Social and Economic Geography

Mačva, Šabačka Posavina i Pocerina ima površinu 1 641 km2, 194 000 stanovnika, 100 seoskih i 2 gradska naselja. To je dobro individualisana geografska celina omeđena rekama Savom, Drinom i planinom Cer. Istraživani prostor u celini obuhvata tri opštine (Šabac, Bogatić i Vladimirce) i mačvanski deo opštine Sremska Mitrovica. U ovoj regionalno izdiferenciranoj sredini prepliću se prirodni i društveni uticaji, koji u međusobnim interakcijama generišu raznovrsne geografske procese. Nastojali smo da prikažemo te procese prostorno i vremenski. U tu svrhu smo vršili komparativne statističke analize promena između dva popisa poljoprivrede (1960. i 1991. godine) i stanovništva (1961. i 1991. godine). Иzlaganja су potkrepљена argumentima, činjenicama i oslonjena na naučne izvore.

O processo de suburbanização verificado na última década do século XX, através da procura residencial na periferia, do aumento da oferta do sector terciário e do afastamento da localização industrial para os concelhos limítrofes, provocou a saída de parte significativa dos habitantes do centro e a consequente perda de vitalidade. O centro do Porto debate-se, então, com a degradação do edificado, em particular do que marcou a época industrial, tornando urgente a necessidade de intervenção nos edifícios e a sua adaptação a novas realidades. Na viragem do século, multiplicaram-se os esforços para contrariar o esvaziamento do centro, através de programas de desenvolvimento urbano, intervenções públicas e incentivos à reabilitação protagonizados principalmente pela Porto 2001 -Capital Europeia da Cultura e a Porto Vivo, Sociedade de Reabilitação Urbana. Potencializada por várias dinâmicas e intervenções, assiste-se progressivamente à revalorização da Baixa do Porto com o surgimento de novos utilizadores, novos residentes e novos estabelecimentos. Esta dissertação procura demonstrar e compreender o modo de intervenção na Baixa do Porto, particularmente na sua parte oriental, e as consequentes alterações sofridas pelo centro da cidade do Porto ao longo dos últimos anos, alvo de profundas mudanças de carácter económico, social e físico.

This research explores the agency and positioning of cultural workers in the restructuring of contemporary cities. This positioning is ambiguous. Cultural workers often lead precarious professional lives, yet their significant symbolic and cultural capital is widely mobilised in the service of neoliberal urban restructuring, including ‘creative city’ flagship developments and gentrification. But cultural workers’ actual agency, their reactions to urban processes that exploit their presence, and their relations to other urban social groups, are poorly understood and hard to decipher. This thesis addresses these issues through three articles.

Paper I examines a process of artist-led gentrification ongoing in Bushwick, Brooklyn, New York. It shows that artists, gallerists and other members of the local art scene contribute to sustaining gentrification through their everyday practices and discourses. The gentrification frontier is constructed on an everyday level as a transitional space and time in the scene members’ lives. Gentrification is de-politicised by discursively underplaying its conflictual components of class and racial struggle. Forms of resistance to gentrification amongst scene members are found, but they appear to be sector-specific and exclusive. Finally, scene members tend to fail at establishing meaningful relationships with long-time residents.

Paper II brings the perspectives of long-time residents in Bushwick to the forefront. Examination of the emotional and affectual components of displacement reveals that these aspects are as important as material re-location to understanding displacement and gentrification. The encounter with newcomers’ bodies in neighbourhood spaces triggers a deep sense of displacement for long-time residents, evoking deep-rooted structural inequalities of which gentrification is one spatial expression.

Paper III examines the case of Macao, a collective mobilisation of cultural workers in Milan, Italy. There, cultural workers have mobilised against neoliberal urbanism, top-down gentrification, corruption, growing labour precarity and other regressive urban and social issues. The paper considers the distinctive resources, aesthetic tactics and inaugurative practices mobilised and enacted in the urban space by Macao and it argues that by deploying their cultural and symbolic capital, cultural workers can reframe the relations between bodies, space and time, and hence challenge power structures.

Cultural workers might not have the power to determine the structural boundaries and hierarchies that organize urban society, including their own positioning in it. Nonetheless, through their actions and discourses and subjectification processes, they can reinforce or challenge those borders.

The tutorial presents issues of functioning of the regional economy of the Omsk region as an integral part of the economic complex of Western Siberia, analyzes the forms and methods of state regulation of economic development of the region. The widespread use of legal documents and statistical data provides a clear picture of the economic processes in the Omsk region. The manual covers both issues directly related to the teaching of discipline "Regional economy", and a number of related disciplines. The book is intended for students and professors, practitioners of state and municipal administration, enterprises and organizations of the Omsk region.
В учебном пособии раскрываются вопросы функционирования региональной экономики Омской области как неотъемлемой части хозяйственного комплекса Западной Сибири, анализируются формы и методы государственного регулирования, приводятся конкретные примеры из экономической практики. Широкое использование нормативно-правовых документов и статистических данных позволяет получить чёткое представление об экономических процессах, протекающих в Омской области. Учебное пособие охватывает как вопросы, относящиеся непосредственно к преподаванию дисциплины "Региональная экономика", так и целого ряда смежных дисциплин. Книга рассчитана на студентов и преподавателей вузов, практических работников органов государственного и муниципального управления, предприятий и организаций Омской области.

The paper reports on both methodological and substantive findings. It presents a method for generating simplified representations for regional urban populations, their geographical sub-populations and communities. the method generates greatly simplified high-resolution socio-economic profiles of populated geographical areas from complex large census data sets.

Edited version of published paper presented at 'Is Black and Red Dead?' Conference, Centre for the Study of Social and Global and Justice (CSSGJ) University of Nottingham, 7-8 September, 2009

https://socialhistoryportal.org/news/articles/110943

Livelihood generation is one of the major potentials of sericulture and silk industry. Sericulture with its high employment potentiality and more income generation in the households itself has been identified as one of the major sources of rural development by empowering women through the financial self-dependent. Men and women have been contributing in all the stages starting from on-farm activities such as Mulberry plantation, indoor rearing of silk worm, feeding the silk worm, processing the cocoons etc. to off-farm activities. This takes one to inspect the proportion of labour in the total labour absorption in the process of sericulture operation to maintain the balance between input and output. Present study has investigated the rate of work participation between men and women in different age groups and earning from sericulture as a livelihood in the Alomtola village of Kaliachak-II Block of Malda District. A structured schedule was designed based on existing literature and used as an instrument for data collection. Collected data had been analysed using standard statistical methods and final conclusion was drawn based on it. Over all work participation rate in sericulture by male workers is 76.15% while the female workers is 84.51%. Exceptionally the difference between male and female participation in the age group bellow 14 years is higher (26.22%) than the any other age groups. But the difference in participation rate between male and female is below 20 in all the age group of 14-19, 19-30 and above 30 years. In case of income generation from sericulture production, most of the households earn 5,000- 15,000 in a particular season leading to an annual income of 20,000 to 60,000.

Keywords: sericulture, livelihood, income, women empowerment, rural development, Malda District

This interpretive article relies on insights from three critical literatures -world-systems analysis, postcolonial studies and, to the extent of an extended simile, the economic sociology of flexible global production -to propose a geopolitical understanding of what the European Union (EU) is. The authors begin by interrogating the tendency within much of the current research and commentary on the EU to treat it as a state of sorts. They then outline some mechanisms -pertaining to its internal and external linkage structuresthat have enabled the EU to perform successfully in a geopolitical context where most of the main actors are states. Finally, drawing on critical insights from the sociology of subcontracted production and distributed organization, the authors suggest ways in which the EU, in its current form, might be thought of beyond the constraints of the current theoretical language of statehood.

This paper decomposes global inequality in redistribution, using data from the World Development Indicators data set of the World Bank. It finds that per capita income has a modest, yet persistent effect on redistribution. More provocatively, the paper also demonstrates that, over and beyond the impact of per capita GDP, global inequalities in redistribution over the last generation or so strongly reflect the double legacies of colonialism (improving the likelihood of redistribution in former-colonizer societies and sharply reducing it in erstwhile-colonized, recently independent societies). In addition, it also finds that the history of recent exposure to state socialism increases the presence of redistributive institutions, partly counterbalancing the effects of lower national incomes. The data have been obtained from the World Bank's online open-access data site World Development Indicators, http://data.worldbank.org.

The subject of the article is to analyze the changes in the grid of municipalities in the Russian Federation during the reform of local government under the influence of demographic factors. The research based on a systems approach to the studying of the regions where the interaction between demographic and government subsystem. The main research method was to analyze the legislation and regional statistics. Detailed analysis of the demographic situation in the Kirov oblast, the impact of natural and migration decline on change in the territorial organization of local self-government in the region. The prospects of development of the municipal division under the influence of population decline. It is concluded that the present time grid municipalities in depopulated regions of Russia is not stable and will continue to vary according to the dynamics of population.

Migration is an important feature of human civilization. Migration in the developing countries is mostly from rural areas to the towns and cities. During the last 60 years, the Dange tribals have been migrating to Kolhapur city. The Danges have been settled in Kolhapur city in anticipation to have the answers against the problems in their original habitat. The present paper attempts to analyze the problems of Dange tribal in-migrants in Kolhapur city, Maharashtra. The Dange in-migrant community still has been facing number of problems and difficulties at their new destinations. The study is based on primary data, generated through intensive field surveys in the city. The relevant data has been collected for the three different periods taking into consideration the in-migration of Danges in the city i.e. before 1975, 1975-1995, 1995-2015. It is found from the study in-migrant Danges are associated with the social, civic, physiological and number of other problems, though the problems that they are facing are not serious as they had at their destinations.

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the conceptualization of some aspects of largescale social change under and, eventually, away from, semiperipheral state socialism by theorizing about East-Central Europe's dependency and by examining certain elements of transformations of Hungary's external linkage structure during the post-war period. The main thrust of the argument is the following:

Climate change poses an assortment of risks for cultural environment andlandscapes, including cultural heritage close to or directly connected to roadsand railways. In this project, we looked at a number of these risks with an aimtowards helping the Swedish Transport Administration develop services forbetter predicting and managing them. The research was initiated through anoverview of existing government literature on climate change related threatsand risks and cultural heritage, followed by a survey of the level of understandingof these issues amongst a set of government employees involved in planning.Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were used to identify areas andheritage objects at risk for three regions, followed by field visits to assess thereliability of the GIS results. Evaluations indicated that simple GIS analysis canbe helpful in identifying sites at risk, but that fieldwork can help identify furtherrisks or issues of accuracy in the underlying data. The report provides providingbasic statistics on the degree to which different types of national monumentare threatened according to current climate change models. The project alsoran case studies, looking at 1) the risk posed by de-icing road salt to milestonesand other archaeological remains close to roads, and 2) the potential for usinghistorical maps in climate change risk prediction. Finally, the implications ofthese results for the prioritisation of climate adaptation activities are discussed,and suggestions presented for methods and models for identifying cultural heritagethreatened by climate change in the context of transport infrastructure.

Research on tourism enclaves has relied mainly on topographical understandings of the phenomenon. The focus has been on the ontic, that which is or exists instead of the relational qualities or properties of tourism enclaves. Topographical conceptions thus tend to simplify enclavic processes and attributes that are much more complex than meets the eye. In this article, we make the case for topological understandings of tourism enclaves, based on a relational ontology, as a complement. We thereby strive to offer more nuanced conceptions of tourism enclaves. We depart from Agamben's political ontology to illustrate our claim. Seen topologically, tourism enclaves are not simply spaces marked-off from the norm, but rather constituents of the norm. Tourism enclaves need to be theorized as 'prototypes' or 'laboratories' of new subjectivities (ways of being, relating, and experiencing the world). The tourist thus emerges as a model figure of biopolitics in the contemporary, the norm rather than the exception. The tourist is not that which is abandoned by the sovereign in the manner of Agamben, but rather a free exilant, a subject that self-willingly chooses abandonment. We deploy topological concepts, like Agamben's the ban, the camp, and state of exception. Such a conception, we argue, widens the ontological register or horizon of tourism theory.

At the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Linköping University, research and doctoral studies are carried out within broad problem areas. Research is organized in interdisciplinary research environments and doctoral studies mainly in graduate schools. Jointly, they publish the series Linköping Studies in Arts and Science. This thesis comes from Institute for Research on Migration, Ethnicity and Society (REMESO) at the Department of Social and Welfare Studies.

Purpose This study aims to analyse the effect of gun-related violence on housing values, controlling for the area's crime levels and locational factors. Previous studies that aimed to find a causal connection between crime and housing values used instrument variables to solve the endogeneity problem. Here, the authors have instead been able to take advantage of the fact that shootings have occurred in random time and space. This has made it possible to estimate models to create windows around the shooting (event) and to estimate the causal effects of the shootings. Thus, the authors aim to contribute to the regression discontinuity design method in this context to estimate the short-term effects. Design/methodology/approach Using the regression discontinuity design method, the authors can estimate the short-term effects of shootings. Findings Findings from the analysis indicate that shootings directly affect those who are impacted by shootings and indirectly affect the environme...

Among existing research on social vulnerability, virtually no studies have considered homelessness as a variable in their vulnerability assessments. This study identified the relevance of homelessness as a key index in social vulnerability assessment to inform the public, policymakers and the broader body of literature of its impacts on shaping vulnerability patterns in cities. In this study, the 2018 Homeless data for Austin was disaggregated from the council district level to block group level using dasymetric mapping in Geographic Information System (GIS). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to group highly correlated demographic and socioeconomic variables into factors, which were normalized and summed to model social vulnerability with homeless index (SOVI_H) and without homeless index (SOVI) for each Austin Blockgroup. The result revealed significant differences in geographic patterns between SOVI_H and SOVI. SOVI_H showed hotspots of vulnerabilities in Downtown and Ea...

In this reading, 'Regional Development, redistribution and the extraction of mineral resources: The Western Australia Goldfields as a resource bank,' the resource curse, as the title suggests, is examined via a "resource bank" metaphor from which the urban 'cores' withdraw money. It is a paper effectively about better recognizing and appreciating the geographical origin of wealth. The Australian resource curse seems to be a pernicious problem brought about by a perennial over-abundance of natural resources. That's right: Western Australia's non-diversified mining bonanza has literally undermined its development. Trade-offs have been made: economic expansion has resulted in the urban cores along the coast, and all the while regions have been left socially dislocated, depopulated, and desperately resource dependent. This is evidenced in the paper by mining location quotients that are sometimes up to 22 times higher when taken against the national baseline. WA exports over the past few decades have remained so exorbitantly high that there was never any point in diversifying the economy beyond the bare necessities. This is because the revenue from exports has been used to finance imports from far-flung places like Europe, America, Japan, and so on.

Means of information have drastically changed during the last decades due to the evolution of technology and the development of social media, which have gained crucial relevance in the tourism industry. As a consequence, efficacy of traditional information sources is being challenged. The aim of this research is to determine, analysing photographs, what destination images of a particular country are projected by both traditional and digital information sources, in order to compare them identifying main similarities and differences in the projected images. For the purpose of this study, the selected destination is Italy and the analysed images will beretrieved from Swedish, Danish and Norwegian tour operators’ tourism catalogues and their respective social media accounts. Therefore, main similarities and differences between the three countries will also be identified and analysed. The images will be analysed using a thematic analysis method, following an inductive approach, meaning t...

Background: ‪‪The Belarusian-Polish borderland has great tourism potential but in the same time suffers from many restrictions, especially geopolitical ones. An overall facilitation of foreigners’ trips into Belarus has facilitated the development of cross-border tourism and local resources could be used by tourists. One of the most important tourist attractions is the Augustów Canal. This article seeks to discuss changes made to one border crossing between Poland and Belarus whose location may be considered exceptional, given that it is
on the Augustów Canal.
Material and methods: Analysis of historical, legal and statistical materials; cartographic analysis and feldwork.
Results: Eased restrictions on crossing the border (i.e. 5 years of gradual, stepwise introduction of visafree regimes and zones by the Belarusian authorities) have combined with the emergence of new possibilities to travel along the Canal by bicycle or on foot to increase numbers of foreign tourists (including Poles) who take advantage of the visa-free opportunities.
Conclusions: ‪Opportunities for the development of tourism (especially of a transboundary nature) are influenced by the simultaneous “internationalisation” and “touristifcation” of border crossings in Belarus’s western borderland area, which serve as a tourist destination of global signifcance (the Augustów Canal) and/or trafc at the individual-visitor level. The factor of overriding importance encouraging steady enlargement of tourist space and its utilisation either side of the border is the so-called “Brześć-Grodno Space”, as a visa-free continuous corridor for tourism established in the period since November 2019. This allows for visits into western Belarus, in particular in a south-north direction. The Augustów (Augustovsky) Canal and its Rudawka-Lesnaya border crossing are expected to play a particular part in this process.
Key words: tourism, Poland, Belarus, border, border crossing, the Augustów Canal.

Issues arise when trying to understand the motivation of policymakers to preserve the assets of cultures that do not belong to the mainstream population. Tunbridge and Ashworth's seminal study on 'Dissonant Heritage' and Bennett's developmental model of intercultural sensitivity (DMIS model) provide a basis to evaluate both the motivations and the existence of a cultural dissonance. As there is a growing worldwide trend towards preserving and developing Jewish heritage tourism (JHT) this study examines Jewish heritage sites in three Macedonian cities endowed with rich Jewish history. Unlike previous studies concentrating on the notion of dissonant heritage, this research focuses on the motivation for preserving such sites, an issue hardly tackled before. Previous studies suggested the prevalence of six possible motives: guilt, facing harsh history, emphasis on dark tourism, revival of a harmonious past, respect, and economic benefits. Data were obtained via face-to-face interviews conducted with policy-makers from central and local governments. The interviews were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively in order to determine the leading motives for preservation. The findings indicate that by establishing and maintaining Jewish Heritage sites, stakeholders reflect sentiments of respect and admiration for the perished Jewish community and a longing for the revival of an elusive harmonious past. The potential economic benefits and dark tourism surfaced only as minor motives. Practically, JH preservation is used to revive dialogue with a forgotten past that may also contribute to urban tourism development in the future. Conceptually, the interviews did not reveal any indication of heritage dissonance, a finding that stands in sharp contrast to the dissonant heritage theory.

In a context of growing socio-spatial polarization and of restructuring state–market relations in urban governance, a new phenomenon is emerging in Swedish cities, that is, partnerships for urban regeneration inspired by the Business Improvement District (BID) model. Through an empirical case study research on one of the most long-standing BID partnerships in Sweden – that is, BID Gamlestaden in Gothenburg – the article critically assesses whether the BID model as it has been applied in Sweden represents a socially and politically sustainable tool for urban regeneration. Namely, the study analyses the complex constellation of power entrenched in the BID, with a focus on the relations with urban governance actors ‘above’ (city planning department, public housing, real estate companies, media, politicians) and ‘below’ (residents and local businesses). Despite general claims around BIDs as successful tools for uplifting distressed neighbourhoods, BID Gamlestaden presents shortcomings r...

The article is devoted to detail analysis of investments into the economic branches of Azerbaijan, contributed from local and foreign investors, as well as the implementation and the effectiveness of these investments from economic and geographical point of views. The priorities and perspective ways of development of non-oil sector in condition of market economy are determined in the research work. Besides this, necessity of realization of corresponding investment policy for achieving sustainable development of country's regions is substantiated and shown.

"Scientific Works of Dagestan Geographical Society" are devoted to the most urgent geographical problems of region. In the annuals the constant headings are allocated: common problems, regional ecology, landscape geography, economic geography, social and recreational geography, medical geography, biogeography, political geography, historical geography, cultural geography, ethnography, linguistic geography, geoinformation systems, discussions, short reports, bibliography, chronicle, anniversaries and memorials.

Review essay of Negativity and Revolution: Adorno and Political Activism eds. Holloway, J. Matamoros, F. & Tischler, S. (2009) (London: Pluto Press) in Logos: A Journal of Modern Society and Culture Vol. 8, Issue 2 http://logosjournal.com/2011/garland/