Scientific American

After years of immersion in Charles Darwin's 14,000 letters at the Cambridge Library, Janet Browne-an editor of the Darwin correspondence project-has published the second half of her sprawling, magnificent biography. Integrating the best of current scholarship with her own discoveries, Browne's account is state of the art. That said, as Stephen Jay Gould once opined, "too many Darwins dwelled within this enormously complex man" to allow any one biography to be "definitive." But if the most any author can do is to find his or her own Darwin, Browne's finely detailed portrait ranks among the best ever attempted. Voyaging, her first volume, published in 1995, followed the young naturalist through his adventures on board HMS Beagle, his return home and his marriage to his cousin Emma Wedgwood. While still on the ship, in 1835, Charles had written his sister that he'd had enough seafaring. "I am convinced it is a most ridiculous thing to go round the world," he wrote, "when by staying quietly, the world will go round with you." That seemingly casual comment turned out to be his plan for life. After purchasing a comfortable home in the rural outskirts of London, the Darwins settled in to raise

SPACE-BASED TELESCOPE SYSTEM that can search for life-bearing planets has been proposed by the authors. The instrument, a type of interferometer, could be assembled at the proposed international space station (lower left). Subsequently, electric propulsion would send the 50-to 75-meter-long device into an orbit around the sun roughly the same as Jupiter's. Such a mission is at the focus of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's plans to study neighboring planetary systems.

GT Herman optimized (on a sufficiently large data set so as to lead to statistically significant results) without outrageous demands on computational resources. In the rest of this section we discuss how the image reconstruction problem arises in a number of bio- medical areas. ...

This deep-sea cephalopod is so seldom seen, dead or alive, that it seems mythical. Numerous specimens have, however, been studied, and they have begun to reveal the animal's anatomy and its ecology by Clyde F. E. Roper and Kenneth J. Boss ADULT GIANT SQUID can be as much as 18 meters (60 feet) long and can weigh as much as 450 kilograms (1,000 pounds). This drawing is based on numerous specimens or parts of them that have been drawn, photographed or preserved over the past century. The squid in the draw

We're all familiar with electrostatic charge: shuffle across a shag carpet in sneakers, touch a piece of metal, and zap. The slight prick we feel-caused when the electric charge built up by the shuffling suddenly leaps to another object-is nothing compared with what modern electronic equipment experiences.

A u g u s t 2 0 0 7 Large-scale agriculture would become more sustainable if major crop plants lived for years and built deep root systems MODERN FOOD CROPS depend heavily on irrigation and other human inputs while depleting the land and polluting surrounding environments. Development of perennial versions, such as the experimental hybrid of intermediate wheatgrass and triticale shown on the opposite page, could reduce those burdens.

... Titre du document / Document title. THE FIRST DATA NETWORKS. Auteur(s) / Author(s). HOLZMANN GJ ; PEHRSON B. ; Revue / Journal Title. Scientific American ISSN 0036-8733 CODEN SCAMAC Source / Source. 1994, vol. 270, n o 1, pp. 124-129 [6 page(s) (article)] ...

MEV) 1,41)0 I .. ) 1. hi J I 100 © 1964 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC of spin than their ground states (occurrences) of lowest mass. Spins for AO,815, 5/2 ) and f>. (l,920, 7/2 ) are uncertain, but they probably satisfy this requirement. Slanting black lines show the probable Regge trajectories for other baryons. Circled symbols indicate parity ;

F or the past 20 years, we have witnessed an intense but largely unproductive debate over the propriety and value of using animals in medical and scientific research, testing and education. Emotionally evocative images and simple assertions of opinion and fact are the usual fare. But we do not have to accept such low standards of exchange. Sound bites and pithy rhetoric may have their place in the fight for the public's ear, but there is always room for dispassionate analysis and solid scholarship. When it comes to animal research, there is plenty of reason for legitimate dispute. First, one has to determine what values are being brought to the table. If one believes animals should not be used simply as means to ends, that assumption greatly restricts what animal research one is willing to accept. Most people, though, believe some form of cost-benefit analysis should be performed to determine whether the use of animals is acceptable. The costs consist mainly of animal pain, distress and death, whereas the benefits include the acquisition of new knowledge and the development of new medical therapies for humans. There is considerable disagreement among scientists in judging how much pain and suffering occur in the housing and use of research animals. More attention is at last being given to assessing these questions and to finding ways of minimizing such discomfort. Developing techniques that explicitly address and eliminate animal suffering in laboratories will reduce both public and scientific uneasiness about the ways animals are used in science. At present, indications are that public attention to the animal research issue has declined somewhat; however, the level of concern among scientists, research institutions, animal-rights groups and those who regulate animal use remains high. There is also much room to challenge the benefits of animal research and much room to defend such research. In the next few pages, you will find a debate between opponents and supporters of animal research. It is followed by an article that sets out the historical, philosophical and social context of the animalresearch controversy. We leave it to you to judge the case.

Tree-ring lneasurements ha()e shown that early carbon-14 dates are off by as much as 700 years. As a result the ()iew that cultural ad()ances diffu sed into Europe fr01n the east is no longer tenable MEGALITHIC MONUMENT near Esse in Brittany is typical of the massive stone structures that were raised in France as long ago as the fifth millennium B.C. Called "Fairies' Rock," it is made of 42 large slahs of schist, some weighing more than 40 tons. Because of the great effort that must have been required to raise such monu ments, scholars traditionally refused to credit the barbarian cul tures of prehistoric Europe with their construction and instead attributed them to inAuences from civilized eastern Mediterranean.

Globally networked, easy-to-use computers can enhance learning, but only within an educational environment that encourages students to question ([acts" and seek challenges Trademark holders: 2861 DOS·Extender,'M 3861 DOS·Extender'M-Phar Lap Software, Inc.; NDP Fortran 386™-MicroWay; SVSIFortran-77™-Silicon

In this article we provide an introduction to data structures and algorithms. We consider some basic data structures and deal with implementations of a dictionary and a priority queue. Algorithms for such basic problems as matrix multiplication, binary search, sorting, and selection are given. The concepts of randomized computing and parallel computing are also visited.

This is a prospective submission to the Journal Scientific American or an affiliate, however I have decided to release it early for the interest of the public, since it is unlikely to be accepted. I still hope this paper is taken to be significant to science.

... Top of page MORE TO EXPLORE. A Deoxyribozyme-Based Molecular Automaton. Milan N. Stojanovic and Darko Stefanovic in Nature Biotechnology, Vol. 21, No. ... Online at http://tinyurl.com/4mvbnm. Eric Winfree's home page: www.dna.caltech.edu/˜winfree. ...

RUNNING BOARD: General Motors's Hy-wire prototype hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle sits up on a lift, stripped down to its operational essentials-a "skateboard" chassis filled with a fuel-cell stack, electric motor and programmable electronic controls.

... Record Details - EJ178498. Title: Deinstitutionalization and Mental Health Services. Full-Text Availability Options: ... Related Items: Show Related Items. Click on any of the links below to perform a new search. Title: Deinstitutionalization and Mental Health Services. ...

This book presents the data structures and algorithms that underpin much of today's computer programming. The basis of this book is the material contained in the first six chapters of our earlier work, The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms. We have expanded that ...

In 1986 Nadean Cool, a nurse's aide in Wisconsin, sought therapy from a psychiatrist to help her cope with her reaction to a traumatic event experienced by her daughter. During therapy, the psychiatrist used hypnosis and other suggestive techniques to dig out buried memories of abuse that Cool herself had allegedly experienced. In the process, Cool became convinced that she had repressed memories of having been in a satanic cult, of eating babies, of being raped, of having sex with animals and of being forced to

RAMSEY THEORY 7 6 t 3 II 10 * '» Second Edition Ronald L. Graham Bruce L. Rothschild JbelH. Spencer Wiley-Interscience Series in Discrete Mathematics and Optimization ... WILEY-INTERSC1ENCE SERIES IN DISCRETE MATHEMATICS AND OPTIMIZATION ...