Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 204 views

    Injection Nozzels PDF

    Uploaded by

    Moaed Kanbar
    Diesel fuel injection nozzles atomize fuel for combustion and distribute it in the engine. They have movable parts like valves, springs, and spindles. Common types include single-hole nozzles and multiple-orifice nozzles. Nozzles are adjusted and cleaned according to manufacturer specifications to ensure proper operation. Faulty nozzles can be identified by testing individual connectors while running the engine.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Injection Nozzels PDF

    Uploaded by

    Moaed Kanbar
    204 views25 pages
    Diesel fuel injection nozzles atomize fuel for combustion and distribute it in the engine. They have movable parts like valves, springs, and spindles. Common types include single-hole nozzles and multiple-orifice nozzles. Nozzles are adjusted and cleaned according to manufacturer specifications to ensure proper operation. Faulty nozzles can be identified by testing individual connectors while running the engine.

    Original Title

    injection_nozzels.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Diesel fuel injection nozzles atomize fuel for combustion and distribute it in the engine. They have movable parts like valves, springs, and spindles. Common types include single-hole nozzles and multiple-orifice nozzles. Nozzles are adjusted and cleaned according to manufacturer specifications to ensure proper operation. Faulty nozzles can be identified by testing individual connectors while running the engine.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    204 views25 pages

    Injection Nozzels PDF

    Uploaded by

    Moaed Kanbar
    Diesel fuel injection nozzles atomize fuel for combustion and distribute it in the engine. They have movable parts like valves, springs, and spindles. Common types include single-hole nozzles and multiple-orifice nozzles. Nozzles are adjusted and cleaned according to manufacturer specifications to ensure proper operation. Faulty nozzles can be identified by testing individual connectors while running the engine.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    Diesel Fuel Systems

    Injection Nozzles

    Unit Terms
    Injection nozzle
    Nozzle, nozzle holder, valve,
    spring assembly

    Nozzle assembly
    Valve, body, and spray valve

    Orifice
    Small hole

    Pintle
    Valve which the end extends into
    the shank or pin

    Functions of Injection
    Nozzles
    Atomizes the fuel for better
    combustion
    Spreads the fuel spray to fully
    mix with air

    Moving Parts of the


    Nozzle

    Valve
    Spring
    Spindle
    Retainer

    Common Types of
    Nozzles
    Single hole, capsule
    Used in engines with precombustion chambers

    Multiple orifice
    Has several small holes
    Has a tendency to plug

    Single hole, pintle


    Produces a hollow spray pattern
    Can be either inward or outward
    opening

    Injection Nozzle
    Adjustment

    Shim adjustment
    Screw adjustment
    Needle lift
    Pressure ranges

    Injection Nozzle Action


    Hydraulic action
    Diesel fuel hydraulically lifts the
    needle valve

    Opening
    Pressure varies by injection
    nozzle design and application

    Nozzle chatter
    An indicator of a properly
    working nozzle

    Factors to Consider for


    Proper Nozzle Operation
    Maintain cleanliness
    Follow manufacturers
    specification exactly
    Adjusting opening pressure 150 psi
    over spec will

    Delay the start of injection


    Increase fuel spray velocity
    Lengthen spray cone
    Decrease spray cone angle
    Fuel droplet size to decrease
    Cause fuel to settle out of the air stream

    Locating Faulty
    Injectors
    Safety
    Fuel leaking under pressure can
    penetrate skin
    Watch for moving parts
    Watch for hot parts

    Locating Faulty
    Injectors
    When to perform test
    Rough running engine
    Engine misses
    Major overhaul

    Locating Faulty
    Injectors
    How to perform test
    Operate engine at optimum rpm to
    detect miss
    Crack each injection nozzle
    connector open one at a time
    using two wrenches, one hand
    method
    Listen for a change in engine to
    indicate location of problem

    Removing an Injection
    Nozzle
    Thoroughly clean area around
    injection nozzle.
    Identify type of retainer used to
    secure injection nozzle into the
    cylinder head.

    Removing an Injection
    Nozzle
    Remove and cap high pressure
    fuel line.
    Remove and cap return line.
    Remove injection nozzle clamp.
    Pry injection nozzle out using
    two pry bars or by using a slide
    hammer puller.

    Testing Injection
    Nozzles
    Superficial checks
    Spray tip condition
    Nozzle body condition
    Threaded connection condition

    Testing Injection
    Nozzles
    Cracking pressure
    Bleed air from tester
    Operate tester to purge air and
    seat valve
    Open gauge valve, pump slowly
    to raise pressure
    Read gauge when nozzle valve
    opens and closes

    Testing Injection
    Nozzles
    Valve seat pressure
    Relieve all pressure from tester
    Dry spray tip
    Bring pressure up to 200 psi
    below cracking pressure and hold
    for 10 to 15 seconds
    Relieve pressure, recheck for fuel
    accumulation on spray tip

    Testing Injection
    Nozzles
    Back leakage test
    Checks fit of needle valve and
    nozzle bore
    Bring pressure to within 100 psi
    of cracking pressure
    Time the rate of pressure drop
    Average pressure drop of not
    more than is 880 psi in 6 seconds
    shows good nozzle valve
    lubrication

    Testing Injection
    Nozzles
    Spray pattern test
    Close gauge valve to prevent
    damage to gauge
    Operate pump at a rate of two
    strokes per second to simulate
    injection pump operation
    Observe spray pattern
    No spray distortion
    No unatomized fuel
    Uniform spray cone length and
    width
    Audible nozzle chatter

    Injection Nozzle
    Disassembly
    Work in a clean environment.
    Care in working clean and using
    clean tools can not be encouraged
    enough. Quality work starts here.

    Required tools.
    Trays to hold each injection
    nozzle.
    Wash containers.
    Holding fixture to disassemble
    nozzles.
    Cleaning tools.
    Injection nozzle tester.

    Disassembly Procedures
    Disassembly procedures.
    Clean external surfaces of dirt and
    oil.
    Using the holding fixture, remove
    spring retaining nut, spring,
    spring retainer and spindle.
    Using holding fixture, remove the
    nozzle nut.
    Place all parts in a tray containing
    diesel fuel or calibrating fluid to
    help prevent contamination.

    Disassembly Procedures
    Parts cleaning.
    Clean parts using a brass brush to
    prevent damage to polished
    surfaces.
    Nozzle holder can be cleaned in
    solvent tank, however, nozzle
    valve assembly should be cleaned
    by hand to prevent damage.
    Inspect needle valve for signs of
    burning, if burned or
    discoloration is evident, valve
    assembly should be replaced.

    Checking Nozzle Parts


    Fuel sac
    Clean fuel sac with a brass
    scraper

    Checking Nozzle Parts


    Spray orifices
    Select proper cleaning wire size
    Use wire shaping stone to remove any
    burrs from wire
    May need to shape a flat spot on wire to
    help remove carbon

    Sealing surfaces
    Inspect sealing surfaces for indications
    of internal leakage
    Lap on a lapping plate lubricated with
    mutton tallow
    Clean with clean diesel fuel and air

    Needle Lift
    Proper needle lift insures
    Length of lift off time
    Flow of fuel into combustion
    chamber
    Spray cone width will be varied
    Length of spray cone will be
    affected
    Checked with a dial indicator
    Typically ranges from 0.012-0.027

    Lap nozzle valve body to change


    if lift is to great

    You might also like