawn bar is 12 the size tolerance range.
D
Width governs the tolerances for both width and thickness of flats. For example, when the maximum of carbon range is 0.28 % or less, for a flat 2 in. (50.80 mm) wide
and 1 in. (25.40 mm) thick, the width tolerance is 0.005 in. (.127 mm) and the thickness tolerance is the same, namely, 0.005 in. (.127 mm).

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A 108 07
TABLE A1.2 Size Tolerances for Level One Cold-Finished Alloy Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished

Size, in. (mm)A

Maximum of Carbon Range

0.28 % or less

Maximum of Carbon Range

over 0.28 % to 0.55 % incl

Maximum of Carbon Range

to 0.55 % incl,
Stress Relieved or Annealed
after Cold Finishing

Maximum of Carbon Range

over 0.55 % with or without
Stress Relieving or Annealing
after Cold Finishing.
Also, all Carbons, Quenched
and tempered (heat treated),
or Normalized and Tempered,
before Cold Finishing

All tolerances are in inches (mm) and are minusB

C

Rounds-Cold Drawn to 6 in. (152.40 mm) or Turned and Polished

To 1 (25.4) incl, in coils
Cut Lengths:
To 112 (38.10) incl
Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl
Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl
Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl
Over 6 (152.40) to 8 (203.20) incl
Over 8 (203.20) to 9 (228.60) incl

0.002 (.051)

0.003 (.076)

0.004 (.102)

0.005 (.127)

0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)

0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)

0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
0.010 (.254)

0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
0.010 (.254)
0.011 (.279)

0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
...

0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
0.010 (.254)
...

0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.008 (.203)
0.010 (.254)
...

0.008 (.203)
0.009 (.229)
0.010 (.254)
0.012 (.305)
...

0.007 (.178)
0.009 (.229)
0.011 (.279)
0.012 (.305)
0.013 (.330)
...

0.009 (.229)
0.011 (.279)
0.013 (.330)
0.017 (.432)
0.021 (.533)
...

Hexagons
To
Over
Over
Over
Over

(19.05) incl
(19.05) to 112 38.10) incl
112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl
212 (63.50) to 318 (79.38) incl
318 (79.38) to 4 (101.60) incl

0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.006 (.152)

0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
...

To 34 (19.05) incl
Over 34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl
Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl
Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl
Over 4 (101.60) to 5 (127.00) incl

0.003 (.076)
0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.007 (.178)
0.011 (.279)

0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.009 (.229)
...

34

34

Squares

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FlatsD

To
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over

34

(19.05) incl
(19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl
112 (38.10) to 3 (76.2) incl
3 (76.2) to 4 (101.60) incl
4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl
6 (152.40)

34

0.004 (.102)
0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.009 (.229)
0.014 (.356)

0.005 (.127)
0.006 (.152)
0.007 (.178)
0.009 (.229)
0.011 (.279)
...

A
Standard manufacturing practice is shear cut for cold drawn bars (size limits vary by producer) which can cause end distortion resulting in those portions of the bar
being outside the applicable size tolerance. When this end condition is undesirable, a saw cut end to remove end distortion should be considered.
B
While size tolerances are usually specified as minus, tolerances may be ordered all plus, or distributed plus and minus, with the sum being equivalent to the tolerances
listed.
C
Maximum allowable deviation in roundness around the circumference of the same cross-section of a round cold drawn bar is 12 the size tolerance range.
D
Width governs the tolerances for both width and thickness of flats. For example, when the maximum of carbon range is 0.28 % or less, for a flat 2 in. (50.80 mm) wide
and 1 in. (25.40 mm) thick, the width tolerance is 0.006 in. (.152 mm) and the thickness tolerance is the same, namely, 0.006 in. (.152mm).

TABLE A1.3 Size Tolerances for Level Two and Level Three Cold Finished Round Bars Cold Drawn, Ground and Polished, or Turned,
Ground and Polished
Size, in. (mm) Cold Drawn, Ground and PolishedA

Size, in. (mm) Turned, Ground and PolishedA

To 112 (38.10) incl

Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) excl
212 (63.50) to 3 (76.20) incl
Over 3 (76.20) to 4 (101.60) incl
...
...

To 112 (38.10) incl

Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) excl
212 (63.50) to 3 (76.20) incl
Over 3 (76.20) to 4 (101.60) incl
Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl
Over 6 (152.40)

Tolerances from Specified Size, Minus Only, in. (mm)

Level 2

A
B

0.001 (.0254)
0.0015 (.0381)
0.002 (.0508)
0.003 (.0762)
0.004 (.1016)B
0.005 (.127)B

Level 3
0.0008 (.0203)
0.0013 (.033)
0.001 5(.0381)
0.0025 (.0635)
0.003 (.0762)B
0.004 (.1016)B

Maximum allowable deviation of roundness or ovality tolerances are agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.
For nonresulfurized steels (steels specified to maximum sulfur limits under 0.08 %), or for steels thermally treated, the tolerance is increased by 0.001 in. (.025 mm).

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A 108 07
TABLE A1.4 Straightness Tolerances for Level One Cold Finished BarsA,B

NOTEAll grades quenched and tempered or normalized and tempered to Brinell 302 max before cold finishing; and all grades stress relieved or
annealed after cold finishing. Straightness tolerances are not applicable to bars having Brinell hardness exceeding 302.

Size, in. (mm)

Length, ft (mm)

Less than 58 (15.88)

Less than 58 (15.88)
58 (15.88) and over
58 (15.88) and over

Less than 15 (4572)

15 (4572) and over
Less than 15 (4572)
15 (4572) and over

Straightness Tolerances, in. (mm) (Maximum Deviation) from Straightness

in any 10-ft Portion of the Bar
Maximum of Carbon Range,
Maximum of Carbon Range,
over 0.28 % and
0.28 % or Less
All Grades Thermally Treated
Squares, Hexagons,
Squares, Hexagons,
Rounds
Rounds
and Octagons
and Octagons
18 (3.17)
316 (4.76)
316 (4.76)
14 (6.35)
18 (3.17)
516 (7.94)
516 (7.94)
38 (9.53)
116 (1.59)
18 (3.17)
18 (3.17)
316 (4.76)
18 (3.17)
316 (4.76)
316 (4.76)
14 (6.35)

A
The foregoing tolerances are based on the following method of measuring straightness: Departure from straightness is measured by placing the bar on a level table
so that the arc or departure from straightness is horizontal, and the depth of the arc is measured with a feeler gage and a straightedge.
B
It should be recognized that straightness is a perishable quality and may be altered by mishandling. The preservation of straightness in cold-finished bars requires the
utmost care in subsequent handling. Specific straightness tolerances are sometimes required for carbon and alloy steels in which case the purchaser should inform the
manufacturer of the straightness tolerances and the methods to be used in checking the straightness.

TABLE A1.5 Length Tolerances for Cold Finished Steel Bar

Tolerances, inches (mm) Plus
Allowable Deviation above Specified Uniform Length

Product
Tolerance
Level

Cutting Process

Minimum

Maximum

Level 1
Level 2
Level 3

Shear Cut
In-Line Saw Cut
Off-Line Saw Cut

0.000
0.000
0.000

2.000 (50.80)
1.000 (25.40)
0.500 (12.70)

TABLE A1.6 Across-Corner Tolerances for Hexagon and Square Cold Drawn Steel BarA
Tolerance Range Applied to Across Corner Calculations

Product
Tolerance
Level
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3

Hexagon,
Inches (mm), Minus

Square,
Inches (mm), Minus

0.025 (.64)
0.020 (.51)
0.015 (.38)
Sharp Corner Hexagon Calculation = (1.1547 3 D)
Round Corner Hexagon Calculation = [1.1547 3 (D - 2r)] + 2r

0.030 (.76)
0.025 (.64)
0.020 (.51)
Sharp Corner Square Calculation = (1.4142 3 D)
Round Corner Square Calculation = [1.4142 3 (D - 2r)] + 2r

When required, type of corner must be specified at time of order inquiry.

TABLE A1.7 Surface Roughness AverageA (Ra) Tolerances for Cold-Finished Steel Bar
Allowable Maximum Deviation of Surface Roughness Average (Ra) Measurement
Product
Tolerance
Level
Level 1
Level 2B
Level 3B

Turned and Polished

Maximum, (in.)
(Ra)

Ground and Polished

Maximum, (in.)
(Ra)

Not Required
60
40

40
30
20

RMS (root mean square calculation) is no longer applied to measure surface roughness. Roughness average (Ra) is current technology measurement output data.
Special surface Ra restrictions must be agreed upon at time of order inquiry, between purchaser and supplier. Lower Ra values are available with additional bar passes
and/or special processing conditions.
B

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A 108 07
TABLE A1.8 Surface Discontinuity Tolerances for Cold-Finished Steel BarA
Maximum Allowable Surface Discontinuity Depth

Product
Tolerance
Level

Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4B

Carbon and Alloy

Non-resulfurized

Carbon and Alloy

Resulfurized (0.08 thru 0.19 % Sulfur)

Carbon and Alloy

Resulfurized (0.20 thru 0.35 % Sulfur)

Maximum Depth
14 (6.35 mm)
thru 58 (15.88 mm)
max. inches (mm)

Maximum Depth
(% of Size)
over 58 (15.88 mm)
thru 6 (152.40 mm)
(max. percentage)

Maximum Depth
14 (6.35 mm)
thru 58 (15.88 mm)
max. inches (mm)

Maximum Depth
(% of Size)
over 58 (15.88 mm)
thru 6 (152.40 mm)
max. percentage)

Maximum Depth
14 (6.35 mm)
thru 58 (15.88 mm)
max. inches (mm)

Maximum Depth
(% of Size)
58 (15.88 mm)
thru 6 (152.40 mm)
(max., percentage)

0.008 (.20)
0.006 (.15)
0.006 (.15)
Nil

1.6 %
1.0 %
0.75 %
Nil

0.010 (.25)
0.008 (.20)
0.006 (.15)
Nil

2.0 %
1.3 %
1.0 %
Nil

0.012 (.30)
0.010 (.25)
0.008 (.20)
Nil

2.4 %
1.6 %
1.3 %
Nil

A
The information in the chart is the expected maximum surface discontinuity depth within the limits of good manufacturing practice. Occasional bars in a shipment may
have surface discontinuities that exceed these limits. For critical applications, the purchaser may require the cold finish steel bar supplier to eddy current test the bars prior
to shipment.
B
Level 4 requires metal removal by turning or multiple grinding passes for small bars.

TABLE A1.9 Surface Decarburization Tolerances for Cold-Finished Steel Bar

Maximum Affected Depth
All Carbon or Alloy Steel Grades
Product
Tolerance
Level

Maximum Inches of Decarburization per Side of Bar

14 (6.35 mm) thru 58 (15.88 mm) Sizes, All Shapes,
Max. inches (mm)

Maximum Percentage of Decarburization per Side

Based on Percentage of Size over 58 (15.88 mm) thru 6 (152.40
mm) Sizes, All Shapes,
(max., %)

0.010 in.(.25)
0.006 in.(.15)
Nil

1.6 %
1.0 %
Nil

Level 1
Level 2
Level 3A
A

Level 3 requires metal removal by turning or multiple grinding for small bars.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A 108 03e1) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Sept. 1, 2007.)
(2) Added 9.1.2.

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(1) Changes made to 9.1.1.