Photointerpretation

La línea de costa constituye el ámbito en el cual se ponen en contacto la superficie emergida de la tierra y la superficie del agua, generalmente referida esta última a la superficie del mar. Como elemento de contacto entre superficies que no son estáticas, su delimitación plantea importantes desafíos conceptuales y técnicos para reflejar la ubicación más precisa que le corresponde en determinado tiempo, frente al fuerte dinamismo que la caracteriza.
La definición de las líneas de costa en un mapa ha sido un problema extensamente abordado por distintos autores, incluyendo el enfoque del matemático Benoit Mandelbrot -en el año 1967- que ha dado como resultado el desarrollo del cálculo fractal. Subyace en la literatura específica del tema, cierta evidencia empírica sobre la dependencia de la medición de una línea geográfica real con la “regla de medir” utilizada, o escala mínima adoptada para medirla.
La Tesis que aquí se presenta, considera la problemática específica del mapeo de líneas de costas que reúnen la condición de localización extrema, pertenecientes a ambientes geográficos extracontinentales, con mínima ocupación humana y clima extremadamente hostil, aspectos que no han sido suficientemente tratados hasta ahora y que permiten desde la Agrimensura, aportar el análisis de nuevas variables que deben ser incorporadas a las técnicas ya conocidas de mapeo.
Tomando las costas de Isla Marambio (Antártida Argentina) como caso de estudio, se analiza la documentación cartográfica existente que, aún siendo escasa, demuestra algunas variantes aplicadas desde el punto de vista de la representación gráfica. Los estudios geológicos y geomorfológicos que se han hecho de la isla, por su parte, revelan un conocimiento profundo desde esta perspectiva, conformando una ayuda valiosa para la interpretación del terreno observado. Finalmente, el trabajo con imágenes satelitales, permite ensayar diferentes resoluciones y ajustes a la geometría cartográfica, para proporcionar procedimientos superadores del mapeo de costas en ambientes extremos, tanto de Isla Marambio, como de otras regiones con similares características.

"[ES] Durante el s. XVII se produce un fenómeno de fortificación a lo largo de la frontera entre España y Portugal, mediante la construcción de una serie de arquitecturas que siguen los planteamientos de la fortificación abaluartada, con motivo de la Guerra de la Restauración Portuguesa (1640-1668). Se analizará este fenómeno en la zona localizada entre Verín-Monterrei en Galicia y Chaves en Portugal. Este análisis, realizado desde los planteamientos teórico-metodológicos de la arqueología de la arquitectura y la arqueología del paisaje, deriva de los trabajos llevados a cabo inicialmente en un solar de la Villa de Verín, para posteriormente ampliarse a la totalidad del casco urbano y el territorio que lo circunda. Como se verá, los procesos de transformación urbana que ha sufrido Verín están directamente relacionados con la fortificación de frontera a partir del año 1640.

[EN] During the 17th century a fortification phenomenon along the border between Spain and Portugal takes place on the occasion of the Portuguese War of Restoration (1640- 1668), with the construction of a series of architectures that follow the lines of the bastioned fortifications. This phenomenon is studied in the area located between Verín-Monterrei in Galicia and Chaves in Portugal. The analysis, made from the theoretical-methodological approach of the archaeology of the architecture and the archaeology of the landscape, starts in the works carried out in a plot of land in villa de Verín first, and then it spread to the built-up area and to the land surrounding it. As we will see, urban changing processes in the city of Verín are directly related to the fortification of border after 1640."

"Este artículo describe uno de los hechos geográficos más relevantes que se da en los municipios del litoral y prelitoral valenciano: el proceso de suburbanización desencadenado como consecuencia de la década de enorme auge inmobiliario que hubo entre 1997 y 2007. Para estudiar este fenómeno se han organizado una serie de ejercicios realizados en la clase de Cartografía dentro del grado de Geografía de la Universitat de València, consistente en fotointerpretar los usos del suelo (a partir de imágenes PNOA) de un municipio, elegido libremente por el alumno, y llevar a cabo una cartografía generalizada del mismo, mediante ArcGIS, a partir de una clasifi cación ad hoc (basada en CORINE). El estudiante debe posteriormente comentar el mapa."

A picture is worth a thousand words: The first Complutum photograph plan view (Villalbilla, Madrid). by ARTURO RUIZ-TABOADA and SANDRA AZCÁRRAGA -CÁMARA To Neal Smith Brodsky, in memoriam Aerial photographs have revealed the street plan of a lost Roman city in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula. This city is regarded as a forerunner of Complutum (Alcalá de Henares, Madrid), located 2 kilometres to the north. It is placed on the top of the hill of San Juan del V iso in V illalbilla, Madrid, and the site occupies at least 30 hectares. This city is the most recent of a number of Roman cities in Europe discovered through aerial photography. The images reveal the remains of a legionary fortress, a street network, dwellings, one temple, and one theatre, among other structures. The discovery of this remarkably well preserved site provides a unique and useful oppor tunity to make comparisons between two distinct locations of Roman occupation. We suggest that the occupation of the site in the top show s a Republican and Early Imperial city, the pristine city of Complutum. The point is that the municipalisation occurred when the city was in the valley and we can confirm that the Roman urban models, with all kinds of public buildings, were developed in the first Complutum.

CORSO INTRODUTTIVO ALLA FOTOINTERPRETAZIONE IN AMBITO GEOLOGICO/ARCHEOLOGICO
L’ordine dei Geologi del Lazio, in collaborazione con l’ ICCD Aerofototeca Nazionale, propone un corso base introduttivo teorico e pratico alla fotointerpretazione in ambito geologico e archeologico.
Il corso è diretto ai professionisti che studiano il territorio per finalità progettuali e di tutela, e si pone come obiettivo quello di fornire elementi conoscitivi teorici e metodologie tecniche per un corretto approccio alla lettura e interpretazione di foto aeree in visione stereoscopica, al fine di individuare processi geomorfici, forme morfologiche, tracce archeologiche.
Una coppia di foto aeree, realizzate secondo gli accorgimenti tecnici della aerofotogrammetria, se esaminate attraverso uno stereoscopio, possono fornire una visione sinottica tridimensionale di zone anche molto estese in tempi relativamente brevi.
La fotointerpretazione di riprese aeree è un valido strumento di analisi per acquisire un quadro preliminare della conformazione fisica del territorio, delle forme di erosione e accumulo che lo modellano, del suo assetto morfostrutturale e delle strutture antropiche in esso presenti.
Il ricorso alla fotointerpretazione è particolarmente utile quando la zona da esaminare è di difficile accesso per problemi morfometrici (pendenza, altitudine, ecc.) o impedimenti di diversa natura.
Il confronto di fotografie aeree acquisite in anni diversi (tecnica multitemporale) permette di analizzare le modificazioni naturali e/o antropiche che ha subito una data area nel corso del tempo e quindi valutarne la sua evoluzione futura.

COSTO DEL CORSO: 30 EURO
PREISCRIZIONE: SPEDIRE E-MAIL CON I PROPRI DATI A [email protected] ENTRO E NON OLTRE IL 24 NOVEMBRE 2019
PAGAMENTO QUOTA: ENTRO E NON OLTRE IL 30 NOVEMBRE, PREVIA COMUNICAZIONE ATTIVAZIONE DEL CORSO
NUMERO MASSIMO DI PARTECIPANTI (ARCHEOLOGI): 12
SEDE CORSO: Presso ICCD Aerofototeca Nazionale –Via di San Michele, 18 ROMA

This work presents photo interpretation integration techniques of high resolution aerial photographs and satellite images. Through the use of this methodology, it is possible to identify Dolmens located in the Center Alentejo-Portugal, and recover archaeological information. From the observation of dolmens it was perceived the shape of these objects visualised in vertical images. The use of Remote Sensing techniques in conjunction with ArcGIS allowed to confirm and to know the interpretation keys of these monuments. This feature keys allow to identify and recognize sites already identified as well as new buildings.

Addressing the use of Geographic Information Technologies (GIT) in Archaeology, this paper presents a research model designed to detect and study human settlement during Recent Prehistory in the Southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Middle Guadiana river basin has been chosen as the area of study to identify Neolithic and Chalcolithic ditched enclosures using air photo interpretation and remote sensing techniques. We have obtained new cases which offer a first cultural and
methodological approach to Recent Prehistory settlement in this area, pointing out new future perspectives to investigate

Syn-rift Neogene deposits, composed of a 650 m thick volcano-sedimentary succession, crop out at the foot of the escarpment close to the village of Dogali, near Massawa (NE Eritrea). These deposits are related to the first stage of the Red Sea spreading. This work aims at mapping in detail this succession using remote sensing optical images integrated with ancillary data and ground truth information in a Geographic Information System. Optical images are usually effective in lithological discrimination in arid environment and fill the requirements of low-cost, rapid and accurate regional mapping. Photo-interpretation of Landsat Thematic Mapper image was carried out in a test area of 500 km 2 and Quickbird satellite images were used to detail a subset of 50 km 2 . The satellite images have been processed through radiometric enhancement, principal components analysis and band ratios. Ancillary data and evidences from field surveys supported the photo-interpretation. Rock samples, photo...

Este artículo describe uno de los hechos geográfi cos más relevantes que se da en los municipios del litoral y
prelitoral valenciano: el proceso de suburbanización desencadenado como consecuencia de la década de enorme
auge inmobiliario que hubo entre 1997 y 2007. Para estudiar este fenómeno se han organizado una serie de ejercicios
realizados en la clase de Cartografía dentro del grado de Geografía de la Universitat de València, consistente en
fotointerpretar los usos del suelo (a partir de imágenes PNOA) de un municipio, elegido libremente por el alumno,
y llevar a cabo una cartografía generalizada del mismo, mediante ArcGIS, a partir de una clasifi cación ad hoc
(basada en CORINE). El estudiante debe posteriormente comentar el mapa.

Tradicionalmente, se han considerado las áreas occidental e interior de la
Península Ibérica como lugares de paso y zonas marginales con vacíos demográficos durante la Prehistoria Reciente. Sin embargo, el Área de Prehistoria de la UAH ha venido aportando argumentos para relegar estas afirmaciones como fronteras ideológicas e historiográficas. Por ello, presentamos los resultados de un nuevo modelo de investigación basado en la aplicación de Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (TIG) en Arqueología, cuyo objetivo es facilitar la prospección sistemática del territorio para el reconocimiento y registro de recintos de fosos neolíticos y calcolíticos en un área concreta del Guadiana Medio. Los nuevos casos de estudio ofrecen una primera aproximación de tipo cultural y metodológico sobre el poblamiento de Prehistoria Reciente en esta zona, acercándonos a la cantidad y distribución de yacimientos que se registran en el área portuguesa para este mismo ámbito. Se aportan así datos concretos sobre el enorme potencial arqueológico de la margen izquierda de la cuenca media del
Guadiana y la existencia de numerosas fuentes de documentación visual a nuestro
alcance para su estudio, presentándose ante nosotros unas prometedoras perspectivas de futuro en esta zona y campo de investigación

Remote Sensing makes possible to monitor and observe extensive geographical areas economically Unlike Photogrammetric data, Remote sensing data are only in digital form. These data are uscd l()r the measurement of both geometric and thematic properties of earth's environment from a distance Thematic maps are currently used in many studies such as environmental monitoring. tceton\( fault/fold observations, etc. Thematic maps are generated in two ways: either manually hy photointel1'retation, or automatically using a classification procedure. The objective of this paper i, !n use both ways to produce a land cover map, evaluate and comment the resulting maps. For the plIrpo,e of this paper we used a part of a multispectral LandSat TM imagery over the Greek Island of Le~\ \), To perform the photointel1'retation task the MAPINFO GIS was used. The automatic land lI'C classification was carried out using the "Artificial Neural Networks for GEOSIS Inlegr~llL'd Environment (ANNGIE)", developed by National Research Center "DEMOKRITOS" in tilL· framework of Geonickel BRITE EURAM project. Results show that both approaches of thcmatic 111-1p generation have their own purpose and are often complementary.

The Guide's General Structure Priorities Recommendations 2. How can you tell the state of natural resources in the community where you work? 3, How can you identify, in the community where you work, the areas with problems in the use and management of natural resources? 4, What tools are available for comparing the state of natural resources in the different eom m unities tha! form par! of your working zone? 5, Do you have any suggestions about how lo measure, in a simple way, Ihe changas that occur in !he state of natural rasources in your community orwork area? 1-2 Preparatory Stepa far Fieldwork plllticípative Mapping, AfUllysls and Monitorlng of Natural R _ _ in a WllteJshed 1.1. Identifying a Study Area Objective ,¡ To ídentify a study area consideríng geographíc, ecological, and socíoeconomíc aspects. The support of secondary informatíon, key informants, and maps is required.

Peltuinum was a Roman city located in central Italy, approximately in the middle of a wide valley defined by the
highest mountains of the Apennines. The first investigations of Sapienza University took place in the years 1983-
85, subsequently a new series of excavations started in 2000 and, since 2001, excavations have been carried out
annually. The archaeological area is known above all for its monumental remains. In addition to public buildings,
past archaeological investigations have revealed various residential structures. Within the broader archaeological
project, a three-year research project (2016-2019) was carried out in order to collect aerial photogrammetric data
regarding the walled city and the very first suburban area. The goal of this activity was to pinpoint new anomalies
from aerial photography, exploiting the low-cost digital technologies available and creating a three-dimensional
hub capable of collecting and linking traditional archaeological documentation to 3D geometry. Observing the
landscape from a privileged point of view such as an aerial perspective, and virtually modelling the archaeological
structures excavated during the different annual excavation campaigns, gave us the chance to more accurately
identify potential buried buildings, necropolises and evidence relating to the city’s road system. 3

This work presents photo interpretation integration techniques of high resolution aerial photographs and satellite images. Through the use of this methodology, it is possible to identify Dolmens located in the Center Alentejo - Portugal, and recover archaeological information. From the observation of dolmens it was perceived the shape of these objects visualised in vertical images. The use of Remote Sensing techniques in conjunction with ArcGIS allowed to confirm and to know the interpretation keys of these monuments. This feature keys allow to identify and recognise sites already identified as well as new buildings.  

Land use evolution in Benicàssim (Valencian Community). From elite resort to mass tourism venue
Based on a quantitative approach consisting in photo-interpreting aerial images using
GIS techniques, complemented by a qualitative approach (fieldwork and bibliography),
a diachronic study (1956, 1978, 1991 and 2012) is carried out about land use cover in
the municipality of Benicàssim, belonging to the district of Plana de Castelló (València).
Based on this multi-method analysis, territorial dynamics of this town is analyzed over
the last half century as well as the effect of anthropic action.